Blues for Mister Charlie
by James Baldwin
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Christianity and Oppression Theme Analysis

Themes and Colors
Racism and Individuality  Theme Icon
Masculinity Theme Icon
Christianity and Oppression Theme Icon
Sexuality and Love Theme Icon
Money and Opportunity Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Blues for Mister Charlie, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Christianity and Oppression Theme Icon
Christianity and Oppression Theme Icon

Blues for Mister Charlie represents the Black Christian church as a locus for nonviolent resistance against racism, yet it also suggests that Christian teachings encourage Black Christians to endure without retaliation more oppression than they should have while bolstering racist attitudes among white people. Thus, the play portrays Christianity as a double-edged sword, both helping and hurting the cause for racial justice. The play suggests throughout that Black churches play an important role in anti-racist protesting: in the unnamed U.S. Southern town where the play’s action occurs, a Black Christian minister named Meridian Henry organizes protests out of his church, and various pieces of dialogue imply that Christian prayer is often integrated into the protests. Yet at the same time, Meridian openly wonders whether the Christian teachings of nonviolence and “turn[ing] the other cheek” has led Black Christians to patiently endure racist oppression when they ought to have been protecting themselves—with violence if necessary. Meanwhile, the town’s Christian white minister, Reverend Phelps, uses his religious authority to preach racism, claiming that Black people who protest for social equality have “turned away from God.” In this way, the play gives a nuanced perspective on the intersection of Christianity and equality, in which Christianity is neither a wholly positive nor a wholly negative force in the fight for racial justice.

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Christianity and Oppression ThemeTracker

The ThemeTracker below shows where, and to what degree, the theme of Christianity and Oppression appears in each act of Blues for Mister Charlie. Click or tap on any chapter to read its Summary & Analysis.
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Christianity and Oppression Quotes in Blues for Mister Charlie

Below you will find the important quotes in Blues for Mister Charlie related to the theme of Christianity and Oppression.

Act 1 Quotes

Lorenzo: Mother Henry, I got a lot of respect for you and all that, and for Meridian too, but that white man’s God is white. It’s that damn white God that’s been lynching us and burning us and castrating us and raping our women and robbing us of everything that makes a man a man for all these hundreds of years. Now, why we sitting around here, in His house?

Related Characters: Lorenzo Shannon (speaker), Meridian Henry, Mother Henry
Page Number and Citation: 4
Explanation and Analysis:
Lorenzo Shannon, a Black college student who protests for racial justice during the African-American civil rights movement, is questioning why two other racial-justice protestors—elderly Mother Henry and her son, Christian minister Meridian Henry—continue to be devout Christians and to organize protests for racial justice out of the Christian God’s “house,” i.e. a church. Lorenzo is not speaking literally when he calls the Christian God “that damn white God” and claims that the Christian God has been “lynching,” “burning,” “castrating,” “raping,” and “robbing” Black people for “hundreds of years.” Rather, Lorenzo is indirectly pointing out that many African American Christians are Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus

Juanita: And then you wouldn’t be any better than they are.

Lorenzo: I don’t want to be better than they are, why should I be better than they are? And better at what? Better at being a doormat, better at being a corpse?

Related Characters: Lorenzo Shannon (speaker), Juanita Harmon (speaker)
Related Symbols: Guns
Page Number and Citation: 4
Explanation and Analysis:
Racial-justice protestor Lorenzo has just expressed a desire to commit public violence against the Christian God, whom he considers a racially white God responsible for white violence against Black people. Another protestor, Juanita, retorts that such violence would mean that Lorenzo wasn’t “any better than they [i.e. violent white people] are.” Juanita’s claim suggests that oppressed people should care about being “better” than their oppressors—about maintaining the moral high ground and avoiding culpable violence. This idea, among others, animates the implicitly Christian ideals of nonviolent resistance that the protestors in the play are currently following. Lorenzo rejects the Christian ideal Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum e

Meridian: Of course, if you go back far enough, you get to a point before Christ, if you see what I mean, B.C.—and at that point, I’ve been thinking, black people weren’t raised to turn the other cheek, and in the hope of heaven. No, then they didn’t have to take low. Before Christ. They walked around just as good as anybody else, and when they died, they didn’t go to heaven, they went to join their ancestors.

Related Characters: Meridian Henry (speaker), Parnell James, Richard Henry, Lyle Britten
Page Number and Citation: 38
Explanation and Analysis:
After Lyle murders Richard, Meridian—who has been organizing nonviolent protests for racial justice—talks to his white friend Parnell James about whether Christian-inflected pacifism is really the right approach to fighting for racial justice. The phrase “turn the other cheek” refers to the Sermon on the Mount, in which Jesus Christ advises his followers not to return violence for violence: “If anyone slaps you on the right cheek, turn to them the other cheek also” (Matthew 5:39). When Meridian says that Black people have been “raised” in Christian nonviolence “in the hope of heaven,” he means that Christianity teaches that people Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferend

Act 2 Quotes

Lillian: I wouldn’t filthy my hands with that Communist sheet!

Parnell: Ah? But the father of your faith, the cornerstone of that church of which you are so precious an adornment, was a communist, possibly the first.

Related Characters: Parnell James (speaker), Richard Henry, Lyle Britten, Jo Britten
Page Number and Citation: 52
Explanation and Analysis:
After Parnell enters Jo and Lyle’s house, where white townspeople have gathered to support Lyle in anticipation of his arrest for the murder of Richard Henry, various white townspeople criticize Parnell for his relatively progressive racial politics. When one woman named Lillian accuses the newspaper Parnell runs of being “Communist,” Parnell retorts that “the father of [her] faith,” i.e. Jesus Christ, “was a communist, possibly the first.” The exchange between Lillian and Parnell reveals the narrow-mindedness and hypocrisy of the town’s nominally Christian white population. The play, which was published in 1964, takes place during the Cold War (1947–1991), decades Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Accusantium iusto voluptas. Totam quae corporis. Impedit non ut. Incidunt rerum est. Aperiam doloremque eum. Animi soluta perspiciatis. Ut minima autem. Modi omnis iure

Act 3 Quotes

Meridian: I don’t think that the alleged object was my son’s type at all!

The State: And you are a minister?

Meridian: I think I may be beginning to become one.

Related Characters: The State (speaker), Meridian Henry (speaker), Richard Henry, Lyle Britten
Related Symbols: Photos
Page Number and Citation: 105
Explanation and Analysis:
At Lyle’s trial for Richard’s murder, Lyle’s defense attorney, called The State, attempts to get Lyle acquitted by prejudicing the jury against Richard in various ways—essentially putting Richard’s character on trial. While questioning Meridian, the State asks Meridian whether Richard ever showed him pornographic photos of white women—a clear attempt to activate racist stereotypes about predatory Black men interested in white women—and then accuses Richard of having attempted to rape Lyle’s wife Jo. Meridian, aware that the accusation is a ridiculous lie, mockingly replies: “I don’t think the alleged object [i.e. Jo] was my son’s type at all!” By ridiculing Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetu