Cat’s Eye
by Margaret Atwood
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Themes and Colors
Art, Science, and Religion Theme Icon
Gender and Cruelty Theme Icon
War vs. Environmental Catastrophe  Theme Icon
Identity and Conflict Theme Icon
Time and Memory Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Cat’s Eye, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Identity and Conflict Theme Icon
Identity and Conflict Theme Icon

Much of the novel confronts how identities form in adolescent relationships. As a child, Elaine experiences severe bullying at the hands of her closest friends, which scars her and affects the work she later produces as an artist. However, Elaine does not merely take on the role of the victim—she also observes the ways in which she begins to merge with her bullies—Cordelia in particular—and take on some of their traits and behaviors. She notes both how these childhood cruelties impact her self-image and how her ability to identify with those who inflicted such cruelties shape her all the more intensely. Atwood’s coming of age story ultimately depicts an intertwining of love and aggression that exposes the role that conflict plays in forming one’s identity.

Elaine’s best friend and worst influence is Cordelia, the friend who bullies her in childhood, acts as a chaotic companion in adolescence, and haunts her adulthood. In the first movement of this relationship, Cordelia moves to Elaine’s neighborhood during the summer and alters the dynamic of her friend group. Cordelia becomes the de facto leader of the former trio, egging on Grace and Carol in twisted games of psychological manipulation, which culminate in Elaine’s near death by freezing. However, Elaine continues to love her, though “Hatred would have been easier […] Hatred is clear, metallic, one-handed, unwavering; unlike love.” The depth of the damage was possible due to her love for Cordelia, which made her vulnerable.

While the story could have ended with this lesson about bullying, Cordelia and Elaine become friends again in high school and their dynamic begins to reverse. Elaine becomes cold and hurts both Cordelia and other classmates but says “it disturbs me to learn I have hurt someone unintentionally. I want all my hurts to be intentional.” She develops a vicious side that directly mirrors the way that Cordelia acted towards her years before—but this viciousness is still dissonant with her core instincts. Instead, it stems from a desire to understand Cordelia and, thus, better understand her own childhood.

By the end of the novel, the dynamic established in childhood has almost entirely reversed. Cordelia suffers failure after failure, unable to go to college and experiencing mental health break-downs that result in institutionalization. Elaine, on the other hand, builds both a family and a career—though she also suffers, by all standards her life is happier than Cordelia’s. Even when she gives money to a woman begging for help, Elaine says, “I'm a fool, to confuse this with goodness. I am not good. I know too much to be good. I know myself. I know myself to be vengeful, greedy, secretive and sly.” The traits she names in herself mirror those she identifies in Cordelia, demonstrating the ultimate inversion of their roles and extent to which this relationship has shaped Elaine’s own sense of self.

Unfortunately, Elaine’s desire to understand Cordelia’s perspective can never be fulfilled. She wants Cordelia’s version of the story, where she is not the center—she says, “But I could give her something you can never have, except from another person: what you look like from outside. A reflection. This is part of herself I could give back to her. We are like the twins in old fables, each of whom has been given half a key.” This desire for reflection and for being seen from the outside justifies the push and pull tension between the pair, and explains the process through which individuals, who yearn to be seen and understood, come to resemble each other even in cruelty.

Even in her later romantic relationships, Elaine describes a tendency towards spiking hostility and aggression that occurs between her and her partners, which reinforces her relationship between conflict and identity formation. She pursues a romantic and sexual relationship with her mentor and art teacher Mr. Hrbik, which reflects undertones of the strange dynamic she had had with Cordelia. She describes “I walk away from him. It's enormously pleasing to me, this walking away. It's like being able to make people appear and vanish, at will.” Some of her cruelty appears to be, therefore, a desire for control.

Later, she falls in love with and ultimately marries Jon, but their relationship is also deeply defined by conflict and tension. They fight and throw things at one another, and, “The things I throw miss, although they are worse things. The things he throws hit, but are harmless,” and she starts to see “how the line is crossed, between histrionics and murder.” The intensity behind this relationship reflects Elaine’s clear association between romantic love, identification, and aggression—love, for her, manifests in relationships of mutual conflict. After her divorce with Jon, she says “What we share may be a lot like a traffic accident but we get one another. We are survivors of each other. We have been shark to one another, but also lifeboat. That counts for something.” She does not categorize this relationship as abusive—nor does she categorize Cordelia in her childhood as the sole aggressor. Instead, she notes in both of these cases how violent behavior from one party shapes and fuels the other to become a more violent and cruel person in return.

Ultimately, the picture of identity formation that arises through the novel is not one of each individual having an inherent natural identity that is built into them at birth, but rather one built from complicated and tense exchange. While individuals might be influenced by their families, their environments, or their friendships, the things that leave the strongest and most indelible marks in every situation have to do with conflict. Conflict leaves scars that run deeper than compassionate relationships throughout this narrative—and one of the most significant ways it does so is in the ways that individuals come to mirror and reflect traits of cruelty to each other. This does not have to be inevitable—Elaine hopes that her daughters have escaped this cycle of violence—but the cycle that she describes, beginning with her family and Cordelia and extending throughout her life—molds aspects of her identity that dramatically define her worldview.

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Identity and Conflict Quotes in Cat’s Eye

Below you will find the important quotes in Cat’s Eye related to the theme of Identity and Conflict.

Part 1 Quotes

Time is not a line but a dimension, like the dimensions of space. If you can bend space you can bend time also, and if you knew enough and could move faster than light you could travel backward in time and exist in two places at once […] But I began then to think of time as having a shape, something you could see, like a series of liquid transparencies, one laid on top of another. You don’t look back along time but down through it, like water. Sometimes this comes to the surface, sometimes that, sometimes nothing. Nothing goes away.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Stephen Risley
Page Number and Citation: 3
Explanation and Analysis:
The opening words of the novel, this description about the nature of time informs both the novel’s structure and its primary themes involving identity and memory. The first section of the quote describes the way physics explains the nature of time, which Elaine’s brother (a physicist) explains to her. The primary significant details here are that time is non-linear, which goes against a typical experience of time, and that one could theoretically travel to the past. In the second part of the quote, Elaine focuses on her own interpretation of time, more based on experience. This vision of time is Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum volupta

Part 2 Quotes

This is the middle of my life. I think of it as a place, like the middle of a river, the middle of a bridge, halfway across, halfway over. I’m supposed to have accumulated things by now: possessions, responsibilities, achievements, experience and wisdom. I’m supposed to be a person of substance.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker)
Related Symbols: The Bridge
Page Number and Citation: 13
Explanation and Analysis:
In this section, Elaine reflects on her own life in terms of social expectations. By framing her life in this way, she automatically casts it into question, and in doing so demonstrates the ways that those expectations can be toxic. By saying that she is supposed to have certain things at this stage in her life, she invokes a particular linear narrative about human life that goes from birth to death pursuing certain goals, and ultimately implies that she feels she has not fulfilled those expected goals. The image of the bridge is extremely potent here, because it shows how Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitat

What we share, Jon and I, may be a lot like a traffic accident, but we do

share it. We are survivors, of each other. We have been shark to one another, but also lifeboat. That counts for something.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Jon
Page Number and Citation: 18
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Elaine reflects on her relationship with her ex-husband, Jon, and the nature of her reflection provides important insight into her understanding of relationships more generally and how they influence the formation of someone’s identity. She describes their relationship using catastrophic language—their relationship was like a traffic accident or a shark attack, something that one narrowly survives. At the same time, it seems that the very crisis of their relationship is what Elaine finds important. The intensity of catastrophe creates a lasting impact, one which she ultimately values, or is at least able to see the value in. Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperio

We like scabs. We pick them off—there isn’t room for a whole arm or leg under the microscope—and turn the magnification up as high as it will go. […] We look at earwax, or snot, or dirt from our toes, checking first to see that there’s no one around: we know without asking that such things would not be approved of. Our curiosity is supposed to have limits, though these have never been defined exactly.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Stephen Risley
Page Number and Citation: 40
Explanation and Analysis:
This scene occurs soon after Elaine and her family have settled down in Toronto and her father has started his job as a researcher in zoology. Elaine and Stephen play regularly in the zoology building, which is where they play with microscopes and make their own little experiments. In this scene, Elaine teases out part of her relationship to social norms, as she reflects on how her and Stephen’s unlimited curiosity would be disapproved of. She associates science, therefore, both with curiosity and its limitations—the thirst for knowledge, and the certainty that only some particular kinds of knowledge are socially Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nes

Part 3 Quotes

There are days when I can hardly make it out of bed. I find it an effort to speak. I measure progress in steps, the next one and the next one, as far as the bathroom. These steps are major accomplishments. I focus on taking the cap off the toothpaste, getting the brush up to my mouth. I have difficulty lifting my arm to do even that. I feel I am without worth, that nothing I can do is of any value, least of all to myself. What do you have to say for yourself? Cordelia used to ask. Nothing, I would say. It was a word I came to connect with myself, as if I was nothing, as if there was nothing there at all. Last night I felt the approach of nothing.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Cordelia
Page Number and Citation: 45
Explanation and Analysis:
In this quote, the adult Elaine is in bed at Jon’s apartment and still waiting for the art opening. She reflects on an experience that she has had repeatedly in her adulthood, which she connects with events that happened in her childhood. Most specifically, she reveals that Cordelia had made her feel like she was nothing when she was a child, and that this sense of nothingness and worthlessness has come to define her identity and her adult life. Elaine describes a psychological experience very common to depression, which has less to do with active pain and more with the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore.

As I turn back, I see my purse, lying on the floor where I put it, and after all these years I should know better. It’s open. The cubicle wall comes down to only a foot above the floor, and back through the gap a noiseless arm is retreating, the hand clutching my wallet. The fingernails are painted Day-Glo green. I bring my shoeless foot down hard on the wrist. There’s a shriek, some loud plural giggling: youth on the fast track, schoolgirls on the prowl. My wallet is dropped, the hand shoots back like a tentacle. I jerk open the door. Damn you, Cordelia! I think. But Cordelia is long gone.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Cordelia
Page Number and Citation: 49
Explanation and Analysis:
In this moment, Elaine is in a dressing room because she had decided to purchase a new dress for the art opening. This decision has its own gendered connotations, as it demonstrates her concerns about being taken seriously as a female artist. However, this scene, where a girl tries to steal her purse, centers on Cordelia and the extent to which Elaine’s childhood trauma still haunts her. The sense of mischief and rejection of social norms here is clear, and is a part of Elaine’s identity even as an adult. However, she feels affronted by the appearance of this ghost Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque err

The cat’s eyes are my favorites. If I win a new one I wait until I’m by myself, then take it out and examine it, turning it over and over in the light. The cat’s eyes really are like eyes, but not the eyes of cats. They’re the eyes of something that isn’t known but exists anyway; like the green eye of the radio; like the eyes of aliens from a distant planet. My favorite one is blue. I put it into my red plastic purse to keep it safe. I risk my other cat’s eyes to be shot at, but not this one.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker)
Related Symbols: Cat’s Eye Marble
Page Number and Citation: 69
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote occurs right after Elaine has discussed the sudden popularity of marbles on the school playground—children collect them and use them to bet against each other in games, and it’s a sign of coolness to be able to collect as many as possible, a feat that Elaine’s brother, Stephen, excels at. Elaine, on the other hand, is less interested in the process of accumulating the highest quantity of marbles, and focuses instead on the symbolic value of her favorite marble, the cat’s eye. She has a very private relationship to this marble, which she hides and keeps secret from Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptate

“Remember this,” our father says. “This is a classic infestation. You won’t see an infestation like this again for a long time.” It’s the way I’ve heard people talk about forest fires, or the war: respect and wonderment mixed in with the sense of catastrophe.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Elaine’s Father (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 72
Explanation and Analysis:
In the summers during her childhood, Elaine and her family still travel out of Toronto so that her father can pursue his research on spruce budworms. During one of those trips, Elaine’s father says these words when looking at budworms in a forest. This passage sets up his relationship to science and data collection, which is one of love and passion, but also attaches that interest directly to the theme of natural catastrophe. Catastrophes, whether manmade or not, can be beautiful due to their mere scale: they embody both traditional connotations of the word “awful”—both terrible, and inspiring of a Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde

Part 5 Quotes

Most mothers worry when their daughters reach adolescence, but I was the opposite. I relaxed, I sighed with relief. Little girls are cute and small only to adults. To one another they are not cute. They are life-sized.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 129
Explanation and Analysis:
Elaine expresses these thoughts as she reflects on her experience of motherhood, as she has two daughters whom she raised to adulthood. In this sense, she interrogates common assumptions about the innocence of childhood, informed by her own dark experience of bullying. On one level, this shows the permanence of the trauma she experienced—the way that Cordelia treated her in her childhood has changed her perspective forever. On another level, this quote shows the importance of perspective in relationships; no person is objectively “cute” and innocent or wholly cruel and threatening. Instead, the power and potential threat that a person Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea s

But Cordelia doesn’t do these things or have this power over me because she’s my enemy. […] In the war there were enemies. Our boys and the boys from Our Lady of Perpetual Help are enemies. […] With enemies you can feel hatred, and anger. But Cordelia is my friend. She likes me, she wants to help me, they all do. They are my friends, my girl friends, my best friends. I have never had any before and I’m terrified of losing them. I want to please. Hatred would have been easier. With hatred, I would have known what to do. Hatred is clear, metallic, one-handed, unwavering; unlike love.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Grace Smeath , Cordelia, Carol Campbell
Page Number and Citation: 131-132
Explanation and Analysis:
In this section, Elaine has just described several of the ways in which Cordelia bullies her and makes her feel like nothing. However, she doesn’t yet confront Cordelia or end their relationship, and this quote explains the logic underpinning Elaine’s attitude. She perceives this relationship as loving, and therefore internalizes the cruel messages being passed on to her. Elaine sees her friends as not only loving, but also essential in a way, as she associates with their gender. Female friendships are therefore associated with this potential manipulation and betrayal, instead of explicit conflict and aggression. This develops a new form Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi.

My father has eaten everything on his plate and is digging for more stuffing in the cavity of the turkey, which resembles a trussed, headless baby. It has thrown off its disguise as a meal and has revealed itself to me for what it is, a large dead bird. I’m eating a wing. It’s the wing of a tame turkey, the stupidest bird in the world, so stupid it can’t even fly any more. I am eating lost flight.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Elaine’s Father
Page Number and Citation: 145
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote appears at the end of Christmas dinner, a meal where Mr. Banerji—the graduate student from India whom Elaine relates to—is also present, and where he and Elaine’s father have spent time discussing genetic modifications and abuses of science. At the same time, Elaine has been suffering from bullying at the hands of her so-called friends (Cordelia, Carol, and Grace) for months now. In that context, Elaine looks at the turkey carcass and falls into a spiral of pessimistic thoughts that show that she relates to the turkey in a sense. When she calls it “lost flight,” she reflects Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedit

We cross the wooden bridge on the way home from school. I am walking behind the others. Through the broken boards I can see the ground below. I remember my brother burying his jar full of puries, of waterbabies and cat’s eyes, a long time ago, down there somewhere under the bridge. The jar is still there in the earth, shining in the dark, in secret. I think about myself going down there alone despite the sinister unseen men, digging up the treasure, having all that mystery in my hands. I could never find the jar, because I don’t have the map. But I like to think about things the others know nothing about.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Cordelia, Grace Smeath , Carol Campbell , Stephen Risley
Related Symbols: Cat’s Eye Marble, The Bridge
Page Number and Citation: 156
Explanation and Analysis:
In this moment, Elaine is walking home from school with her friends and bullies, Carol, Grace, and Cordelia. Elaine is forced to walk behind them, which is a sign of their cruel exclusion of her. However, Elaine escapes thinking about her exclusion by reflecting on the jar of marbles that Stephen buried in a previous year. In doing so, she already invokes the theme of the past inflecting the present through the objects and memories that last. She also adds a dimension to the symbol of the bridge, which represents both the beautiful space where the marbles are hidden and Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis

Part 6 Quotes

I walk away from her, guilt on my hands, absolving myself: I’m a good person. She could have been dying. Nobody else stopped. I’m a fool, to confuse this with goodness. I am not good. I know too much to be good. I know myself. I know myself to be vengeful, greedy, secretive and sly.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 170
Explanation and Analysis:
The adult Elaine is walking through the streets of Toronto when she encounters a woman desperate for help, who has nearly passed out in the street. Elaine gives her money, but does not help her in a more involved way. After, Elaine feels a tension between her own identity as a good or a bad person, and this obsession with her own moral qualities reflects back to her childhood friendship with Cordelia, who made her feel as though everything she did was wrong. However, instead of presenting herself as the victim that she truly was at the time, Elaine’s thoughts Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti so

I begin to spend time outside my body without falling over. At these times I feel blurred, as if there are two of me, one superimposed on the other, but imperfectly. There’s an edge of transparency, and beside it a rim of solid flesh that’s without feeling, like a scar. I can see what’s happening, I can hear what’s being said to me, but I don’t have to pay any attention. My eyes are open but I’m not there. I’m off to the side.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 191
Explanation and Analysis:
As a child, Elaine discovers this ability to faint well into the period of time when she is being bullied by Cordelia, when she faints accidentally at an event with her family. Her desire to dissociate and self-harm highlights the depth of the cruelties she suffers at Cordelia’s hands, and emphasizes that their nature is to get inside Elaine’s head and cause her to harm herself. In general, Elaine focuses on self-negation as a form of escape. She prefers transparency to confrontation, as active conflict can be far more difficult than avoidance. This also emphasizes the role of subjectivity—by stepping Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusan

Part 7 Quotes

I hear someone talking to me. […] The person who was standing on the

bridge is moving through the railing, or melting into it. It’s a

woman […] She isn’t falling, she’s coming down toward me as if walking, but

there’s nothing for her to walk on. […] Now she’s quite close. I can see the white glimmer of her face, the dark scarf or hood around her head, or is it hair? She holds out her arms to me and I feel a surge of happiness. Inside

her half-open cloak there’s a glimpse of red. It’s her heart, I

think. It must be her heart, on the outside of her body, glowing

like neon, like a coal. […] You can go home now, she says. It will be all right. […] I don’t hear the words out loud, but this is what she says.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker)
Related Symbols: The Bridge, Virgin Mary
Page Number and Citation: 209
Explanation and Analysis:
This is a crucial moment for Elaine, as she has just had a near-death experience after Cordelia forced her to fetch her hat (which Cordelia threw) in the frozen river under the bridge during winter. Though she makes it down to the river, Elaine nearly drowns in the water. In this quote, she sees a vision of a woman she takes to be the Virgin Mary, who gives her encouraging words and helps her escape this situation. This apparition plays a role in her life that the real adult women she knows—her mother, but also Mrs. Smeath—have failed. There is Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperi

I am still a coward, still fearful; none of that has changed. But I turn and walk away from her. It’s like stepping off a cliff, believing the air will hold you up. And it does. I see that I don’t have to do what she says, and worse and better, I’ve never had to do what she says. I can do what I like.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Cordelia
Page Number and Citation: 213
Explanation and Analysis:
After nearly drowning, Elaine finally builds up the courage to end her friendship with Cordelia. She does not see this act as one of courage, as she still perceives herself as a coward. However, she has had a revelation that allows her to finally achieve her independence from that toxic relationship. This relationship was based on psychological cruelty, so once that tie is broken, there is nothing left to actually hold Elaine down—once she makes the leap, she is fully free. Cordelia’s power has dissipated. At the same time, breaking this power makes Elaine feel like it was never real Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas de

Part 8 Quotes

Knowing too much about other people puts you in their power, they have a claim on you, you are forced to understand their reasons for doing things and then you are weakened.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Elaine’s Father
Page Number and Citation: 240
Explanation and Analysis:
Elaine has been reflecting about her father, in particular about facts she learned about his life when she got older. She learned that he had wanted to serve in the army and couldn’t, as well as other details from his youth growing up poor and having to put himself through university by “working in lumber camps and cleaning out rabbit hutches.” This quote puts a cynical spin on an essential element of close human relationships, which is empathy and the trust and vulnerability that come with it. From Elaine’s perspective, that empathy and vulnerability make one far too at risk Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequun

Part 9 Quotes

Girls at school learn to look out for my mean mouth and avoid it. I walk the halls surrounded by an aura of potential verbal danger, and am treated with caution, which suits me fine. Strangely enough, my mean behavior doesn’t result in fewer friends, but, on the surface, more. The girls are afraid of me but they know where it’s safest: beside me, half a step behind […] Some of them are already collecting china and housewares, and have Hope Chests. For this kind of thing I feel amused disdain. And yet it disturbs me to learn I have hurt someone unintentionally. I want all my hurts to be intentional.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 258
Explanation and Analysis:
During this period in the novel, Elaine is already in high school, where she studies with Cordelia. The key aspects of this quote focus on the fact that Elaine, who was previously the victim of severe bullying and cruelty, appears to have switched roles and become the person liable to hurt others. Not only that, her cruelty appears to be both something she is conscious of and something that she particularly directs against women. Elaine has critical relationships to other women, which might tie to her low self-esteem as well as her frustration with being lumped into a social category Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum volu

A wave of blood goes up to my head, my stomach shrinks together, as if something dangerous has just missed hitting me. It’s as if I’ve been caught stealing, or telling a lie; or as if I’ve heard other people talking about me, saying bad things about me, behind my back. There’s the same flush of shame, of guilt and terror, and of cold disgust with myself. But I don’t know

where these feelings have come from, what I’ve done.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Cordelia
Page Number and Citation: 278
Explanation and Analysis:
This scene occurs while Elaine is in high school, sitting in a diner with Cordelia. Cordelia has just brought up the subject of their past, which triggers this set of intense emotions in Elaine. Significantly, Elaine had repressed these memories herself, and she furthermore has a tendency to be cruel to others herself in this stage in her life. This reference to the period where she was bullied bubbles straight up into the surface, plunging Elaine into an old emotional state as if it were completely renewed. This moment shows how close at hand the past can be on an Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum

But in the middle of the Botany examination it comes to me, like a sudden epileptic fit, that I’m not going to be a biologist, as I have thought. I am going to be a painter. I look at the page, where the life cycle of the mushroom from spore to fruiting body is taking shape, and I know this with absolute certainty. My life has been changed, soundlessly, instantaneously. I continue my explication of tubers, bulbs, and legumes, as if nothing has happened.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 280-281
Explanation and Analysis:
At the end of her senior year, Elaine has to take her final examinations. She focuses the most on biology, as up to this point, she has shown the most skill and interest in that field and seems to believe she will continue to study it. In fact, biology is Elaine’s father’s field, and if she had gone on to study it, she would have followed in his footsteps—and not been far from her brother, either, who studied physics. The very engagement with the material of her family and childhood triggers this moment of revelation where she decides to become Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. A

Part 10 Quotes

We are silent, considering shortfalls. There’s not much time left, for us to become what we once intended. Jon had potential, but it’s not a word that can be used comfortably any more. Potential has a shelf life.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Jon
Page Number and Citation: 289
Explanation and Analysis:
In this scene, the adult Elaine meets her ex-husband, Jon, for dinner—they have Thai food, talk about their daughter, and discuss details of their lives and careers. Reconnecting with her ex-husband in this way prompts Elaine to reflect deeply on the past, and part of what she thinks about connects to mortality. The novel tends to connect the past with memory, and sees it therefore as layered and non-linear. The future, however, still comes with this linear tinge caused by the inevitability of death. Notions like potential require a sense of remaining time, a lack of limitations. As one ages, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscip

Part 11 Quotes

I go back to my apartment, lie down on the floor. […] I feel as if I’m at the center of nothingness, of a black square that is totally empty; that I’m exploding slowly outward, into the cold burning void of space. When I wake up it’s the middle of the night. I don’t know where I am. I think I’m back in my old room with the cloudy light fixture, in my parents’ house, lying on the floor because I’ve fallen out of bed, as I used to do when we had the army cots. But I know that the house has been sold, that my parents are no longer there. I have somehow been overlooked, left behind.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 366
Explanation and Analysis:
Although the experience that Elaine describes here is one that occurs at different parts in the novel, this particular moment is significant because she has recently realized she is pregnant with Jon’s child and has not told him yet. Her thoughts about potential motherhood are inflected by her memories of Susie’s nearly fatal abortion, as well as reflections on her own mother. More than this, Elaine’s thoughts plunge her into the past and set her back into a mood of feeling like nothing. Elaine’s sense of nothingness connects to the time Cordelia nearly buried her alive, or Elaine’s later experiences Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perfer

Part 13 Quotes

My brother Stephen died five years ago. I shouldn’t say died: was killed. I try not to think of it as murder, although it was, but as some kind of accident, like an exploding train. Or else a natural catastrophe, like a landslide. What they call for insurance purposes an act of God. He died of an eye for an eye, or someone’s idea of it. He died of too much justice.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Stephen Risley
Page Number and Citation: 424
Explanation and Analysis:
Stephen’s death comes as a shock in the novel—although she had alluded to the possibility of his death at a couple of points in the novel, she mostly told anecdotes about their shared childhood; their relationship faded as they aged, and he mostly disappeared from the novel. Given that this death is still clearly situated in the past for Elaine, revealing it so late in the novel is quite jarring, and helps further fragment the sense of discontinuity in the novel’s plot. Thematically, Stephen’s death ties into topics of war and nationalism, as he was killed by terrorists who had Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Elige

Part 14 Quotes

Really it’s Cordelia I expect, Cordelia I want to see. There are things I need to ask her. Not what happened, back then in the time I lost, because now I know that. I need to ask her why. […] Perhaps she’s forgotten the bad things, what she said to me, what she did. Or she does remember them, but in a minor way, as if remembering a game, or a single prank, a single trivial secret, of the kind girls tell and then forget. She will have her own version. I am not the center of her story, because she herself is that. But I could give her something you can never have, except from another person: what you look like from outside. A reflection. This is the part of herself I could give back to her. We are like the twins in old fables, each of whom has been given half a key.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Cordelia
Page Number and Citation: 450
Explanation and Analysis:
The novel has finally progressed to the opening of the retrospective of Elaine’s work, but Elaine spends the entire event still stuck in the past. She expects Cordelia to come, although she has also revealed by now that she has not seen Cordelia in years—not since refusing to help her break out of a mental institution where Cordelia was placed after a suicide attempt. Although some of the themes here are familiar, such as the haunting effect Cordelia has on Elaine, and the sense of not being able to escape her past, this quote reveals part of what Elaine was Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Delenit

Part 15 Quotes

This is what I miss, Cordelia: not something that’s gone, but something that will never happen. Two old women giggling over their tea.

Related Characters: Elaine Risley (speaker), Cordelia
Page Number and Citation: 462
Explanation and Analysis:
In this final chapter of the novel, Elaine has finally returned to Jon’s apartment after the opening and is forced to acknowledge that Cordelia will never appear. In a turn that might seem surprising, she fantasizes about a future friendship with Cordelia, a touching image of the two of them old and content, like other older women Elaine has observed throughout the novel. This adds another dimension to the novel’s reflections on time, by focusing on the future and its relationship to desire. It is possible to miss things that have never happened because of the intensity of desire, and Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia ea