A Wagner Matinée
by Willa Cather
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Clark, the narrator of the story, lives in a boarding-house on Newbury Street in Boston, though he was born in Vermont and spent a significant part of his youth living on Georgiana and Howard’s Nebraska homestead. Clark reveres his Aunt Georgiana, who taught him Latin, Shakespeare, and most notably music, even after he had spent hard days tending the herds or husking corn for his uncle. Self-described as having been “a gangling farmer-boy … scourged with chilblains and bashfulness,” Clark seems to have been a sensitive child, not particularly suited to farm labor; he recalls that Howard spoke sharply to him on occasion, and that he was “near dead of home-sickness” for Vermont. His primary consolations on the farm were Georgiana’s company, her encouragement of his music, and her stories of concerts attended in her youth. Still a devoted nephew at the time of the story, he tries to repay his aunt for some of her kindnesses by treating her to a Wagner concert when she visits Boston. At first shocked by Georgiana’s battered appearance and timid demeanor, he briefly regrets the idea, but upon arriving at the concert hall, he realizes he has judged his aunt superficially. He is puzzled initially by Georgiana’s seeming detachment from the music, but later he is moved by her tears and realizes that her longing for music and culture persist underneath her worn-out, unsophisticated exterior.

Clark Quotes in A Wagner Matinée

The A Wagner Matinée quotes below are all either spoken by Clark or refer to Clark. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Civilization vs. The Frontier Theme Icon
).

A Wagner Matinee Quotes

The name of my Aunt Georgiana opened before me a gulf of recollection so wide and deep that … I felt suddenly a stranger to all the present conditions of my existence, wholly ill at ease and out of place amid the familiar surroundings of my study. I became, in short, the gangling farmer-boy my aunt had known, scourged with chilblains and bashfulness, my hands cracked and sore from the corn husking.

Related Characters: Clark (speaker), Georgiana Carpenter, Howard Carpenter
Page Number and Citation: 190
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote comes immediately after Clark receives a letter from his Uncle Howard, informing him that Aunt Georgiana will be arriving in Boston the following day to attend to legal matters. Georgiana’s name sweeps Clark back to his boyhood, which was dramatically different from his present circumstances. In this way, the quote introduces both the theme of frontier versus civilization and the theme of estrangement. The youthful Clark was shy, workworn, and exposed to the elements (“chilblains” are sores associated with exposure to the cold); by implication, the present Clark is urban, cultured, well-sheltered, and confident. Though Clark never gives Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut al

Whatever shock Mrs. Springer experienced at my aunt’s appearance, she considerately concealed. As for myself, I saw my aunt’s battered figure with that feeling of awe and respect with which we behold explorers who have left their ears and fingers north of Franz-Joseph-Land, or their health somewhere along the Upper Congo.

Related Characters: Clark (speaker), Georgiana Carpenter
Page Number and Citation: 191
Explanation and Analysis:
After Georgiana arrives in Boston looking disoriented and covered in soot and dust, Clark’s landlady immediately helps her to bed, and Clark ponders the startling impression his aunt has left. Clark’s comparison of his aunt to an intrepid explorer reflects the fact that, around the time Cather wrote, European exploration of remote regions was much in the public consciousness. Franz-Joseph-Land, an uninhabited group of islands located in the Arctic Ocean, had been discovered in the late nineteenth century, and in the early years of the twentieth, explorers mounted campaigns from the islands to reach the North Pole. Central Africa’s Congo Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostr

Aunt Georgiana had been a music teacher at the Boston Conservatory, somewhere back in the latter sixties. One summer, while visiting in the little village among the Green Mountains where her ancestors had dwelt for generations, she had kindled the callow fancy of my uncle, Howard Carpenter, then an idle, shiftless boy of twenty-one. When she returned to her duties in Boston, Howard followed her, and the upshot of this infatuation was that she eloped with him, eluding the reproaches of her family and the criticism of her friends by going with him to the Nebraska frontier.

Related Characters: Clark (speaker), Georgiana Carpenter, Howard Carpenter
Page Number and Citation: 191
Explanation and Analysis:
The Boston Conservatory, founded in 1867 by a German-born violinist named Julius Eichberg, had been forward-thinking in its inclusion of women from its inception. Georgiana’s affiliation with the Conservatory, therefore, shows not just her talent, but that she was on the cutting edge of musicianship and musical education in her era. This makes it all the more surprising that she would have eloped with a man who seems to have been so strikingly her opposite. Clark never supplies further details as to why Georgiana married an immature, unambitious man, but the elopement brings about the first major estrangement of her Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequ

During the years when I was riding herd for my uncle, my aunt, after cooking the three meals—the first of which was ready at six o’clock in the morning—and putting the six children to bed, would often stand until midnight at her ironing-board, with me at the kitchen table beside her, hearing me recite Latin declensions and conjugations, gently shaking me when my drowsy head sank down over a page of irregular verbs. It was to her, at her ironing or mending, that I read my first Shakspere, and her old text-book on mythology was the first that ever came into my empty hands. She taught me my scales and exercises on the little parlour organ which her husband had bought her after fifteen years during which she had not so much as seen a musical instrument.

Related Characters: Clark (speaker), Georgiana Carpenter, Howard Carpenter
Page Number and Citation: 191
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote comes in the context of Clark’s reminiscences about Aunt Georgiana and her goodness to him during his years on the homestead. Cather sets up a contrast between the study of Latin, Shakespeare, and mythology and long days of demanding farm work. Georgiana clearly placed great emphasis on ensuring that Clark—his hands “empty,” yet evidently filled with potential in her eyes—receive not only a rudimentary education, but a grounding in the classics and in music. Yet Georgiana was equally committed to fulfilling the demands of the homestead—she did not allow the needs of the household to suffer despite her Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperio

She would sit beside me by the hour, darning and counting, while I struggled with the “Joyous Farmer.” She seldom talked to me about music, and I understood why. Once when I had been doggedly beating out some easy passages from an old score of Euryanthe I had found among her music books, she came up to me and, putting her hands over my eyes, gently drew my head back upon her shoulder, saying tremulously, “Don’t love it so well, Clark, or it may be taken from you.”

Related Characters: Clark (speaker), Georgiana Carpenter (speaker), Howard Carpenter (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 192
Explanation and Analysis:
In this quote, Clark continues to reminisce about Georgiana and her role in his upbringing. In particular, he reflects on her influence on him as a novice musician. The “Joyous Farmer” is one of a collection of pieces for beginners, composed by Robert Schumann in 1848 for his young daughters. There is humor in the fact that Clark learned to play this piece in an environment that seems to have been lacking in joy. More to the point, however, as Clark gained proficiency and began practicing more advanced pieces on his own initiative, he learned as much from Georgiana’s warnings Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo

I had felt some trepidation lest she might become aware of her queer, country clothes, or might experience some painful embarrassment at stepping suddenly into the world to which she had been dead for a quarter of a century. But, again, I found how superficially I had judged her. She sat looking about her with eyes as impersonal, almost as stony, as those with which the granite Rameses in a museum watches the froth and fret that ebbs and flows about his pedestal. I have seen this same aloofness in old miners who drift into the Brown hotel at Denver … standing in the thronged corridors as solitary as though they were still in a frozen camp on the Yukon.

Related Characters: Clark (speaker), Georgiana Carpenter
Page Number and Citation: 193
Explanation and Analysis:
These thoughts cross Clark’s mind after he and Georgiana enter the concert hall for the Wagner matinée he has planned as a special treat for his aunt. Perhaps he is slightly embarrassed himself by his aunt’s outdated fashion. In any case, he quickly discovers that he needn’t have worried. Despite looking jarringly out of place, Georgiana is every inch the dignified woman he remembers. By comparing her to a museum statue and a miner in a hotel, he likens her to figures similarly out of place, yet fully retaining their sense of self, despite whatever bustle occurs around them or Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaeca

The matinée audience was made up chiefly of women. One lost the contour of faces and figures, indeed any effect of line whatever, and there was only the colour of bodices past counting … red, mauve, pink, blue, lilac, purple, écru, rose, yellow, cream, and white, all the colours that an impressionist finds in a sunlit landscape, with here and there the dead shadow of a frock coat. My Aunt Georgiana regarded them as though they had been so many daubs of tube-paint on a palette.

Related Characters: Clark (speaker), Georgiana Carpenter
Related Symbols: Black
Page Number and Citation: 193
Explanation and Analysis:
Before the concert begins, Georgiana is drawn to the sight of the other concertgoers’ dresses. Georgiana is elsewhere described as wearing a “queer, country” dress in black, which contrasts starkly with the vivid array of the other women’s clothes. The contrast between black and bright colors symbolizes the contrast between the drab, cultureless environment of the frontier and the lively world of the city. Perhaps it also suggests the contrast between Georgiana’s youthful hopes and the present reality of her life, as she gazes at the dresses as though at a potential work of art—the type of sight she has Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut

When the horns drew out the first strain of the Pilgrim’s chorus, Aunt Georgiana clutched my coat sleeve. Then it was I first realized that for her this broke a silence of thirty years. With the battle between the two motives, with the frenzy of the Venusberg theme and its ripping of strings, there came to me an overwhelming sense of the waste and wear we are so powerless to combat; and I saw again the tall, naked house on the prairie … The world there was the flat world of the ancients; to the east, a cornfield that stretched to daybreak; to the west, a corral that reached to sunset; between, the conquests of peace, dearer-bought than those of war.

Related Characters: Clark (speaker), Georgiana Carpenter
Page Number and Citation: 194
Explanation and Analysis:
Here Clark observes Georgiana’s reaction to the first musical performance she has heard for thirty years and also considers what the music evokes for him personally. The first piece in the concert is the overture to Wagner’s 1845 opera, Tännhauser, set in medieval Germany and telling a story of the conflict between sacred and profane love. The dramatic conflict in the score echoes the conflict in Georgiana’s own life between the frontier and her love of music, between the old life of her dreams and the reality of her life now. Clark’s sense of “waste and wear” suggests that Georgiana Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore

She preserved this utter immobility throughout the number from The Flying Dutchman, though her fingers worked mechanically upon her black dress, as if, of themselves, they were recalling the piano score they had once played. Poor hands! They had been stretched and twisted into mere tentacles to hold and lift and knead with;—on one of them a thin, worn band that had once been a wedding ring. As I pressed and gently quieted one of those groping hands, I remembered with quivering eyelids their services for me in other days.

Related Characters: Clark (speaker), Georgiana Carpenter
Related Symbols: Black
Page Number and Citation: 195
Explanation and Analysis:
Throughout the ensuing pieces, Clark is curious to know his aunt’s reactions to the music but finds her inscrutable. When he sees her playing along with the music of The Flying Dutchman, he is deeply moved by the sight of her marred hands. They remind him both of what might have been if Georgiana had not given up her dreams of music and how she taught and cared for Clark as a boy—ultimately helping him escape the drudgery of the farm, though she remained behind. Georgiana’s ability to recall the music, even if only to mimic it, shows how deeply Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecat

Some years before there had drifted to the farm in Red Willow County a young German, a tramp cow-puncher, who had sung in the chorus at Bayreuth when he was a boy, along with the other peasant boys and girls. Of a Sunday morning he used to sit on his gingham-sheeted bed in the hands’ bedroom … cleaning the leather of his boots and saddle, singing the “Prize Song,” while my aunt went about her work in the kitchen. She had hovered over him until she had prevailed upon him to join the country church, though his sole fitness for this step, in so far as I could gather, lay in his boyish face and his possession of this divine melody.

Related Characters: Clark (speaker), Georgiana Carpenter
Page Number and Citation: 195
Explanation and Analysis:
During the concert intermission, Clark asks his aunt about her tearful reaction during the “Prize Song,” and she haltingly shares the memory it had conjured. A wandering German cowboy with opera training is a truly improbable figure which effectively mirrors the strangeness of Georgiana’s own situation. Bayreuth, a town in northern Bavaria, Germany, was Richard Wagner’s home in his later years and the site of an opera festival he founded in order to stage his own works. As such, Georgiana and the cowboy share an elite musical background, and Georgiana’s attempt to recruit the man for the church choir reflects Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident exp

The deluge of sound poured on and on; I never knew what she found in the shining current of it; I never knew how far it bore her, or past what happy islands. From the trembling of her face I could well believe that before the last number she had been carried out where the myriad graves are, into the grey, nameless burying grounds of the sea; or into some world of death vaster yet, where, from the beginning of the world, hope has lain down with hope and dream with dream and, renouncing, slept.

Related Characters: Clark (speaker), Georgiana Carpenter
Related Symbols: Water
Page Number and Citation: 196
Explanation and Analysis:
During the second half of the concert, which closes with Siegfried’s funeral march in the Götterdämmerung (the last of Wagner’s Ring cycle), Georgiana weeps almost continuously, and Clark speculates about what is going on in her mind. As this opera’s final act includes a good deal of water imagery, including the overflowing of the banks of the Rhine, Cather is certainly drawing on her lifelong love of opera and likely expected her contemporary readers to be able to draw on an equivalent bank of knowledge. Here the “deluge” symbolizes music’s ability to awaken Georgiana’s latent love of music, but, ultimately, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio u

I spoke to my aunt. She burst into tears and sobbed pleadingly. “I don’t want to go, Clark, I don’t want to go!”

I understood. For her, just outside the concert hall, lay the black pond with the cattle-tracked bluffs; the tall, unpainted house, with weather-curled boards, naked as a tower; the crook-backed ash seedlings where the dish-cloths hung to dry; the gaunt, moulting turkeys picking up refuse about the kitchen door.

Related Characters: Clark (speaker), Georgiana Carpenter (speaker)
Related Symbols: Black
Page Number and Citation: 196
Explanation and Analysis:
These final two paragraphs compose the climax of the story. Georgiana sits motionless as the rest of the audience leaves the concert hall, and, when prompted by Clark, expresses with jarring simplicity what has been building up throughout the concert. Clark finally understands what her emotions have been. The line “just outside the concert hall” suggests that, for Georgiana, there is effectively no in-between, marginal space for her anymore; she must face head-on the frontier life and the losses it represents. Though she recoils at it, the frontier—a stark, barren, cultureless world all the more repellent in comparison to the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eli
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Clark Character Timeline in A Wagner Matinée

The timeline below shows where the character Clark appears in A Wagner Matinée. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
A Wagner Matinee
Civilization vs. The Frontier Theme Icon
One morning, Clark, the narrator, receives a letter postmarked from “a little Nebraska village.” The letter, which looks... (full context)
Civilization vs. The Frontier Theme Icon
Music and the Human Soul Theme Icon
Home and Estrangement Theme Icon
Georgiana’s name stirs deep recollections for Clark—so deep that he feels “suddenly a stranger to all the present conditions of [his] existence.”... (full context)
Civilization vs. The Frontier Theme Icon
Home and Estrangement Theme Icon
The next day, at the train station, Clark has some difficulty in finding Georgiana. She is the last to alight from the train,... (full context)
Civilization vs. The Frontier Theme Icon
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Clark is shocked by his aunt’s battered appearance. He regards her with “that feeling of awe... (full context)
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Music and the Human Soul Theme Icon
Home and Estrangement Theme Icon
Clark reflects on Georgiana’s past. Georgiana had been a music teacher at the Boston Conservatory in... (full context)
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Clark describes the couple’s dug-out as “one of those cave dwellings whose inmates so often reverted... (full context)
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Clark further reflects that most of the good of his boyhood was due to Georgiana, whom... (full context)
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Music and the Human Soul Theme Icon
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Georgiana also taught Clark to play the parlor organ, an instrument Howard had bought for her “after fifteen years... (full context)
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Clark has planned to take Georgiana to the Symphony Orchestra’s Wagner program, to repay her for... (full context)
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Georgiana seems so timid about venturing into the city that Clark begins to doubt whether his aunt will enjoy the concert. Even as they discuss various... (full context)
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...they arrive at the concert hall, however, Georgiana appears to wake up to her surroundings. Clark had been concerned that Georgiana might be self-conscious about her outdated black dress or embarrassed... (full context)
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Music and the Human Soul Theme Icon
Georgiana’s interest is further quickened by the appearance of the musicians onstage. Clark thinks he can understand what his aunt is feeling, for he remembers how his own... (full context)
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Music and the Human Soul Theme Icon
During the first number, the Tannhäuser overture, Georgiana clutches Clark’s sleeve, and he realizes that this music “broke a silence of thirty years” for her.... (full context)
Civilization vs. The Frontier Theme Icon
Music and the Human Soul Theme Icon
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Georgiana’s reaction to the first overture is somewhat impassive, and Clark wonders what she gets from the music. Georgiana’s musical education had been a sophisticated one,... (full context)
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As the concert goes on, Clark wonders if Georgiana has “enough left to at all comprehend this power which had kindled... (full context)
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During the “Prize Song,” Clark notices that there are tears on Georgiana’s cheeks and that she continues to weep throughout... (full context)
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...vessel overflows in a rain-storm.” “The deluge” of Wagner’s Ring “poured on and on,” and Clark doesn’t know where the music takes her. He supposes that she has been carried into... (full context)
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...leaving it “empty as a winter cornfield.” Georgiana remains seated, however, and when prompted by Clark, she bursts into tears and pleads, “I don’t want to go, Clark, I don’t want... (full context)
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Clark understands. For Georgiana, outside the concert hall “lay the black pond with the cattle-tracked bluffs,”... (full context)