Breath, Eyes, Memory
by Edwidge Danticat

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Martine Caco Character Analysis

Sophie’s mother. After giving birth to Sophie in her teens, Martine left for New York in order to pursue a better life for herself and her daughter, promising to send for Sophie when the time was right. When Sophie is finally summoned to Brooklyn, she is 12, and leaving the familiarity and comfort—but also the violence and strife—she’s come to know in Haiti is a jarring adjustment. Sophie adjusts to living with Martine, whom she is supposed to love but views only as a stranger. Sophie cares for Martine through Martine’s chronic night terrors and joins her at her job during her long hours as a nurse. In effect, Sophie sustains Martine emotionally as Martine continues to reckon with the enduring trauma of the rape that created Sophie in the first place. Martine’s personality becomes increasingly controlling as Sophie grows older, turns 18, and begins exploring her feelings and sexuality—she starts testing Sophie’s virginity, just as her own mother, Granmè Ifé, tested her, insisting that there are some secrets Sophie cannot and will not keep from her mother. After Sophie mutilates her own vagina, leading Martine to believe she has lost her virginity, Martine kicks Sophie out of the house, and the two don’t speak for many years. When they reunite years later in Haiti, Sophie has grown up and developed a sense of sympathy for her mother’s difficult lot in life. Martine and Sophie decide to start from scratch and begin a new chapter in their relationship. However, when Martine tells Sophie that she is pregnant once again with the child of her longtime boyfriend, Marc, her rapidly-destabilizing mental state begins to worry Sophie. Martine, convinced that she is unfit to carry or raise another child, begins experiencing auditory hallucinations in which her fetus speaks to her, and eventually kills herself and the unborn baby by stabbing herself in the stomach 17 times. Martine’s death leaves Sophie devastated—but as she returns to Haiti to bury her mother’s body, she experiences a newfound sense of freedom, wholeness, and understanding about the difficult world and painful lineage from which both she and her mother come. Neurotic, hardworking, and obsessed with sexual and emotional purity, Martine is the novel’s primary antagonist.

Martine Caco Quotes in Breath, Eyes, Memory

The Breath, Eyes, Memory quotes below are all either spoken by Martine Caco or refer to Martine Caco . For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Mothers, Daughters, and Generational Trauma  Theme Icon
).

Chapter 1 Quotes

[Tante Atie] took the card from my hand. The flower nearly fell off. She pressed the tape against the short stem, forced the baby daffodil back in its place, and handed the card back to me. She did not even look inside.

“Not this year,” she said. […] “It is not mine. It is your mother’s. We must send it to your mother.

Related Characters: Tante Atie (speaker), Sophie Caco (speaker), Martine Caco
Related Symbols: Daffodils
Page Number and Citation: 7
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Sophie tries to give her Tante Atie a Mother’s Day card—Danticat suggests, through these lines, that Tante Atie (Sophie’s aunt) is the recipient of the Mother’s Day cards Sophie makes in school each year. This year, though, Tante Atie refuses the card and instead insists on sending it to Sophie’s real mother, Martine, who has been living in New York for the last 10 years of Sophie’s life. This passage signals the guilt Tante Atie feels over usurping her sister as Sophie’s primary caregiver—even though Martine left Atie in charge of Sophie when she left for America. Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Volup

Chapter 2 Quotes

Tante Atie told me that my mother loved daffodils because they grew in a place that they were not supposed to. They were really European flowers […] meant for colder climates. A long time ago, a French woman had brought them to Croix-des-Rosets. […] A strain of daffodils had grown that could withstand the heat, but they were the color of pumpkins, […] as though they had acquired a bronze tinge from the skin of the natives who had adopted them.

Related Characters: Sophie Caco (speaker), Tante Atie, Martine Caco
Related Symbols: Daffodils
Page Number and Citation: 20
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage expounds upon the significance of daffodils as a major symbol within the novel. Daffodils grow in Haiti despite their incompatibility with the climate—they therefore represent the need to adapt even in the most difficult situations, and offer some hope that such difficult changes and concessions are possible. Daffodils were carried from their “home” to a new land, where they took root and flourished in spite of being unsuited to their new surroundings. As Sophie prepares to travel to America to live with her estranged mother, Martine she realizes she must be like a daffodil—able to grow strong, change, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores.

Chapter 6 Quotes

Ou byen? Are you all right?” I asked her.

She shook her head yes.

“It is the night,” she said. “Sometimes, I see horrible visions in my sleep. […] Don’t worry, it will pass,” she said, avoiding my eye. “I will be fine. I always am. The nightmares, they come and go.”

Related Characters: Sophie Caco (speaker), Martine Caco (speaker)
Related Symbols: Dreams and Night Terrors
Page Number and Citation: 45-46
Explanation and Analysis:
When Sophie arrives in New York to live with her mother, Martine, she quickly realizes that while her mother is supposed to be the one taking care of her, Sophie herself is, in actuality, going to need to be the one to take care of her mother. Martine is nervous, fragile, and, as Sophie discovers on her first night in her mother’s Brooklyn apartment, plagued by “horrible visions.” Sophie doesn’t yet know the source of these visions, or night terrors—but this passage gives several clues about their nature. When Martine tells Sophie about her night terrors, she says they “will Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus qu

Chapter 8 Quotes

“You’re a good girl, aren’t you? […] You understand my right to ask as your mother, don’t you? […] When I was a girl, my mother used to test us to see if we were virgins. She would put her finger in our very private parts and see if it would go inside. Your Tante Atie […] used to scream like a pig in a slaughterhouse. The way my mother was raised, a mother is supposed to do that to her daughter until the daughter is married. It is her responsibility to keep her pure.”

Related Characters: Martine Caco (speaker), Sophie Caco, Tante Atie, Granmè Ifé
Page Number and Citation: 58
Explanation and Analysis:
As Sophie’s first summer in New York comes to an end and she prepares to start the school year, her mother, Martine, asks her if she’s going to be a “good girl” and stay away from the American boys at school. Martine asserts that it is her “right” to know certain intimate detail about her daughter, and explains that this right is part of a long legacy of mothers “testing” their daughters’ virginities by physically violating their “private parts.” Though Martine describes a horrible, traumatic invasion of privacy as she tells Sophie about the testing, Martine nonetheless asserts that mothers Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum.

Chapter 11 Quotes

As she tested me, to distract me, she told me, “The Marasas were two inseparable lovers. They were the same person, duplicated in two. […] What vail lovers they were, those Marasas. Admiring one another for being so much alike… When you love someone, you want him to be closer to you than your Marasa. Closer than your shadow. […] You would leave me for an old man who you didn’t know the year before. You and I we could be like Marasas. You are giving up a lifetime with me. Do you understand? There are secrets you cannot keep.”

Related Characters: Martine Caco (speaker), Sophie Caco, Joseph
Page Number and Citation: 83-84
Explanation and Analysis:
This quotation, spoken by Martine in order to “distract” Sophie as she “tests” her daughter’s virginity for the first time (by inserting her finger into Sophie’s vagina), represents a turning point in the novel, and offers a stream-of-consciousness look at the mechanisms of generational trauma, virginity’s connection to violence, the failed concept of a “home,” and the power of storytelling and memory. All of the novel’s major themes are encompassed in this paragraph as Martine almost desperately tries to justify what she’s doing and convince Sophie to stay under her care forever, even as she performs an act of sexual Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Accusantium iusto voluptas. Totam quae corporis. Impedit non ut. Incidunt rerum est. Aperiam doloremque eum. Animi soluta perspiciatis. Ut minima autem. Modi omnis iure. Sint qui qui. Qui similique praesentium. Ex consequatur magnam. Aliquid iste enim. Sequi aut maxime. Adipisci vo

Chapter 12 Quotes

The story goes that there was once a woman who walked around with blood constantly spurting out of her unbroken skin. This went on for twelve long years. […] Finally, the woman got tired and said she was going to see Erzulie. […] After her consultation, it became apparent to the woman what she would have to do. If she wanted to stop bleeding, she would have to give up her right to be a human being. She could choose what to be, a plant or an animal, but she could no longer be a woman. […]

“Make me a butterfly,” she told Erzulie.

Related Characters: Sophie Caco (speaker), Joseph, Martine Caco
Page Number and Citation: 86
Explanation and Analysis:
As Martine continues to “test” Sophie’s virginity night after night by physically violating her genitalia, Sophie’s mental state starts to weaken. She becomes ashamed of herself, withdrawn, and fearful—she rejects her boyfriend, Joseph, because she is afraid that Martine’s abuse will worsen if she finds out that they have continued their relationship against her wishes. One night, while Martine is out of the house, Sophie takes a pestle from the kitchen up to her bedroom and thinks of this story she heard in her youth. The story represents the difficult choice Sophie must make. Sophie is, effectively, the woman with Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nis

Chapter 13 Quotes

“Who would have imagined it?” [Tante Atie] said. “The precious one has your manman’s black face. She looks more like Martine’s child than yours.”

Related Characters: Tante Atie (speaker), Sophie Caco, Brigitte, Martine Caco
Page Number and Citation: 99
Explanation and Analysis:
In this quotation, Tante Atie looks at Sophie’s infant daughter, Brigitte, for the first time—and is stunned by what she sees. As she remarks that Brigitte looks “more like Martine’s child” than she does Sophie’s, Danticat engages with the theme of mothers, daughters, and generational trauma. Sophie’s great fear as a mother is the fear of passing down the trauma that has, for generations, trickled down through the women of her family. Sophie has been trying to work on her own trauma and ensure that she doesn’t unwittingly bring such misery into Brigitte’s life—but when Tante Atie makes this statement, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam o

Chapter 19 Quotes

I had spent two days in the hospital in Providence and four weeks with stitches between my legs. Joseph could never understand why I had done something so horrible to myself. I could not explain to him that it was like breaking manacles, an act of freedom.

Related Characters: Sophie Caco (speaker), Martine Caco , Joseph
Page Number and Citation: 127-128
Explanation and Analysis:
As Sophie reflects on the violent way in which she “took” her own “virginity” by mutilating her vagina with a pestle, she admits that the “horrible” act must be alienating and incomprehensible to some people. Sophie, however, defends what she did to herself in spite of the physical and emotional pain it added to her life. Convincing Martine that she was no longer pure was the only way to free herself from the virginity “testing” that Martine inflicted on her—and yet Sophie was unable to actually go through with the act of losing her virginity while still under her mother’s Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem ac

Chapter 26 Quotes

“The new lady,” [Eliab] said, “does she belong to you?”

“Sometimes I claim her,” I said, “sometimes I do not.”

Related Characters: Eliab (speaker), Sophie Caco (speaker), Martine Caco , Joseph
Page Number and Citation: 169
Explanation and Analysis:
After Sophie has been in Haiti for a while, her mother sends a cassette to Granmè Ifé—on it, she states that Sophie’s husband, Joseph, is concerned about her, since Sophie told no one where she was going or why. Granmè Ifé replies to Martine’s message, telling her of Sophie’s whereabouts, and soon after Martine arrives in Haiti to visit her relatives and collect Sophie. As Martine lays eyes on her mother for the first time in years, she doesn’t know whether or not she should “claim” her. Martine is the source of so much of Sophie’s pain, trauma, and suffering—at Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi

“I did it,” she said, “because my mother had done it to me. I have no greater excuse. I realize standing her that the two greatest pains of my life are very much related. The one good thing about being raped was that it made the testing stop. The testing and the rape. I live both every day.”

Related Characters: Martine Caco (speaker), Sophie Caco, Granmè Ifé
Page Number and Citation: 172-173
Explanation and Analysis:
When Sophie asks Martine to explain, once and for all, why she “tested” Sophie’s virginity even after seeing the ways in which testing negatively impacted Tante Atie and Martine herself, Martine answers as truthfully as she can. She explains that she used the “excuse” of her mother having done it to her to justify doing it to Sophie. Danticat uses this statement, an admission of guilt, to show how generational trauma persists through the years, preying upon its own victims and turning them into perpetrators. Martine understood what testing would do to her daughter—but perhaps out of vengeance, anger, or Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus co

Chapter 29 Quotes

After Joseph and I got married, all through the first year I had suicidal thoughts. Some nights I woke up in a cold sweat wondering if my mother’s anxiety was somehow hereditary or if it was something that I had “caught” from living with her. Her nightmares had somehow become my own. […] I looked back at my daughter, who was sleeping peacefully. […] The fact that she could sleep meant that she had no nightmares, and maybe, would never become a frightened insomniac like my mother and me.

Related Characters: Sophie Caco (speaker), Joseph, Martine Caco , Brigitte
Related Symbols: Dreams and Night Terrors
Page Number and Citation: 196
Explanation and Analysis:
As Sophie, freshly returned from Haiti, drives her daughter, Brigitte, back to their home in Providence, Rhode Island, she looks back on her sleeping daughter. Sophie hopes that Brigitte’s peacefulness while dreaming is a sign that she has not inherited the trauma, pain, and fear that have defined the lives of so many Caco women. Sophie is hyperaware of the ways in which trauma is passed on—wittingly or unwittingly—from generation to generation, and is terrified of imbuing her daughter’s life with the same pain and suffering that Martine brought into hers. Sophie hopes that she can break the cycle of Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. De

Chapter 30 Quotes

“My grandmother was preparing her funeral,” I said. “It’s a thing at home.” […]

“You called it home?” [Joseph] said. “Haiti.”

“What else would I call it?”

“You have never called it that since we’ve been together. Home has always been your mother’s house, that you could never go back to.”

Related Characters: Joseph (speaker), Sophie Caco (speaker), Granmè Ifé, Martine Caco
Page Number and Citation: 198
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Sophie refers to Haiti as “home” for the first time. Joseph, her husband, points out that home as always been, to Sophie, the one place she’s been forbidden from returning—her mother’s house in Brooklyn. This passage clarifies Edwidge Danticat’s larger argument about the nature of home. She suggest that home, for most people—and especially for members of a diaspora—is a fluid state of mind rather than a physical place. Home isn’t somewhere to which a person can return, because it’s something that doesn’t really exist—home is a sense of innocence and happiness that can never be reclaimed Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore.

Chapter 32 Quotes

“Your mother never gave him a face. That’s why he’s a shadow. That’s why he can control her. I’m not surprised she’s having nightmares. […] You and your mother should both go there again and see that you can walk away from it. Even if you can never face the man who is your father, there are things that you can say to the spot where it happened. I think you’ll be free once you have your confrontation. There will be no more ghosts.”

Related Characters: Rena (speaker), Sophie Caco, Martine Caco
Related Symbols: Dreams and Night Terrors
Page Number and Citation: 214-215
Explanation and Analysis:
Sophie’s therapist, Rena, urges Sophie not to make the same mistakes her mother Martine has made—lest she suffer the same consequences her mother suffers each and every day. Rena says that in failing to confront the trauma of her past, Martine has allowed it to take control over every aspect of her life. This, Danticat suggests, is the seed of generational trauma, and the crux of why the women of the Caco family have been unable to escape the suffering passed down to them by their mothers. Rena is telling Sophie that she has a chance to make a real Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaq

Chapter 35 Quotes

“There is a place […] where the daughter is never fully a woman until her mother has passed on before her. There is always a place where, if you listen closely in the night, you will hear your mother telling a story and at the end of the tale, she will ask you this question: ‘Ou libere?’ Are you free, my daughter?”

My grandmother quickly pressed her fingers over my lips.

“Now,” she said, “you will know how to answer.”

Related Characters: Granmè Ifé (speaker), Sophie Caco (speaker), Martine Caco
Page Number and Citation: 239
Explanation and Analysis:
After burying Martine, Sophie flees her mother’s gravesite and runs into a cane field nearby, where she begins beating the stalks until her hands bleed. Her ancestors have died in cane fields, her mother was raped in a cane field, and Sophie herself, in a way, began in a cane field (she was conceived as a product of her mother’s rape). As Sophie lashes out against the site of so much suffering, Granmè Ifé approaches to comfort her. She tells Sophie, in calming, florid language, that while it is important to remember and honor the past, Sophie can—and must—liberate herself Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Pos
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Martine Caco Character Timeline in Breath, Eyes, Memory

The timeline below shows where the character Martine Caco appears in Breath, Eyes, Memory. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Chapter 1
Mothers, Daughters, and Generational Trauma  Theme Icon
Memory, Storytelling, and the Past Theme Icon
...Sophie doesn’t have to work in the sugar cane fields, where Tante Atie and Sophie’s mother, Martine, and Tante Atie “practically lived when they were children.” Sophie thinks of the horrible... (full context)
Home Theme Icon
Memory, Storytelling, and the Past Theme Icon
...plays the lottery every week, she never wins—nonetheless, she pays Chabin to play the number 31—Martine’s age—twice. (full context)
Mothers, Daughters, and Generational Trauma  Theme Icon
...aunt. Tante Atie doesn’t look inside the card, insisting that Sophie must send it to Martine. Sophie, however, only knows her mother from a picture that sits on top of the... (full context)
Home Theme Icon
As Madame Augustin passes out tea to her guests, she asks Tante Atie how Martine is doing, and remarks that she saw Tante Atie receive a big package in the... (full context)
Mothers, Daughters, and Generational Trauma  Theme Icon
Home Theme Icon
...information” that Tante Atie received a plane ticket in the mail. Another neighbor asks if Martine has sent for Sophie. Madame Augustin congratulates Sophie, telling her that going to New York... (full context)
Mothers, Daughters, and Generational Trauma  Theme Icon
Home Theme Icon
...their own home. Inside, Tante Atie tries to apologize to the furious Sophie, explaining that Martine arranged the plane ticket through backchannels with no prior notice. Tante Atie urges Sophie to... (full context)
Chapter 2
Memory, Storytelling, and the Past Theme Icon
...breakfast, Tante Atie tells funny stories about their family’s past, often including Tante Atie and Martine’s mother, whom Sophie calls Granmè Ifé, at their center. But this morning Tante Atie cannot... (full context)
Mothers, Daughters, and Generational Trauma  Theme Icon
Home Theme Icon
...the meal, Tante Atie tells Sophie that she has to tell her some things about Martine, and about their family’s history. Tante Atie reveals that after Sophie joins her mother in... (full context)
Mothers, Daughters, and Generational Trauma  Theme Icon
Home Theme Icon
Memory, Storytelling, and the Past Theme Icon
...has. Sophie says she likes dressing like a daffodil, and Tante Atie tells her that Martine always loved daffodils, too, because the flowers, native to Europe, once transplanted to Haiti “grew... (full context)
Chapter 3
Mothers, Daughters, and Generational Trauma  Theme Icon
Home Theme Icon
...Granmè Ifé talk about all the good fortune Sophie will have in New York. Sophie’s grandmother urges her to remember that Martine was—and is—her “first friend.” That night in bed, though,... (full context)
Chapter 4
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...presents: a saffron-colored dress embroidered with tiny daffodils. That night, Sophie has horrible nightmares of Martine, with daffodils in her hair, trying to wrestle Sophie to the floor. (full context)
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...her pocket and gives it back to Sophie one more time, insisting with finality that Martine will love it. Sophie tells Tante Atie what the poem written inside says: “My mother... (full context)
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...or Haitian dollars, in the lottery. Tante Atie clutches her new bills and claims that Martine brings her luck. As the rain lets up, the van taking Sophie and Tante Atie... (full context)
Chapter 5
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...been to the city before. Tante Atie tells Sophie a story about how she and Martine used to save up all year for a Christmas Eve trip into the city to... (full context)
Chapter 6
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...rushes forward, crying, and embraces the little boy, sobbing about how “they’ve killed [her] brother.” Martine approaches and scoops Sophie up in her arms. She sets Sophie down and hands the... (full context)
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Martine is overjoyed to see Sophie. She can’t stop looking at her or touching her, and... (full context)
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During the long car ride, Martine asks Sophie questions about life in Haiti and about Tante Atie. She asks if Tante... (full context)
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As Martine and Sophie enter Martine’s graffiti-covered apartment building, they step over a homeless man. In spite... (full context)
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Inside the apartment, decorated mostly in bright-red hues, Sophie looks through Martine’s nursing books while Martine readies Sophie’s room. When Martine comes back out, she is holding... (full context)
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Martine draws Sophie close and explains that Sophie will never be alone—Martine is always just a... (full context)
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Sophie has trouble falling asleep. In the middle of the night, she hears her mother screaming “as though someone [is] trying to kill her.” Sophie runs into the living room... (full context)
Chapter 7
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Martine takes Sophie to Haiti Express, a neighborhood business where people can send mail, money orders,... (full context)
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...arguments in Creole, admires all the small businesses, and marvels at the overhead subway tracks. Martine leads Sophie through the streets until they reach a building with a sign out front... (full context)
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That night, Marc drives Sophie and Martine out to a Haitian restaurant in Asbury Park to treat them to dinner. At the... (full context)
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...be a doctor or an engineer. When Marc asks Sophie if she has any boyfriends, Martine answers on Sophie’s behalf, stating that Sophie will not be allowed to date until she’s... (full context)
Chapter 8
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It is summer, and school doesn’t start for two more months. Sophie accompanies Martine to her job at a local nursing home each day, watching soap operas in the... (full context)
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Martine asks Sophie what she thinks of Marc, and Sophie says she thinks Marc is “smart.”... (full context)
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Martine turns the question around on Sophie, asking if Sophie has ever liked a boy back... (full context)
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Martine continues her story, telling Sophie that Granmè Ifé stopped testing her early because one day,... (full context)
Chapter 9
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Six years have passed—Sophie is now 18, and about to start college in the fall. Martine is still working two jobs, but the two of them have saved up enough to... (full context)
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Martine is proud of Sophie for having made it into a good college—but Sophie is resentful... (full context)
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Whenever Joseph greets Sophie or Martine—who are almost always together when they walk in the public—Martine clutches Sophie close, as if... (full context)
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Sophie is too shy—and too scared of her mother—to take Joseph up on his invitation, but they meet again when Joseph brings Sophie a... (full context)
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...performance, Joseph shows up at Sophie’s house to take her out to dinner. Sophie calls Martine at her night shift to make sure she’s not coming home, then goes out with... (full context)
Chapter 10
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The next night, Martine comes home from work early and tells Sophie she wants to take her out, claiming... (full context)
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Sophie changes the subject and asks her mother if it’s okay to like someone now that she’s 18. Martine begins asking who Sophie... (full context)
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After telling her mother about her love interest, Sophie decides she needs to be extra careful around Martine. She... (full context)
Chapter 11
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...town, and they stay out until dawn—Sophie isn’t worried, though, because of how late her mother comes home. Joseph brings Sophie to her front door, and she lets him kiss her... (full context)
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...to marry him in earnest. She is unable to give him an answer, knowing her mother would never allow such a thing. The next day, though, when Sophie and Martine go... (full context)
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...comes home late from a night out with Joseph, she walks in to see her mother sitting up in the living room, waiting for her with a belt in her hand.... (full context)
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Martine leaves Sophie alone in the bedroom after the test. Sophie hears her mother’s words echoing... (full context)
Chapter 12
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...after a few minutes, she begins to hear Joseph’s saxophone playing and becomes deeply sad. Martine is out with Marc, and Sophie wanders into the kitchen, takes the pestle from a... (full context)
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...sheets into a bag and replaces them, then lies on the bed and waits for Martine to come home. When Martine arrives home to test her, Sophie pushes aside the horrible... (full context)
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Sophie waits until Martine is asleep, then packs her things and runs next door to Joseph’s. Limping, she enters... (full context)
Chapter 13
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...Brigitte. Upon looking at the baby’s face, Tante Atie remarks that “she looks more like Martine’s child” than Sophie’s. (full context)
Chapter 14
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...neighbors and villagers she meets. Tante Atie says she can hardly believe Sophie is a mother—she remembers holding Sophie in her arms when Sophie was Brigitte’s age, and feeling like she... (full context)
Chapter 15
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...forth about Tante Atie’s lessons until Tante Atie, unable to take any more of her mother’s criticism, stands up from the table and begins washing dishes. Granmè Ifé says that if... (full context)
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Sophie lies alone in Martine’s old bedroom, listening to her grandmother’s snores from the next room and missing Joseph. She... (full context)
Chapter 16
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...Granmè Ifé taking her turn in the bath house. Seeing a large hump on her grandmother’s back, Sophie thinks of how, years ago, Martine developed lumps in her breasts and had... (full context)
Chapter 18
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...bring her husband. Sophie confesses that she is having some trouble with her marriage. Her grandmother asks her if she is unable to “perform,” and Sophie admits that sex is very... (full context)
Chapter 19
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...Brigitte down for a nap and get some pictures from her wallet to show her grandmother, but as she looks at an old photograph of her and Joseph, she remembers the... (full context)
Chapter 20
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...brought back a package from the Poste and Télégramme bureau which bears the address of Martine’s Nostrand Avenue apartment. Tante Atie rips the envelope open and puts it into the cassette... (full context)
Chapter 21
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After dinner, Granmè Ifé takes Martine’s tape into the other room to finish it while Tante Atie reads Sophie and Louise... (full context)
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Sophie continues thinking about her mother’s rape—and about how, in its wake, Martine went mad, succumbing to violent nightmares which made... (full context)
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...Atie, and Tante Atie warns her that Granmè Ifé is going to send word to Martine that Sophie has come to Haiti. Sophie replies that her mother doesn’t really care about... (full context)
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The next morning, while Sophie plays with Brigitte, Granmè Ifé records her response to Martine. Granmè Ifé calls to Sophie and asks if she wants to say anything on the... (full context)
Chapter 24
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Three days later, Martine arrives in a cart being pulled by Eliab and another boy. Tante Atie and Granmè... (full context)
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Granmè Ifé orders Sophie to walk towards Martine and embrace her. Sophie cannot bring herself to do so, and Martine walks towards her... (full context)
Chapter 25
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Inside, Martine unpacks her suitcase and hands out the things she has brought: spices, diapers, and clothes.... (full context)
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That night, Sophie lies in bed, listening to Martine and Tante Atie talking and reminiscing outside on the porch about the stories their mother... (full context)
Chapter 26
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The next morning, Martine and Granmè Ifé go to the notary. Tante Atie is not home, and so Sophie... (full context)
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Martine and Granmè Ifé return to the house, and Granmè Ifé excitedly says that her land... (full context)
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That night, after Sophie goes to bed, Granmè Ifé and Martine stay out in the yard and discuss death. Sophie’s grandmother believes she will know when... (full context)
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In the morning, Martine comes into Sophie’s room to say hello to her and Brigitte. Sophie asks if her... (full context)
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Sophie asks Martine, flat out, why she put her through the virginity testing. Martine says that if she... (full context)
Chapter 27
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The next day, Tante Atie and Granmè Ifé accompany Martine, Sophie, and Brigitte to the market to meet the van that will take them to... (full context)
Chapter 28
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...Brigitte sleeps calmly through most of it—even when she wakes, she is quiet and good. Martine marvels at the child’s disposition, telling Sophie that “it’s as if she’s not here at... (full context)
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On the flight, Martine is nauseous and ill, claiming that her “discomfort with being in Haiti” has made her... (full context)
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After they land in New York, Martine asks Sophie to spend the night with her in Brooklyn before heading on to Providence—Sophie... (full context)
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Martine makes spaghetti for dinner, and confesses that after Sophie left, she ate only spaghetti for... (full context)
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One Martine is gone, Sophie picks up the phone and calls Joseph. She tells him she’s back... (full context)
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Martine comes home from seeing Marc, explaining to Sophie that she had something important to tell... (full context)
Chapter 29
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The next morning at breakfast, Sophie eats heartily, and Martine praises her for eating so well. Sophie asks her mother about where she went last... (full context)
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Sophie asks Martine what she plans to do, and Martine admits that she has no idea. She is... (full context)
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Martine confesses to Sophie that when she was pregnant with her, she took herbs, teas, and... (full context)
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Sophie asks Martine if Marc has helped ease the nightmares at all, and Martine basically admits that she... (full context)
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Sophie offers to stay with Martine longer, but Martine urges her to get back on the road to Providence—Marc, she says,... (full context)
Chapter 30
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That night, Sophie and Joseph get into bed, but Sophie cannot sleep. She calls her mother, but Martine hurries off the phone, explaining that Marc is at the apartment. After hanging... (full context)
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...eats the dinner Joseph has cooked for her and does not purge. She calls her mother to ask how Marc is, and how the baby is. Martine begs Sophie not to... (full context)
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...her clothes, but lets her mind wander elsewhere. She imagines lying in bed with her mother, helping her fight off her nightmares. Sophie feels an odd gratitude that she and Martine... (full context)
Chapter 31
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...Joseph is excited because Brigitte has said her first word: “Dada.” He also reports that Martine and Rena called, Martine to report something “urgent” and Rena to make sure Sophie is... (full context)
Chapter 32
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...for generations, had their virginities “tested.” Rena asks Sophie if she has ever hated her mother—Sophie avoids answering the question, insisting that she wants to accept the change in her relationship... (full context)
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Sophie tells Rena about her mother’s pregnancy, and Rena asks Sophie if it makes her angry to hear about her mother... (full context)
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When Sophie tells Rena that she is going to visit Martine and Marc the following weekend, Rena asks Sophie to picture her mother as a sexual... (full context)
Chapter 33
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Martine greets Sophie, Joseph, and Brigitte on the stoop outside her house, welcoming them warmly and... (full context)
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The day ends before Sophie and Martine have a moment alone to discuss Martine’s decision. That night, on the ride back to... (full context)
Chapter 34
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In another session with Rena, Sophie confesses that she is worried about her mother. She tells Rena that while Martine has been pretending to be happy, in actuality she... (full context)
Chapter 35
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...the answering machine. It is from Marc, for Sophie, urging her to call him about Martine. Marc’s voice is quivering. Sophie immediately panics, telling Joseph that her mother was planning on... (full context)
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...Marc explained that in the middle of the previous night, he woke up to find Martine out of bed. He went back to sleep, not thinking anything of it, but several... (full context)
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At Martine and Marc’s house, Sophie finds an odd air of calm—but is disturbed by the trail... (full context)
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...night, Sophie calls Joseph and tells him she needs to go to Haiti—alone—to bury her mother. That night, in her mother’s apartment, Sophie fights off “evil thoughts.” In the morning, Marc... (full context)
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As Sophie approaches Granmè Ifé’s house, she sees her grandmother sitting on the porch. She wonders if Granmè Ifé has been sitting there since she... (full context)
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After collecting Martine’s body at the funeral home and looking at her face one last time, the group... (full context)
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...tales of butterflies, birds, and women who could not stop bleeding. She decides that her mother was the woman from the latter tale, a woman just like Sophie herself. (full context)