A Little Cloud

by

James Joyce

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Ignatius Gallaher is an old friend of Little Chandler. A native Dubliner, he immigrated to London eight years before the story takes place and is now back for a visit. It’s rumored that Gallaher left Dublin because of money troubles brought on by his careless, alcohol-ridden lifestyle. Despite these flaws, he possessed undeniable talent and charisma. During Gallaher’s time away, he has made the most of these attributes and achieved success as a journalist for the London Press. Moreover, he has been able to travel widely throughout Europe, experiencing the pleasures of Paris in particular. For Little Chandler, Gallaher represents everything missing from his own life: an engaging personality, career success, cosmopolitan experiences, and personal freedom. However, when the pair meet at a fancy restaurant to catch up, Little Chandler’s expectations are not fully met. While Gallaher does appear successful, he is also prematurely aged, coarse, and vulgar. Moreover, his travels seem primarily to have allowed him to indulge in petty vices and sensual pleasures. Gallaher shows no signs of changing his lifestyle, remarking that he does not plan to settle down and start a family—unless he were to marry for money. Little Chandler is left feeling resentful of Gallaher’s success and freedom. The contrast between the two makes Little Chandler more conscious of his own limitations in life. Moreover, Gallaher’s characterization shows that while Dublin may hinder one’s prospects (as Little Chandler believes the city has done for him), emigration may hold out a false hope for personal growth and reinvention. Gallaher has achieved financial and career success, but his personal flaws have only grown worse in his time abroad, and he lacks the self-awareness to perceive any need for improvement.

Ignatius Gallaher Quotes in A Little Cloud

The A Little Cloud quotes below are all either spoken by Ignatius Gallaher or refer to Ignatius Gallaher. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Resignation vs. Empowerment  Theme Icon
).
A Little Cloud Quotes

Little Chandler’s thoughts ever since lunch-time had been of his meeting with Gallaher, of Gallaher’s invitation and of the great city London where Gallaher lived. He was called Little Chandler because, though he was but slightly under the average stature, he gave one the idea of being a little man. His hands were white and small, his frame was fragile, his voice was quiet and his manners were refined. He took the greatest care of his fair silken hair and moustache and used perfume discreetly on his handkerchief. The half-moons of his nails were perfect and when he smiled you caught a glimpse of a row of childish white teeth.

Related Characters: Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler, Ignatius Gallaher
Page Number: 65
Explanation and Analysis:

He had never been in Corless’s but he knew the value of the name. He knew that people went there after the theatre to eat oysters and drink liqueurs; and he had heard that the waiters there spoke French and German. Walking swiftly by at night he had seen cabs drawn up before the door and richly dressed ladies, escorted by cavaliers, alight and enter quickly. They wore noisy dresses and many wraps. Their faces were powdered and they caught up their dresses, when they touched earth, like alarmed Atalantas.

Related Characters: Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler, Ignatius Gallaher
Page Number: 66-67
Explanation and Analysis:

As he crossed Grattan Bridge he looked down the river towards the lower quays and pitied the poor stunted houses. They seemed to him a band of tramps, huddled together along the riverbanks, their old coats covered with dust and soot, stupefied by the panorama of sunset and waiting for the first chill of night bid them arise, shake themselves and begone. He wondered whether he could write a poem to express his idea. Perhaps Gallaher might be able to get it into some London paper for him. Could he write something original? He was not sure what idea he wished to express but the thought that a poetic moment had touched him took life within him like an infant hope. He stepped onward bravely.

Related Characters: Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler, Ignatius Gallaher
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number: 68
Explanation and Analysis:

The English critics, perhaps, would recognise him as one of the Celtic school by reason of the melancholy tone of his poems; besides that, he would put in allusions. He began to invent sentences and phrases from the notice which his book would get. Mr Chandler has the gift of easy and graceful verse....A wistful sadness pervades these poems…The Celtic note. It was a pity his name was not more Irish-looking. Perhaps it would be better to insert his mother’s name before the surname: Thomas Malone Chandler, or better still: T. Malone Chandler. He would speak to Gallaher about it.

He pursued his revery so ardently that he passed his street and had to turn back.

Related Characters: Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler, Ignatius Gallaher
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number: 68-69
Explanation and Analysis:

Ignatius Gallaher took off his hat and displayed a large closely cropped head. His face was heavy, pale and clean-shaven. His eyes, which were of bluish slate-colour, relieved his unhealthy pallor and shone out plainly above the vivid orange tie he wore. Between these rival features the lips appeared very long and shapeless and colourless. He bent his head and felt with two sympathetic fingers the thin hair at the crown. Little Chandler shook his head as a denial. Ignatius Gallaher put on his hat again.

—It pulls you down,” he said. Press life. Always hurry and scurry, looking for copy and sometimes not finding it: and then, always to have something new in your stuff. Damn proofs and printers, I say, for a few days.

Related Characters: Ignatius Gallaher (speaker), Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler
Page Number: 69-70
Explanation and Analysis:

—I’ve been to the Moulin Rouge, Ignatius Gallaher continued when the barman had removed their glasses, and I’ve been to all the Bohemian cafés. Hot stuff! Not for a pious chap like you, Tommy.

Little Chandler said nothing until the barman returned with two glasses: then he touched his friend’s glass lightly and reciprocated the former toast. He was beginning to feel somewhat disillusioned. Gallaher’s accent and way of expressing himself did not please him. There was something vulgar in his friend which he had not observed before. But perhaps it was only the result of living in London amid the bustle and competition of the Press. The old personal charm was still there under this new gaudy manner. And, after all, Gallaher had lived, he had seen the world. Little Chandler looked at his friend enviously.

Related Characters: Ignatius Gallaher (speaker), Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number: 71-72
Explanation and Analysis:

—I’ll tell you my opinion, said Ignatius Gallaher, emerging after some time from the clouds of smoke in which he had taken refuge, it’s a rum world. Talk of immorality! I’ve heard of cases—what am I saying?—I’ve known them: cases of…immorality....

Ignatius Gallaher puffed thoughtfully at his cigar and then, in a calm historian’s tone, he proceeded to sketch for his friend some pictures of the corruption which was rife abroad. He summarised the vices of many capitals and seemed inclined to award the palm to Berlin. Some things he could not vouch for (his friends had told him), but of others he had had personal experience. He spared neither rank nor caste. He revealed many of the secrets of religious houses on the Continent and described some of the practices which were fashionable in high society and ended by telling, with details, a story about an English duchess—a story which he knew to be true. Little Chandler was astonished.

Related Characters: Ignatius Gallaher (speaker), Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler
Related Symbols: Little Cloud
Page Number: 73
Explanation and Analysis:

He felt acutely the contrast between his own life and his friend’s and it seemed to him unjust. Gallaher was his inferior in birth and education. He was sure that he could do something better than his friend had ever done, or could ever do, something higher than mere tawdry journalism if he only got the chance. What was it that stood in his way? His unfortunate timidity! He wished to vindicate himself in some way, to assert his manhood. He saw behind Gallaher’s refusal of his invitation. Gallaher was only patronising him by his friendliness just as he was patronising Ireland by his visit.

Related Characters: Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler, Ignatius Gallaher
Page Number: 75-76
Explanation and Analysis:

He looked coldly into the eyes of the photograph and they answered coldly. Certainly they were pretty and the face itself was pretty. But he found something mean in it. Why was it so unconscious and ladylike? The composure of the eyes irritated him. They repelled him and defied him: there was no passion in them, no rapture. He thought of what Gallaher had said about rich Jewesses. Those dark Oriental eyes, he thought, how full they are of passion, of voluptuous longing!...Why had he married the eyes in the photograph?

He caught himself up at the question and glanced nervously round the room. He found something mean in the pretty furniture which he had bought for his house on the hire system. Annie had chosen it herself and it reminded him of her. It too was prim and pretty. A dull resentment against his life awoke within him. Could he not escape from his little house? Was it too late for him to try to live bravely like Gallaher? Could he go to London?

Related Characters: Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler, Ignatius Gallaher, Annie, The Baby
Page Number: 78-79
Explanation and Analysis:
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Ignatius Gallaher Quotes in A Little Cloud

The A Little Cloud quotes below are all either spoken by Ignatius Gallaher or refer to Ignatius Gallaher. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Resignation vs. Empowerment  Theme Icon
).
A Little Cloud Quotes

Little Chandler’s thoughts ever since lunch-time had been of his meeting with Gallaher, of Gallaher’s invitation and of the great city London where Gallaher lived. He was called Little Chandler because, though he was but slightly under the average stature, he gave one the idea of being a little man. His hands were white and small, his frame was fragile, his voice was quiet and his manners were refined. He took the greatest care of his fair silken hair and moustache and used perfume discreetly on his handkerchief. The half-moons of his nails were perfect and when he smiled you caught a glimpse of a row of childish white teeth.

Related Characters: Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler, Ignatius Gallaher
Page Number: 65
Explanation and Analysis:

He had never been in Corless’s but he knew the value of the name. He knew that people went there after the theatre to eat oysters and drink liqueurs; and he had heard that the waiters there spoke French and German. Walking swiftly by at night he had seen cabs drawn up before the door and richly dressed ladies, escorted by cavaliers, alight and enter quickly. They wore noisy dresses and many wraps. Their faces were powdered and they caught up their dresses, when they touched earth, like alarmed Atalantas.

Related Characters: Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler, Ignatius Gallaher
Page Number: 66-67
Explanation and Analysis:

As he crossed Grattan Bridge he looked down the river towards the lower quays and pitied the poor stunted houses. They seemed to him a band of tramps, huddled together along the riverbanks, their old coats covered with dust and soot, stupefied by the panorama of sunset and waiting for the first chill of night bid them arise, shake themselves and begone. He wondered whether he could write a poem to express his idea. Perhaps Gallaher might be able to get it into some London paper for him. Could he write something original? He was not sure what idea he wished to express but the thought that a poetic moment had touched him took life within him like an infant hope. He stepped onward bravely.

Related Characters: Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler, Ignatius Gallaher
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number: 68
Explanation and Analysis:

The English critics, perhaps, would recognise him as one of the Celtic school by reason of the melancholy tone of his poems; besides that, he would put in allusions. He began to invent sentences and phrases from the notice which his book would get. Mr Chandler has the gift of easy and graceful verse....A wistful sadness pervades these poems…The Celtic note. It was a pity his name was not more Irish-looking. Perhaps it would be better to insert his mother’s name before the surname: Thomas Malone Chandler, or better still: T. Malone Chandler. He would speak to Gallaher about it.

He pursued his revery so ardently that he passed his street and had to turn back.

Related Characters: Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler, Ignatius Gallaher
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number: 68-69
Explanation and Analysis:

Ignatius Gallaher took off his hat and displayed a large closely cropped head. His face was heavy, pale and clean-shaven. His eyes, which were of bluish slate-colour, relieved his unhealthy pallor and shone out plainly above the vivid orange tie he wore. Between these rival features the lips appeared very long and shapeless and colourless. He bent his head and felt with two sympathetic fingers the thin hair at the crown. Little Chandler shook his head as a denial. Ignatius Gallaher put on his hat again.

—It pulls you down,” he said. Press life. Always hurry and scurry, looking for copy and sometimes not finding it: and then, always to have something new in your stuff. Damn proofs and printers, I say, for a few days.

Related Characters: Ignatius Gallaher (speaker), Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler
Page Number: 69-70
Explanation and Analysis:

—I’ve been to the Moulin Rouge, Ignatius Gallaher continued when the barman had removed their glasses, and I’ve been to all the Bohemian cafés. Hot stuff! Not for a pious chap like you, Tommy.

Little Chandler said nothing until the barman returned with two glasses: then he touched his friend’s glass lightly and reciprocated the former toast. He was beginning to feel somewhat disillusioned. Gallaher’s accent and way of expressing himself did not please him. There was something vulgar in his friend which he had not observed before. But perhaps it was only the result of living in London amid the bustle and competition of the Press. The old personal charm was still there under this new gaudy manner. And, after all, Gallaher had lived, he had seen the world. Little Chandler looked at his friend enviously.

Related Characters: Ignatius Gallaher (speaker), Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number: 71-72
Explanation and Analysis:

—I’ll tell you my opinion, said Ignatius Gallaher, emerging after some time from the clouds of smoke in which he had taken refuge, it’s a rum world. Talk of immorality! I’ve heard of cases—what am I saying?—I’ve known them: cases of…immorality....

Ignatius Gallaher puffed thoughtfully at his cigar and then, in a calm historian’s tone, he proceeded to sketch for his friend some pictures of the corruption which was rife abroad. He summarised the vices of many capitals and seemed inclined to award the palm to Berlin. Some things he could not vouch for (his friends had told him), but of others he had had personal experience. He spared neither rank nor caste. He revealed many of the secrets of religious houses on the Continent and described some of the practices which were fashionable in high society and ended by telling, with details, a story about an English duchess—a story which he knew to be true. Little Chandler was astonished.

Related Characters: Ignatius Gallaher (speaker), Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler
Related Symbols: Little Cloud
Page Number: 73
Explanation and Analysis:

He felt acutely the contrast between his own life and his friend’s and it seemed to him unjust. Gallaher was his inferior in birth and education. He was sure that he could do something better than his friend had ever done, or could ever do, something higher than mere tawdry journalism if he only got the chance. What was it that stood in his way? His unfortunate timidity! He wished to vindicate himself in some way, to assert his manhood. He saw behind Gallaher’s refusal of his invitation. Gallaher was only patronising him by his friendliness just as he was patronising Ireland by his visit.

Related Characters: Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler, Ignatius Gallaher
Page Number: 75-76
Explanation and Analysis:

He looked coldly into the eyes of the photograph and they answered coldly. Certainly they were pretty and the face itself was pretty. But he found something mean in it. Why was it so unconscious and ladylike? The composure of the eyes irritated him. They repelled him and defied him: there was no passion in them, no rapture. He thought of what Gallaher had said about rich Jewesses. Those dark Oriental eyes, he thought, how full they are of passion, of voluptuous longing!...Why had he married the eyes in the photograph?

He caught himself up at the question and glanced nervously round the room. He found something mean in the pretty furniture which he had bought for his house on the hire system. Annie had chosen it herself and it reminded him of her. It too was prim and pretty. A dull resentment against his life awoke within him. Could he not escape from his little house? Was it too late for him to try to live bravely like Gallaher? Could he go to London?

Related Characters: Thomas Chandler / Little Chandler, Ignatius Gallaher, Annie, The Baby
Page Number: 78-79
Explanation and Analysis: