A Temporary Matter
by Jhumpa Lahiri

Shukumar Character Analysis

Shukumar is a 35-year-old doctoral student. Until somewhat recently, he’d been researching the agrarian revolts in India. Six months before the story takes place, Shukumar and his wife, Shoba, had been expecting their first child. While Shukumar was away at a conference, Shoba went into early labor and the baby was born as a stillbirth. Shukumar feels guilty for being away from Shoba during the tragedy, and he questions whether he even deserves to mourn their dead child. Shukumar’s inability to reckon with his grief causes his relationship with Shoba to become increasingly strained. Shukumar spends his days home alone, essentially abandoning his dissertation. His guilt and grief leave him unable to work, socialize, or leave the house. Since the death, Shukumar has taken on the task of cooking for the couple, which he likes for the sole reason that it makes him feel productive. Shukumar frequently reflects back on happier times with Shoba. During a blackout that occurs for one hour each night while the electric company repairs a damaged power line, Shoba suggests that they share secrets in the dark. Shukumar jumps at the chance to reconnect with his wife. Confiding in one other seems to bring them closer together, and Shukumar responds to this new habit with a cautious optimism. In the very least, Shukumar hopes that their renewed communication might allow them finally to move on their lives—regardless of whether or not they choose to do so as a couple. When Shoba reveals that she’s found an apartment and will be leaving Shukumar, he feels relief, for he admits to no longer loving his wife. But the shock of the news hurts him, and he retaliates with a secret of his own: unbeknownst to Shoba, he held their baby before it was time to cremate the body. Holding the baby and finding out details about the child was something Shoba didn’t want to do. Because he no longer loves her, Shukumar describes the baby in vivid detail. Though cruel, getting this secret off his chest seems to provide Shukumar with some sense of closure.

Shukumar Quotes in A Temporary Matter

The A Temporary Matter quotes below are all either spoken by Shukumar or refer to Shukumar. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Guilt and Grief Theme Icon
).

A Temporary Matter Quotes

She wore a navy blue poplin raincoat over gray sweatpants and white sneakers, looking, at thirty-three, like the type of woman she’d once claimed she would never resemble.

Related Characters: Shoba, Shukumar
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 1
Explanation and Analysis:

He hadn’t left the house at all that day, or the day before. The more Shoba stayed out, the more she began putting in extra hours at work and taking on additional projects, the more he wanted to stay in, not even leaving to get the mail, or to buy fruit or wine at the stores by the trolley stop.

Related Characters: Shoba, Shukumar
Related Symbols: Food
Page Number and Citation: 2
Explanation and Analysis:

Each time he thought of that moment, the last moment he saw Shoba pregnant, it was the cab he remembered most, a station wagon, painted red with blue lettering. […] As the cab sped down Beacon Street, he imagined a day when he and Shoba might need to buy a station wagon of their own, to cart their children back and forth from music lessons and dentist appointments. He imagined himself gripping the wheel, as Shoba turned around to hand the children juice boxes. Once, these images of parenthood had troubled Shukumar […] But that early autumn morning, the trees still heavy with bronze leaves, he welcomed the image for the first time.

Related Characters: Shukumar, Shoba
Page Number and Citation: 3
Explanation and Analysis:

It was typical of her. She was the type to prepare for surprises, good and bad. If she found a skirt or purse she liked she bought two. […] It astonished him, her capacity to think ahead. When she used to do the shopping, the pantry was always stocked with extra bottles of olive and corn oil […] It never went to waste. When friends dropped by, Shoba would throw together meals that appeared to have taken half a day to prepare […] Her labeled mason jars lined the shelves of the kitchen, in endless sealed pyramids, enough, they’d agreed, to last for their grandchildren to taste. They’d eaten it all by now.

Related Characters: Shukumar, Shoba
Related Symbols: Food
Page Number and Citation: 6-7
Explanation and Analysis:

At some point in the evening she visited him. When he heard her approach he would put away his novel and begin typing sentences. […] He knew it was something she forced herself to do. She would look around the walls of the room, which they had decorated together last summer with a border of marching ducks and rabbits playing trumpet and drums. […] Shukumar had disassembled it all before bringing Shoba back from the hospital, scraping off the rabbits and ducks with a spatula.

Related Characters: Shoba, Shukumar
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 8
Explanation and Analysis:

[Shoba’s mother] was polite to Shukumar without being friendly. She never talked to him about Shoba; once, when he mentioned the baby’s death, she looked up from her knitting, and said, “But you weren’t even there.”

Related Characters: Shoba’s Mother (speaker), Shoba, Shukumar
Page Number and Citation: 9
Explanation and Analysis:

“It’s like India,” Shoba sad, watching him tend his makeshift candelabra. “Sometimes the current disappears for hours at a stretch. I once had to attend an entire rice ceremony in the dark. The baby just cried and cried. It must have been so hot.”

Their baby never cried, Shukumar considered. Their baby would never have a rice ceremony, even though Shoba had already made the guest list […].

“Are you hot?” he asked her.

Related Characters: Shoba (speaker), Shukumar (speaker)
Related Symbols: Darkness
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 11
Explanation and Analysis:

“I remember during power failures at my grandmother’s house, we all had to say something,” Shoba continued. […] “A little poem. A joke. A fact about the world. For some reason my relatives always wanted me to tell them the names of my friends in America. I don’t know why the information was so interesting to them.”

Related Characters: Shoba (speaker), Shukumar
Related Symbols: Darkness
Page Number and Citation: 12
Explanation and Analysis:

Something happened when the house was dark. They were able to talk to each other again. The third night after supper they’d sat together on the sofa, and once it was dark he began kissing her awkwardly on her forehead and her face, and though it was dark he closed his eyes, and knew that she did, too. The fourth night they walked carefully upstairs, to bed, […] making love with a desperation they had forgotten. […] As he made love to her he wondered what he would say to her the next night, and what she would say, the thought of it exciting him.

Related Characters: Shoba, Shukumar
Related Symbols: Darkness
Page Number and Citation: 19
Explanation and Analysis:

She wouldn’t look at him, but he stared at her. It was obvious that she’d rehearsed the lines. All this time she’d been looking for an apartment, testing the water pressure, asking a Realtor if heat and hot water were included in the rent. It sickened Shukumar, knowing that she had spent these past evenings preparing for a life without him. He was relieved and yet he was sickened. This was what she’d been trying to tell him for the past four evenings. This was the point of her game.

Related Characters: Shukumar, Shoba
Related Symbols: Darkness
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 21
Explanation and Analysis:

These were the things he had told her. He had held his son, who had known life only within her, against his chest in a darkened room in an unknown wing of the hospital. He had held him until a nurse knocked and took him away, and he promised himself that day that he would never tell Shoba, because he still loved her then, and it was the one thing in her life that she had wanted to be a surprise.

Related Characters: Shukumar, Shoba
Page Number and Citation: 22
Explanation and Analysis:

Shoba had turned the lights off. She came back to the table and sat down, and after a moment Shukumar joined her. They wept together, for the things they now knew.

Related Characters: Shoba, Shukumar
Related Symbols: Darkness, Food
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 22
Explanation and Analysis:
Get the entire A Temporary Matter LitChart as a printable PDF.
"My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." -Graham S.
A Temporary Matter PDF

Shukumar Character Timeline in A Temporary Matter

The timeline below shows where the character Shukumar appears in A Temporary Matter. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
A Temporary Matter
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
The Limits of Planning Theme Icon
Married couple Shoba and Shukumar receive a notice from their electric company that their power will be disconnected for five... (full context)
Guilt and Grief Theme Icon
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
As Shukumar tends to the dinner he’s making, he reflects on the state of his marriage: “The... (full context)
Guilt and Grief Theme Icon
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
Shukumar recalls the event that caused the (previously happy) couple’s alienation: six months prior, Shukumar attended... (full context)
Guilt and Grief Theme Icon
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
The Limits of Planning Theme Icon
Shukumar regrets the moment he chose to leave, replaying the moment in his mind in great... (full context)
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
The Limits of Planning Theme Icon
Shukumar’s thoughts fast-forward to the present. He reveals that “these days, Shoba was always gone by... (full context)
The Limits of Planning Theme Icon
Shukumar and Shoba’s power is turned off at 8 P.M. as planned. During this first night... (full context)
Guilt and Grief Theme Icon
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
Shukumar reveals that the couple hasn’t eaten together in months—in fact, they’ve avoided one another since... (full context)
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
Shukumar returns to the kitchen to finish dinner and search for candles. The only candles he... (full context)
Guilt and Grief Theme Icon
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
...been Shoba’s mother,” who came from Arizona to help the couple cope with their grief. Shukumar recalls that he’d once mentioned the baby during her visit, to which she replied only... (full context)
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
The Limits of Planning Theme Icon
Shukumar’s thoughts return to the present. He finds it “odd” that the only candles he can... (full context)
Guilt and Grief Theme Icon
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
Shoba, freshly showered, joins Shukumar at the table. “What’s all this?” She asks. The lights go off and the couple... (full context)
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
The Limits of Planning Theme Icon
...joke. A fact about the world.” Shoba suggests that the couple plays that game now. Shukumar agrees.  (full context)
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
...and forth. Shoba admits that when the couple first started dating she had looked through Shukumar’s address book to see if he’d written in her name already (and he had not).... (full context)
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
...out. They bring candles and a flashlight with them and resume their game. Shoba tells Shukumar that on a night when his mother was visiting and Shoba said she had to... (full context)
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
After the second night of secrets, Shukumar thinks about the significance of their game: “Somehow, without saying anything, it had turned into... (full context)
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
On the third night, Shukumar tells Shoba that he actually returned a sweater vest she’d bought him for their third... (full context)
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
Shukumar reflects on the significance of the dark: “Something happened when the house was dark. They... (full context)
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
On the fifth night, Shukumar finds a second note from the electric company informing them that the line has been... (full context)
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
Shukumar pours wine and puts on a Thelonious Monk album that Shoba likes. They eat in... (full context)
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
The Limits of Planning Theme Icon
But Shoba is not pregnant this time. Instead, she tells Shukumar that she plans to leave him: “I’ve been looking for an apartment and I’ve found... (full context)
Guilt and Grief Theme Icon
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
The Limits of Planning Theme Icon
Shocked and sickened, Shukumar responds to Shoba’s announcement with one last secret: the sex of their baby. After the... (full context)
Guilt and Grief Theme Icon
The Difficulty of Communication Theme Icon
As Shukumar clears the table, Shoba stands up and turns the lights back off. They both sit... (full context)