Le Fanu uses a frame story structure in Carmilla by having Laura recount events through a retrospective narrative. The novella is presented as Laura's firsthand account, found in the casebook of Doctor Hesselius. Laura thus narrates the story in retrospect, detailing her encounters with the enigmatic and mysterious Carmilla. Le Fanu's use of a frame story with Laura as the narrator allows readers to see events through her perspective and experience the unfolding mystery alongside her.
Le Fanu's use of frame story engages the reader by creating a sense of intimacy and immediacy. As Laura recounts her experiences, readers are drawn into the narrative, feeling as though they are listening to her recount the events in real time. This narrative style invites readers to become active participants in uncovering the mystery of Carmilla's identity. Through the frame story, Le Fanu also strategically builds suspense. Laura often hints at ominous occurrences or impending danger, heightening anticipation and curiosity within the reader. The use of hindsight allows her to foreshadow future events without revealing too much, adding to the overall sense of mystery and tension.
The frame story also allows for gradual character development, particularly of Laura herself. As she recounts the events, readers gain insight into her emotions and reactions throughout her encounters with Carmilla. This gradual unfolding of the Laura's perspective enhances the reader's connection with Laura and her evolving understanding of the unfolding events.
Le Fanu effectively uses the structure of the frame story in Carmilla to engage readers, create suspense, offer foreshadowing, and develop characters. All in all, the setup of the frame story and Laura's unique perspective as the narrator adds depth and intimacy to the novella, enhancing its mysterious and eerie atmosphere.
