Definition of Pathos
After Eugene dies, Frank mulls over the messages of martyrdom he hears from his father and his communion teacher in a moment full of situational irony and pathos. His father claims “it’s a glorious thing to die for Ireland,” while his communion teacher insists “it’s a glorious thing to die for the Faith," but Frank is confused:
The master says it’s a glorious thing to die for the Faith and Dad says it’s a glorious thing to die for Ireland and I wonder if there’s anyone in the world who would like us to live. My brothers are dead and my sister is dead and I wonder if they died for Ireland or the Faith. Dad says they were too young to die for anything. Mam says it was disease and starvation and him never having a job. Dad says, Och, Angela, puts on his cap and goes for a long walk.
In this passage, McCourt uses hyperbole and pathos to convey Frank’s conflicted feelings for his father, Malachy Sr., despite his father’s frequent failures. Frank reflects on the early mornings he shares with his father, when Malachy Sr. is mostly still sober and attentive. He says he cannot hate him, because
Unlock with LitCharts A+How can I do that when I’m up with him early every morning with the whole world asleep? He lights the fire and makes the tea and sings to himself or reads the paper to me in a whisper that won’t wake up the rest of the family. [...] In the morning we have the world to ourselves and he never tells me I should die for Ireland.