An Episode of War

by

Stephen Crane

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The Lieutenant Character Analysis

The lieutenant, the helpless and frail protagonist of Crane’s story, suffers a gunshot wound then searches for the field hospital, while enduring the belittlement of the surgeon and the officer. Readers don’t learn much about the lieutenant—not even his name—though the story’s conclusion hints at naiveté and innocence: his mother greets him when he returns home, and though he has a wife, he has no children yet. Furthermore, everything about the man suggests powerlessness, a quality readers wouldn’t ordinarily expect from a military leader. First, though he is surrounded by subordinates in the beginning, the office of lieutenant is a substitute role for a higher-ranking general, suggesting that whatever responsibilities the man has are secondary. Next, he is shot in the arm not while fighting valiantly but while portioning coffee to his men on the sidelines of battle—a situation so inglorious that he spends the rest of the story in a state of profound embarrassment that culminates when he returns home with an amputated arm. Third, his reaction to the injury is almost cowardly: instead of charging toward enemy (he can’t even see them, as they’re shrouded by the forest), he clumsily sheathes his sword, and he stands silently while his corporals look on in surprise. By depicting the lieutenant’s weakness, Crane brings out several of the story’s themes that center on humankind’s insignificance and the humbling effects of military experience. As he crosses the camp for the field hospital, his character develops in two ways. First, he begins to see the world and the battle more clearly—a string of discoveries that show how strongly war can cloud people’s clarity and thinking. Second, his private sense of self-doubt at being shot deepens into a public sense of shame when an officer and a surgeon belittle him for his injury. These embarrassing encounters show Crane’s argument that people disregard rank when judging others.

The Lieutenant Quotes in An Episode of War

The An Episode of War quotes below are all either spoken by The Lieutenant or refer to The Lieutenant. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Rank vs. Human Judgment Theme Icon
).
An Episode of War Quotes

The lieutenant was frowning and serious at this task of division. His lips pursed as he drew with his sword various crevices in the heap, until brown squares of coffee, astoundingly equal in size, appeared on the blanket. He was on the verge of a great triumph in mathematics, and the corporals were thronging forward, each to reap a little square, when suddenly the lieutenant cried out and looked quickly at a man near him as if he suspected it was a case of personal assault. The others cried out also when they saw blood upon the lieutenant’s sleeve.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant
Page Number: 653
Explanation and Analysis:

Turning his eyes from the hostile wood, he looked at the sword as he held it there, and seemed puzzled as to what to do with it, where to put it. In short, this weapon had of a sudden become a strange thing to him. He looked at it in a kind of stupefaction, as if he had been endowed with a trident, a scepter, or a spade.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant
Related Symbols: The Forest
Page Number: 653
Explanation and Analysis:

A wound gives strange dignity to him who bears it. Well men shy from this new and terrible majesty. It is as if the wounded man’s hand is upon the curtain which hangs before the revelations of all existence—the meaning of ants, potentates, wars, cities, sunshine, snow, a feather dropped from a bird’s wing; and the power of it sheds radiance upon a bloody form, and makes the other men understand sometimes that they are little.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant, The Orderly-Sergeant
Page Number: 654
Explanation and Analysis:

As the wounded officer passed from the line of battle, he was enabled to see many things which as a participant in the fight were unknown to him. He saw a general on a black horse gazing over the lines of blue infantry at the green woods which veiled his problems. An aide galloped furiously, dragged his horse suddenly to a halt, saluted, and presented a paper. It was, for a wonder, precisely like a historical painting.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant
Related Symbols: The Forest
Page Number: 654
Explanation and Analysis:

The battery swept in curves that stirred the heart; it made halts as dramatic as the crash of a wave on the rocks, and when it fled onward this aggregation of wheels, levers, motors had a beautiful unity, as if it were a missile. The sound of it was a war chorus that reached into the depths of man’s emotion.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant
Page Number: 654
Explanation and Analysis:

In fact, these men, no longer having part in the battle, knew more of it than others. They told the performance of every corps, every division, the opinion of every general. The lieutenant, carrying his wounded arm rearward, looked upon them with wonder.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant
Page Number: 655
Explanation and Analysis:

He appropriated the lieutenant and the lieutenant’s wound. He cut the sleeve and laid bare the arm, every nerve of which softly fluttered under his touch. He bound his handkerchief over the wound, scolding away in the meantime. His tone allowed one to think that he was in the habit of being wounded every day. The lieutenant hung his head, feeling, in this presence, that he did not know how to be correctly wounded.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant, The Officer
Page Number: 655
Explanation and Analysis:

He seemed possessed suddenly of a great contempt for the lieutenant. This wound evidently placed the latter on a very low social plane. The doctor cried out impatiently: “What mutton-head had tied it up that way anyhow?” The lieutenant answered, “Oh, a man.”

Related Characters: The Lieutenant (speaker), The Surgeon (speaker), The Officer
Page Number: 655
Explanation and Analysis:

“Let go of me,” said the lieutenant, holding back wrathfully, his glance fixed upon the door of the old schoolhouse, as sinister to him as the portals of death.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant (speaker), The Surgeon
Related Symbols: The Schoolhouse
Page Number: 656
Explanation and Analysis:

And this is the story of how the lieutenant lost his arm. When he reached home, his sisters, his mother, his wife, sobbed for a long time at the sight of the flat sleeve.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant, The Lieutenant’s Family
Page Number: 656
Explanation and Analysis:
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The Lieutenant Quotes in An Episode of War

The An Episode of War quotes below are all either spoken by The Lieutenant or refer to The Lieutenant. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Rank vs. Human Judgment Theme Icon
).
An Episode of War Quotes

The lieutenant was frowning and serious at this task of division. His lips pursed as he drew with his sword various crevices in the heap, until brown squares of coffee, astoundingly equal in size, appeared on the blanket. He was on the verge of a great triumph in mathematics, and the corporals were thronging forward, each to reap a little square, when suddenly the lieutenant cried out and looked quickly at a man near him as if he suspected it was a case of personal assault. The others cried out also when they saw blood upon the lieutenant’s sleeve.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant
Page Number: 653
Explanation and Analysis:

Turning his eyes from the hostile wood, he looked at the sword as he held it there, and seemed puzzled as to what to do with it, where to put it. In short, this weapon had of a sudden become a strange thing to him. He looked at it in a kind of stupefaction, as if he had been endowed with a trident, a scepter, or a spade.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant
Related Symbols: The Forest
Page Number: 653
Explanation and Analysis:

A wound gives strange dignity to him who bears it. Well men shy from this new and terrible majesty. It is as if the wounded man’s hand is upon the curtain which hangs before the revelations of all existence—the meaning of ants, potentates, wars, cities, sunshine, snow, a feather dropped from a bird’s wing; and the power of it sheds radiance upon a bloody form, and makes the other men understand sometimes that they are little.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant, The Orderly-Sergeant
Page Number: 654
Explanation and Analysis:

As the wounded officer passed from the line of battle, he was enabled to see many things which as a participant in the fight were unknown to him. He saw a general on a black horse gazing over the lines of blue infantry at the green woods which veiled his problems. An aide galloped furiously, dragged his horse suddenly to a halt, saluted, and presented a paper. It was, for a wonder, precisely like a historical painting.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant
Related Symbols: The Forest
Page Number: 654
Explanation and Analysis:

The battery swept in curves that stirred the heart; it made halts as dramatic as the crash of a wave on the rocks, and when it fled onward this aggregation of wheels, levers, motors had a beautiful unity, as if it were a missile. The sound of it was a war chorus that reached into the depths of man’s emotion.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant
Page Number: 654
Explanation and Analysis:

In fact, these men, no longer having part in the battle, knew more of it than others. They told the performance of every corps, every division, the opinion of every general. The lieutenant, carrying his wounded arm rearward, looked upon them with wonder.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant
Page Number: 655
Explanation and Analysis:

He appropriated the lieutenant and the lieutenant’s wound. He cut the sleeve and laid bare the arm, every nerve of which softly fluttered under his touch. He bound his handkerchief over the wound, scolding away in the meantime. His tone allowed one to think that he was in the habit of being wounded every day. The lieutenant hung his head, feeling, in this presence, that he did not know how to be correctly wounded.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant, The Officer
Page Number: 655
Explanation and Analysis:

He seemed possessed suddenly of a great contempt for the lieutenant. This wound evidently placed the latter on a very low social plane. The doctor cried out impatiently: “What mutton-head had tied it up that way anyhow?” The lieutenant answered, “Oh, a man.”

Related Characters: The Lieutenant (speaker), The Surgeon (speaker), The Officer
Page Number: 655
Explanation and Analysis:

“Let go of me,” said the lieutenant, holding back wrathfully, his glance fixed upon the door of the old schoolhouse, as sinister to him as the portals of death.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant (speaker), The Surgeon
Related Symbols: The Schoolhouse
Page Number: 656
Explanation and Analysis:

And this is the story of how the lieutenant lost his arm. When he reached home, his sisters, his mother, his wife, sobbed for a long time at the sight of the flat sleeve.

Related Characters: The Lieutenant, The Lieutenant’s Family
Page Number: 656
Explanation and Analysis: