Berenice
by Edgar Allan Poe
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Egaeus Character Analysis

Egaeus is the narrator and main character of this story. As a narrator, Egaeus is unreliable due to his self-professed mental illness. Egaeus does not share his family’s last name with the audience, implying that because his family is so ancient and well-respected, sharing their last name might tarnish their reputation. Egaeus was born in his family library (this also where his mother died) and he believes that’s why he was always so studious and introspective even as a small child. Egaeus also believes that he had a past life, the evidence of which is in the “remembrance of aerial forms—of spiritual and meaning eyes.” Presumably the only child of his parents, Egaeus was raised alongside his beautiful cousin, Berenice. Although he claims he never loved her, he was always interested in her as an object of study because of their striking differences. This interest only intensifies as Berenice falls ill with “a species of epilepsy,” and he becomes engaged to her to make her happy. Around the same time as Berenice becomes ill, Egaeus experiences a mental “stagnation” that grows into a mental illness of a “monomaniac character” that causes him to fixate on and obsess over minute details such as shadows or something in the margin of a book. One night, shortly before he is supposed to marry Berenice, he sees her smile at him and becomes obsessed with her teeth. As he fights the overwhelming desire to possess them, a maid finds Berenice unconscious and, believing her dead, tells Egaeus. Once Berenice is buried, Egaeus’s desire for her teeth eclipses his reason, and he exhumes her body and removes all of her teeth. Shortly after that, Egaeus regains consciousness in the library, but doesn’t remember what he did until the “menial” comes into the room and shows him.

Egaeus Quotes in Berenice

The Berenice quotes below are all either spoken by Egaeus or refer to Egaeus. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
).

Berenice Quotes

How is it that from beauty I have derived a type of unloveliness?—from the covenant of peace, a simile of sorrow? But, as in ethics, evil is a consequence of good, so, in fact, out of joy is sorrow born. Either the memory of past bliss is the anguish of to-day, or the agonies which are, have their origin in the ecstasies which might have been.

Related Characters: Egaeus (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 171
Explanation and Analysis:
In the first paragraph of this story, the narrator, Egaeus (who will soon establish himself as unreliable due to his serious mental illness), sets the tone for the rest of the story. He tells his audience that he is the one who “derived a type of unloveliness” from beauty, immediately portraying himself as the villain of the story. He also describes the “agonies which are,” which further indicates that this story is being told well after the events that make up the plot. The “agonies” that Egaeus is preparing to describe have a root in “the ecstasies which might have Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti

Here died my mother. Herein I was born. But it is mere idleness to say that I had not lived before—that the soul has no previous existence.

Related Characters: Egaeus (speaker)
Related Symbols: The Library
Page Number and Citation: 171
Explanation and Analysis:
Immediately after introducing himself and giving some vague details of his family history, Egaeus introduces the audience to his belief in reincarnation. More specifically, he asserts that he himself is living proof that reincarnation is real and undeniable. This establishes that, in this story, death is not a fixed, permanent thing that can easily be understood. Egaeus goes on to describe some dim memories he has of voices, forms, and eyes that he believes were left over from whatever life his soul had before it became his. His unconventional views of death seem to be at least partially fueled by Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et

The realities of the world affected me as visions, and as visions only, while the wild ideas of the land of dreams became, in turn—not the material of my every-day existence—but in very deed that existence utterly and solely in itself.

Related Characters: Egaeus (speaker)
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 171-172
Explanation and Analysis:
Egaeus provides some important clues here about his mental illness, which he has already described as a sort of “stagnation” that cut down his intellectual development while he was still a young man. Egaeus was born in the family library and he prefers to spend his time in there rather than anywhere else, and it would seem, with this passage, that spending so much time around the intangible has made the tangible less real to him. That is, Egaeus cannot trust his judgment because, to him, “realities” seem more like “visions” and “dreams” become his reality. Not only can Egaeus Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendi

I ill of health and buried in gloom—she agile, graceful, and overflowing with energy; hers the ramble on the hill-side—mine the studies of the cloister; I living within my own heart, and addicted body and soul to the most intense and painful meditation—she roaming carelessly through life, with no thought of the shadows in her path, or the silent flight of the raven-winged hours.

Related Characters: Egaeus (speaker), Berenice
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 172
Explanation and Analysis:
Egaeus introduces his cousin, Berenice, to the story. They grew up together in Egeaus’s family home, but it is not clear why Berenice is there or what happened to her parents. What is clear is that these two cousins could not be more different. Berenice is evidently the one ray of light in the dark and gloomy halls of Egaeus’s family mansion, and although he doesn’t say it explicitly, it’s clear that he is drawn to her because of this difference and possibly even envious of her ability to find happiness despite the darkness surrounding them. Right away, it’s clear Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro per

Disease—a fatal disease—fell like the simoom upon her frame, and even while I gazed upon her, the spirit of change swept over her, pervading her mind, her habits, and her character, and, in a manner the most subtle and terrible, disturbing even the identity of her person! […] I knew her not—or knew her no longer as Berenice!

Related Characters: Egaeus (speaker), Berenice
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 172
Explanation and Analysis:
Egaeus had always been interested in his cousin as something to be observed and thought about, particularly because they were such different people. Knowing this, it’s clear he couldn’t fail to be interested in the way physical disease came to transform her body and dominate her mind. He says the disease “fell like a simoom” (a simoom is a very hot and intense wind that carries dust over the Sahara and countries like Syria and Jordan), which indicates that it advanced rapidly and completely distorted the landscape of her mind and body. Egaeus states that he “gazed upon her” and Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ip

The undue, earnest, and morbid attention thus excited by objects in their own nature frivolous, must not be confounded in character with that ruminating propensity common to all mankind, and more especially indulged in by persons of ardent imagination.

Related Characters: Egaeus (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 173
Explanation and Analysis:
Egaeus has already described his mental illness as “monomaniac” and explained that, because of this, he spends an excessive amount of time studying “frivolous” details and ideas, such as the flame from a candle or the sound a word makes as he says it over and over again, “monotonously.” It is clear that Egaeus is anxious to make his audience understand that his mind is not healthy and that his obsessive thoughts are not just an overactive imagination or a tendency to take daydreaming too far. Egaeus describes his fixations on “frivolous” objects as “morbid,” meaning it’s crossed the line Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae ear

True to its own character, my disorder reveled in the less important but more startling changes wrought in the physical frame of Berenice—in the singular and most appalling distortion of her personal identity.

Related Characters: Egaeus (speaker), Berenice
Page Number and Citation: 174
Explanation and Analysis:
Egaeus has stated that Berenice’s disease had a profound effect on both her mental and physical being, and he acknowledges that one might think the changes to her mental being and personality would provide the most inspiration for his obsessive thoughts. However, Egaeus is actually preoccupied with what is happening to her body rather than her mind. He obsesses over the way little changes intensify into major ones over time, even though he also recognizes that the changes to her mind are more important, having experienced firsthand the devastating effects a deteriorating mind can have on one’s sense of self-worth. Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendi

During the brightest days of her unparalleled beauty, most surely I had never loved her. In the strange anomaly of my existence, feelings with me, had never been of the heart, and my passions always were of the mind.

Related Characters: Egaeus (speaker), Berenice
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 174
Explanation and Analysis:
Egaeus asserts that he had never loved Berenice, and in fact that he never felt strong emotion about anyone or anything. Because of his unreliability, however, there is reason to believe that he did have deep feelings for Berenice and was repressing his romantic or sexual desire for her because he believed it was wrong, an idea he would have gotten from the “monastic” studies of his childhood. Egaeus no doubt sees himself as an impassive intellectual (this is confirmed by his statement that his “feelings” and “passions” were all of “the mind” rather than “the heart”), and his sexual Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aper

I shuddered as I assigned to them in imagination a sensitive and sentient power, and even when unassisted by the lips, a capability of moral expression. […] I felt that their possession alone could ever restore me to peace, in giving me back to reason.

Related Characters: Egaeus (speaker), Berenice
Related Symbols: Berenice’s Teeth
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 175
Explanation and Analysis:
Shortly before their wedding, Berenice appears before Egaeus and smiles at him, revealing the one part of her body that has not been touched by her disease: her teeth. Egaeus develops an unhealthy obsession with them: they are perfectly arranged and immaculately white and completely untarnished. Egaeus “shuddered” as he thought about them, evidently realizing that his thoughts were going beyond the bounds of reason and probably even exceeding the usual limits of what he’s come to expect from his “monomaniac” thoughts. In Egaeus’s mind, Berenice’s teeth do not need “the lips” to be capable of “moral expression,” meaning that Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque o

With a shriek I bounded to the table, and grasped the box that lay upon it. But I could not force it open; and in my tremor it slipped from my hands, and fell heavily, and burst into pieces; and from it, with a rattling sound, there rolled out some instruments of dental surgery, intermingled with thirty-two small, white, and ivory-looking substances that were scattered to and fro about the floor.

Related Characters: Egaeus (speaker), Berenice
Related Symbols: Berenice’s Teeth
Page Number and Citation: 177
Explanation and Analysis:
Berenice is mistaken for dead and buried quickly, but Egaeus retains very little memory of this, and awakens into consciousness alone in his library with the dim sense that he has done something horrible that he can’t remember. As he tries to put the pieces together, a servant tells him that Berenice was found in her grave, alive but mutilated. Dissociative episodes, along with amnesia, are common symptoms of Egaeus’s mental illness, according to Egaeus himself. This would explain why he does not remember what he has done when he returns to lucidity. The “shriek” he lets out as he Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Ac
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Egaeus Character Timeline in Berenice

The timeline below shows where the character Egaeus appears in Berenice. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Berenice
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
The narrator shares that his “baptismal name” is Egaeus, but he does not share his family name. Egaeus does note that his ancestral home... (full context)
Death and Resurrection Theme Icon
Egaeus describes the particular connection he has with his home’s library. It was the room in... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Death and Resurrection Theme Icon
Egaeus describes his birth as “awaking from the long night of what seemed, but was not.”... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Repressed Sexuality Theme Icon
Egaeus introduces Berenice, a cousin whom he grew up with in his family home. While Egaeus... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Death and Resurrection Theme Icon
Berenice suffers from a number of symptoms connected to one “primary” disease, but Egaeus says the most worrisome one is that she sometimes falls into a “trance” that looks... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Death and Resurrection Theme Icon
Repressed Sexuality Theme Icon
As Berenice’s disease worsens, Egaeus says that his own disease (which he “shall call […] by no other appellation”) also... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Egaeus describes how his monomania forces him to “muse for long unwearied hours” on mundane objects... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Egaeus differentiates between the “undue, earnest, and morbid attention” he pays to things that are “frivolous”... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Egaeus notes that the reader must believe that, “shaken from its balance” and taken hold of... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Repressed Sexuality Theme Icon
Egaeus asserts that even when Berenice was young and extremely beautiful, he never loved her. He... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Repressed Sexuality Theme Icon
Shortly before their wedding date, Egaeus describes sitting in his library when Berenice enters and stands in front of him. Her... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Death and Resurrection Theme Icon
The sound of the door shutting snaps Egaeus out of his thoughts and he notices that Berenice has left. However, in the “disordered... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Death and Resurrection Theme Icon
Egaeus spends the rest of the night, the next day, and the beginning of the next... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Egaeus says he “[finds] himself” sitting in the library alone, feeling as if he has just... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Death and Resurrection Theme Icon
Egaeus notes that, sitting next to him, there is a lamp and a small box. He... (full context)
Death and Resurrection Theme Icon
...knocks on the door and comes in looking white as a ghost and very scared. Egaeus only hears him talk in “broken sentences” about someone hearing a scream at night and... (full context)
Mental Illness and Physical Disease Theme Icon
Death and Resurrection Theme Icon
Repressed Sexuality Theme Icon
The servant then points out to Egaeus that his clothes are “muddy and clotted with gore,” that there are human nail marks... (full context)