Becoming

by

Michelle Obama

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Becoming: Chapter 13 Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
Michelle is nervous in her new job as the executive director for the Chicago chapter of a company called Public Allies. Public Allies recruits young people and gives them intensive training and mentorship before placing them in apprentice positions in community organizations and public agencies. The hope is that it will give the young recruits—the Allies—the experience and drive to continue working in the public sector.
Public Allies is a company that appeals to Michelle for two key reasons: the first is that its model is inherently optimistic, hoping that by investing in the next generation of community leaders, they will then stick with the work. In addition, it allows Michelle to invest in young people in a way that she has always felt was crucial to her own success, providing them with a path to find their own sense of fulfillment.
Themes
Optimism, Growth, and Fulfillment Theme Icon
Community, Investment, and Hard Work Theme Icon
When Michelle was offered the job, the salary was far below what she had been paid at city hall, and she literally could not afford to accept it. She starts to realize that for the people who work at non-profits like this one, often their virtue is “discreetly underwritten by privilege.” Michelle, on the other hand, can’t “be shy or embarrassed about [her] needs,” and when she expresses those needs, the organization is able to secure new funding.
Michelle begins to see how oftentimes political success, and the ability to be involved in politics at all, is underwritten by a degree of privilege. That privilege begets political power, which in turn grants more privilege. This is why, when Michelle and Barack enter the White House, she aims to make sure that more people can enjoy the same privileges that she experiences there.
Themes
Power, Privilege, and Responsibility Theme Icon
Michelle works tirelessly to set up an office and hire a small staff to support the new Allies. She also speaks with every connection Barack has to find donors and people who can support the program, including those who can host an Ally in their organization. For Michelle, the most exciting part is finding the Allies: visiting college campuses, community colleges, and urban high schools.
Michelle begins what ends up becoming a lifetime pursuit of investing in young people, a way to pay back the many educators, and her parents, who have so deeply believed in her success. Here Michelle wants to pass on that opportunity to future community leaders, bent on making their societies better.
Themes
Optimism, Growth, and Fulfillment Theme Icon
Community, Investment, and Hard Work Theme Icon
Quickly, Michelle recruits twenty-seven Allies. Michelle hosts development workshops and helps the Allies sort through any issues they might be having at their new positions. She celebrates their progress and when they’re late or not taking their work seriously, she lets them know she expects better. Over Michelle’s several years in the job, she is amazed to see how many people have remained in the non-profit world, and that Public Allies is still going strong. She feels that the work is truly meaningful.
Michelle provides key investment personally to the Allies—holding them accountable for their mistakes and lauding their success, in order to encourage their hard work. And, by investing in these young people, Michelle is able to find her own sense of growth and fulfillment because she sees these young people perpetuating the optimism that she finds so crucial in the world.
Themes
Optimism, Growth, and Fulfillment Theme Icon
Community, Investment, and Hard Work Theme Icon
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Barack, meanwhile, finds his own purpose. He teaches a class on racism and the law at the University of Chicago Law School and works during the day at his law firm. He is also writing the second draft of his book. Dreams from My Father is published in the summer of 1995. It gets good reviews but sells only modestly. Still, it allows Barack to come to a kind of peace with his own scattered identity.
Dreams from My Father will become much more popular when Barack’s political career becomes more nationally recognized, but its publication this early in his life serves as an important benchmark, demonstrating how much thought Barack has already put into questions of race and politics.
Themes
Race, Gender, and Politics Theme Icon
In Chicago, political chatter starts to kick up. A sitting U.S. Congressman is under investigation for sex crimes, and a state senator named Alice Palmer intends to run, leaving her own seat vacant. Barack asks Michelle what she thinks about his running for the seat. She writes that, as with every time he asks her this question, the answer is largely the same. She doesn’t appreciate politicians and doesn’t love the idea of Barack becoming one, thinking that he is too good of a person to get muddled in politics.
Again, Michelle’s dislike of politics is reflective of the fact that minorities have largely been marginalized by politicians and their policies. Additionally, at this point in the country’s history, politicians are (and will continue to be) mostly white and male, and often appear more interested in power than in progress, which is the true opposite of Barack.
Themes
Optimism, Growth, and Fulfillment Theme Icon
Race, Gender, and Politics Theme Icon
Power, Privilege, and Responsibility Theme Icon
Michelle doesn’t want to dissuade Barack from his belief that he enact change, however, so she gives her approval. Barack is elected to the Illinois state senate in November 1996, though during the campaign, tragedy struck. Barack’s mother Ann died quite unexpectedly, and his inability to say goodbye to her had “crushed him.” Michelle describes how Ann had introduced him to “the richness of literature and the power of a well-reasoned argument.”
Michelle again highlights how Barack’s mother, just like her own parents, played an important role in Barack’s education and his success. She invested her own love of learning and arguing in him, which led him to be so successful in law school and beyond.
Themes
Community, Investment, and Hard Work Theme Icon
After Barack is elected, every Monday through Thursday he stays at a hotel in Springfield before returning for the weekend and having a date night with Michelle on Friday. Michelle sees this as “a golden time” for the balance in their marriage, when they both are pursuing their own interests and sense of purpose.
Michelle’s description of this period as “a golden time” in the balance of their partnership foreshadows the eventual change in this dynamic, when Michelle must compromise a lot more of her life for Barack’s political ambitions.
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Marriage, Parenthood, and Work Theme Icon
Barack is an eager state senator, quickly introducing many new bills that get picked off by the Republican-controlled chamber. Still, Michelle sees that he is “strangely suited to the tussle of lawmaking.” He remains hopeful that some part of his vision will manage to win out.
Barack’s optimism not only becomes a key part of his platform and the reason he gains supporters, but it also enables him to remain hopeful through his political losses when he governs.
Themes
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As Barack gets accustomed to politics, Michelle takes a new job at the University Chicago, where Art Sussman is looking for an associate dean to focus on community relations. Having grown up on the South Side, Michelle knows that it is important work to try to make the university more accessible to the neighborhood and vice versa.
Michelle, who now lives a life of relative privilege compared to the one she had growing up, understands that she has a responsibility to make some of that privilege more accessible to those who do not have it.
Themes
Power, Privilege, and Responsibility Theme Icon
In addition to the sense of purpose Michelle gets from the job, there are also more practical reasons to take it: better pay, more reasonable hours, and good health-care benefits. This will prove particularly important, because Michelle and Barack are trying to get pregnant, and it isn’t going well.
Taking the job for better health-care benefits signals Michelle’s first real effort to balance her work priorities (and what she wants out of a job) with her priority of becoming a mother.
Themes
Marriage, Parenthood, and Work Theme Icon
As months go on and Michelle and Barack are unable to get pregnant, they try to make adjustments in their schedules to optimize their chances. But nothing seems to work. They have one pregnancy test come back positive, but Michelle has a miscarriage shortly after. She comments on the fact that many women have miscarriages, but there is so much silence around the issue because it can feel like a personal failure—which, she assures readers, it is not.
The stigma around both the inability to get pregnant and having a miscarriage is yet another form of gender inequality, one which exacerbates the emotional toll of trying to get pregnant. Michelle understands that many women feel a sense of personal failure for having a miscarriage or not getting pregnant, despite that these issues are quite common and are not anyone’s fault.
Themes
Race, Gender, and Politics Theme Icon
Michelle and Barack see a fertility doctor, who says he cannot discern any biological issues. He then recommends in vitro fertilization, which Michelle largely undergoes alone because of Barack’s schedule. Michelle is frustrated, feeling “the acute burden of being female.” Barack only has to provide some sperm, but Michelle has to go in to the doctor for daily ultrasounds, blood drawings, and cervix inspections. They both want a family, but it is Michelle who will have to put her passions and career on hold. Still, she knows, this is the sacrifice that is required to get something else that she desperately wants: children.
As the couple tries to get pregnant—and eventually does—Michelle understands how the compromises and sacrifices that each of them will have to make are not equal because of their respective sexes. Michelle will have to compromise a lot more between her career and the desire to have kids because she is a woman. She finds this frustrating, particularly as someone who feels strongly about gender equality.
Themes
Race, Gender, and Politics Theme Icon
Marriage, Parenthood, and Work Theme Icon
Quotes
Eight weeks later, Michelle becomes pregnant. All resentment Michelle felt is gone, and she even feels that pregnancy is a privilege: “the gift of being female.” She and Barack are both bright with optimism and promise for the baby that she is carrying. Michelle has baby Malia on July 4, 1998.
Even though having children forces Michelle to make some sacrifices, she and Barack both know that they are sacrifices she truly wants to make. Michelle also demonstrates how having children is an inherently optimistic endeavor, as doing so comes with the “promise” of a new life.
Themes
Optimism, Growth, and Fulfillment Theme Icon