A Hundred Flowers

A Hundred Flowers

by

Gail Tsukiyama

Teachers and parents! Our Teacher Edition on A Hundred Flowers makes teaching easy.
The Chinese Communist Party, founded in 1921, seized control of the government at the end of a civil war in 1949. Led by Chairman Mao Zedong until his death in 1977, the Chinese Communist Party expressed an ideology of open, violent revolt against ruling classes; a constant state of struggle against traditional cultural values; and a focus on an agrarian, rather than industrial, society. It ruled with an iron hand, imposing many ill-conceived and sometimes dangerous policies on the country and silencing dissenters with punishments that ranged from public shaming to forced labor to death.

Chinese Communist Party Quotes in A Hundred Flowers

The A Hundred Flowers quotes below are all either spoken by Chinese Communist Party or refer to Chinese Communist Party. For each quote, you can also see the other terms and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Redemption Theme Icon
).
The Kapok Tree, July 1958: Kai Ying (I) Quotes

Kai Ying would never forget the sight of her pale little boy lying on the courtyard pavement, his leg twisted beneath him. A broken branch, she thought, a crushed leaf. He wasn’t moving. At that moment, she realized he might never move again and a feeling of terror overwhelmed her, stopping her abruptly and rooting her in place. […] She stood there while her heart raced so fast her whole body shook. He can’t be, she thought, he can’t. And try as she might, Kai Ying couldn’t think of one tea or soup that could bring the dead back to life. Her father-in-law, who was usually calm and in control, turned back to her, his eyes wide and frantic, his hands waving wildly in the air as he yelled for her to get help from Neighbor Lau, who had the only flatbed pedicab in the neighborhood.

Related Characters: Wei Lee, Kai Ying Lee, Tao Lee, Sheng Lee
Related Symbols: Kapok Tree, White Cloud Mountain
Page Number: 11
Explanation and Analysis:

It didn’t take long for Kai Ying to realize that they were both prisoners of the past, though each pursued his desires and preoccupations differently. While Wei’s sole interest was in preserving China’s past through its art, Sheng believed that if the Chinese were going to forge a stronger nation with a vibrant future, they would have to move past their history and learn from their mistakes.

Sheng never shied away from […] politics and […] problems. […] Kai Ying had often heard Wei counsel her headstrong husband, “You should always look for the quiet within the storm, and then you’ll find the answers to your questions.” Afterward, she watched Sheng turn away from his father with an almost imperceptible shake of his head. She knew what he was really thinking. No, no, you’ll only find the answers to your questions by walking straight into the storm.

Related Characters: Wei Lee, Kai Ying Lee, Sheng Lee
Page Number: 16-17
Explanation and Analysis:
The Kapok Tree, July 1958: Wei Quotes

[H]is grandson was alone somewhere in the hospital and there was nothing he could do but wait. Wei wondered if it was some kind of retribution for his years of self-absorption. He had always been too involved in his own work, never taking into consideration how it might affect those around him. Rather than going into business as his father had wished […] he concentrated on his art history studies, preoccupied with teaching and research. He was thirty when he finally married Liang, and […] Sheng came along unexpectedly almost ten years later. Through it all, Wei continued to work long hours […] He told himself that his work was a part of all their legacies, but was it? By the time he paused long enough, Wei had missed so much of Sheng’s childhood that he had little memory of what his son was like as a boy.

Related Characters: Wei Lee, Kai Ying Lee, Tao Lee, Sheng Lee, Liang Lee
Page Number: 23
Explanation and Analysis:
The Falling Boy, August 1958: Tao (II) Quotes

What Tao would never tell anyone, including his father, was what he really felt the day he fell from the kapok, how for just a moment he was flying instead of falling, and how happy it made him feel. Even now, he envisioned soaring through the gates and beyond the Ming garden wall, high above the narrow, crowded alleyways where he used to run and over the wide, tree-lined streets that led to far-off places he’d never seen. Tao felt so certain that if he had just kept on flying, he’d have reached White Cloud Mountain.

Related Characters: Tao Lee, Sheng Lee
Related Symbols: Kapok Tree, White Cloud Mountain
Page Number: 47-48
Explanation and Analysis:
The Falling Boy, August 1958: Wei Quotes

Now he sat down at his desk and flipped through the worn pages, the book opening naturally to the poems where the spine was broken. He read the first stanza of a poem aptly titled “Thinking of My Boy,” written for the poet’s favorite son.

Comes spring once more,
Pony Boy, and still we
Cannot be together; I
Comfort myself hoping
You are singing with
The birds in the sunshine…

Wei stopped reading, suddenly angered. He knew Sheng wasn’t where he could be singing with birds in the sunshine […] Two months [after his arrest] they received word that Sheng had been sent to be reeducated in Luoyang in the western Henan province […] more than a thousand miles away by train, another world away.

Related Characters: Wei Lee, Sheng Lee, Liang Lee
Page Number: 66
Explanation and Analysis:

The lines were burned into his memory. If China is to become a stronger nation, the Party must open its eyes and see that power comes from free expression. What freedom we do have in a Communist society if artists and intellectuals are tortured for following their hearts? What freedom do we have if art and ideas and politics can’t be appreciated and openly discussed? How can there be strength in suppression?

Wei had written his thoughts with such truth and clarity, as if a light had suddenly flooded a long-darkened room. Now these very same ideas had turned to needles pricking his skin, and the truth he’d written had condemned his son to hard labor. After a lifetime of keeping to himself and remaining closemouthed, what made him write the letter and sign his name? A moment of vanity and conceit, a need to feel important again […]

Related Characters: Wei Lee, Sheng Lee
Page Number: 67-68
Explanation and Analysis:
The World Intrudes, October 1958: Wei (II) Quotes

He glanced out to the courtyard and the kapok tree. When he turned back to Tao, he saw Sheng again at the same age, always so formal and closemouthed around him. He remembered all the times he heard Sheng talking to Liang, joking and laughing, but as soon as he entered the room, it was as if the air had changed. He and Sheng hadn’t learned to be friends until late in his life. Now he only wanted his son home again.

“I know…” Wei began, realizing the words that followed would change all of their lives forever. “I know because it was me. I was the one to write the letter, not your ba ba.”

Wei felt as if he’d been falling for the past year and had finally hit the ground. He stared down at the table and couldn’t look at either Kai Ying or Tao.

Related Characters: Wei Lee (speaker), Kai Ying Lee, Tao Lee, Sheng Lee, Lai Hing
Related Symbols: Kapok Tree
Page Number: 143
Explanation and Analysis:
After, October 1958: Kai Ying Quotes

Kai Ying saw it all so clearly now, the guilt that had to be consuming Wei each day as he retreated more and more into himself. As difficult as it was, Kai Ying understood why Sheng had taken her father-in-law’s place when the police came; Wei would have never been able to survive outside of the villa, much less at a reeducation facility. But why hadn’t Wei told her the truth? Why did he allow her to suffer for over a year, not knowing if there really was a letter, letting her believe that Sheng was the one to jeopardize everything they had? And how was she ever going to forgive a man who would let his pride betray his family?

Related Characters: Wei Lee, Kai Ying Lee, Tao Lee, Sheng Lee
Page Number: 149-150
Explanation and Analysis:
After, October 1958: Wei (I) Quotes

When Wei came to the darkened walkway under a bridge, he stopped to watch a lone middle-aged woman practicing some sort of dance. Unlike everyone else, who was dressed in the drab gray or green tunics of the Party, she wore a bright red flowing outfit, lifting her leg high into the air and sharply snapping a red fan open in perfect unison […] Still, Wei was intrigued with her precise movements, her total concentration; the effectiveness of the red fan as it opened and closed in unison [with her legs]. She paused once and glanced in his direction before she began the next set. Wei watched with admiration and wondered what it must feel like to be that agile, to move with such ease and grace through life, unafraid to perform a dance she loved, a remnant of bourgeoise decadence.

Related Characters: Wei Lee, Sheng Lee
Page Number: 158-159
Explanation and Analysis:
The City of Ghosts, November 1958: Tao Quotes

Tao thought about it. Little Shan had betrayed him to be one of Lai Hing’s stray dogs, and now he wanted to be friends again. Mao would have sent him away for less, just like he did his ba ba. He looked up and studied Little Shan’s face, trying to understand what had happened during the past few months, how his entire life had been turned upside down ever since he he’d fallen from the kapok tree. Yet, here he was, standing upright. Little Shan hadn’t totally abandoned him, having saved him from being pummeled by Lai Hing and his gang. Best friends are hard to come by, his grandfather had said. His ye ye was hard to come by. There would never be anyone else like his grandfather, and Tao wanted him back, but until then, Little Shan stood bundled up and waiting in front of him.

“Truce,” Tao said.

Related Characters: Tao Lee (speaker), Wei Lee, Sheng Lee, Little Shan, Lai Hing
Related Symbols: Kapok Tree
Page Number: 261-262
Explanation and Analysis:
The City of Ghosts, November 1958: Wei (V) Quotes

“I should be the one in here, not you.”

Sheng shook his head.

[…] Wei continued, “[…] I’ve created a world of grief for all of us.” He swallowed.

Ba ba, you don’t need to explain—”

Wei waved his hand to interrupt. “You’re here. I’ve seen you, touched you. At least I can bring that back to Kai Ying. But can you ever forgive me for writing the letter?” he asked. His fingers felt for the gouge in the table, following it to the edge.

“Forgive you? You don’t need to ask for forgiveness for writing the truth. I would have done the same, given time. I’m here for the both of us. We’re more alike than either of us knew.”

Wei saw the color return to Sheng’s face again as he spoke. We’re more alike than either of us knew. His words hung in the stale air […]

Related Characters: Wei Lee (speaker), Sheng Lee (speaker), Kai Ying Lee, Tao Lee
Page Number: 280-281
Explanation and Analysis:
Get the entire A Hundred Flowers LitChart as a printable PDF.
A Hundred Flowers PDF

Chinese Communist Party Term Timeline in A Hundred Flowers

The timeline below shows where the term Chinese Communist Party appears in A Hundred Flowers. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
The Kapok Tree, July 1958: Tao
Home and Family  Theme Icon
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
...at the gate of the villa. Tao’s great-grandfather built it many decades ago. After the Communist Party came to power in 1949, they subdivided the villas in the neighborhood. Tao’s family... (full context)
The Kapok Tree, July 1958: Kai Ying (I)
Journeys and Growth Theme Icon
Home and Family  Theme Icon
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
...the following year. After Sheng’s arrest for writing a letter critical of Mao and the Communist Party, she returned to her work as an herbalist to support the family. (full context)
Journeys and Growth Theme Icon
Suffering, Strength, and Resilience Theme Icon
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
...He was a professor of Chinese art history for many years, only retiring after the Communist Party came to power and began persecuting scholars and intellectuals. At first, he felt certain... (full context)
The Kapok Tree, July 1958: Wei
Redemption Theme Icon
Suffering, Strength, and Resilience Theme Icon
Home and Family  Theme Icon
...only moving picture he ever saw in a theater with Sheng, not long after the Communist Party takeover and shortly before Tao’s birth. Like the heroine of the movie (which was... (full context)
The Falling Boy, August 1958: Song
Home and Family  Theme Icon
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
Song moved to the villa before the Communist takeover, and she worried about fitting into this wealthy, privileged neighborhood. But she longed for... (full context)
The Falling Boy, August 1958: Kai Ying
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
...much unsaid; Sheng cannot risk saying anything that might make his punishment for opposing the Communist Party worse. Some people sent away to the labor camps return as shadows of their... (full context)
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
Kai Ying remembers the spring of 1956, when Chairman Mao and the Communist Party poetically announced the Hundred Flowers Campaign, which asked intellectuals, artists, and others to offer... (full context)
The Falling Boy, August 1958: Wei
Redemption Theme Icon
Home and Family  Theme Icon
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
...responsible for reading all the books it held when he was a child. After the Party subdivided the villas, the library became the Changs’ bedroom. Recently, Tao asked if Wei had... (full context)
Home and Family  Theme Icon
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
...a father to a distant son—makes him angry. It just reminds him how cruelly the Party punishes dissenters by sending them thousands of miles away from home and then trying to... (full context)
Moon Festival, September 1958: Kai Ying (I)
Suffering, Strength, and Resilience Theme Icon
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
...spent months saving to buy an expensive box of Tao’s favorite mooncakes. She hopes the Party hasn’t abolished this small pleasure, too. (full context)
Moon Festival, September 1958: Kai Ying (II)
Journeys and Growth Theme Icon
Suffering, Strength, and Resilience Theme Icon
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
...She wonders if Herbalist Chu hid the rarest and most precious ingredients away before the Communist Party took over the government. Certainly, none of them are on display any longer. When... (full context)
After, October 1958: Wei (II)
Redemption Theme Icon
Journeys and Growth Theme Icon
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
...powerful and important China once was—and how the color has drained from it since the Communist Party takeover. He wonders if he wrote the letter in part to try to reclaim... (full context)
Stories, November 1958: Kai Ying (II)
Home and Family  Theme Icon
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
...two of his family’s old servants. Kai Ying cannot imagine having servants. Of course, the Communist Party outlawed the practice as contrary to its ideology of freedom and equality. But even... (full context)
Stories, November 1958: Wei (IV)
Home and Family  Theme Icon
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
...time Tian graduated and moved to Luoyang, Ai-li had already become deeply involved in the Communist Party. Tian resisted joining despite Ai-li’s encouragement. He struggled to find work and adapt to... (full context)
Suffering, Strength, and Resilience Theme Icon
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
...dreams as childish, bourgeoise fantasies. Then suddenly, she seemed to relent. She stopped going to Party meetings and promised to follow Tian to Guangzhou as soon as she settled her affairs... (full context)
Stories, November 1958: Wei (V)
Redemption Theme Icon
Home and Family  Theme Icon
...one of their arguments ever lasted for more than a few hours. Just before the Communist Party took over, he lied to her to avoid going to a political rally. He... (full context)
Stories, November 1958: Wei (VI)
Redemption Theme Icon
Suffering, Strength, and Resilience Theme Icon
Home and Family  Theme Icon
...left her boardinghouse. He rented her old room. He reported her missing and asked her Communist Party friends about her. But in two weeks of desperate searching, he never found a... (full context)
Stories, November 1958: Tao (II)
Suffering, Strength, and Resilience Theme Icon
Home and Family  Theme Icon
...his grandfather’s last student. Sometimes, Wei would read from his secret books, the ones the Communist Party forbids, like The Arabian Nights or The Three Musketeers. Suddenly, Tao worries that he... (full context)
Waiting, November 1958: Tao (III)
Home and Family  Theme Icon
...he was younger. He named it “Mao,” after the Chinese word for “cat”—not after the Communist Party chairman. He cried when it disappeared. Now he worries that Suyin and her baby... (full context)
Waiting, November 1958: Wei (II)
Suffering, Strength, and Resilience Theme Icon
Home and Family  Theme Icon
The Promises and Failures of Communism  Theme Icon
...country that could have caught up with the rest of the world. A country the Communist Party hated, condemned, and destroyed. One that Tao will never know except through stories and... (full context)
Waiting, November 1958: Wei (III)
Redemption Theme Icon
Journeys and Growth Theme Icon
...Hu. Tian teases him about this, but he, like everyone, recognizes the importance of respecting Party authorities. Wei continues to be amazed by how easily he fell into friendship with Tian.... (full context)
The City of Ghosts, November 1958: Kai Ying (II)
Home and Family  Theme Icon
...to imagine what it would have looked like when Wei was a boy, before the Communist Party takeover, before he lost his university work and Liang. Suddenly, she realizes how lonely... (full context)