Civil Peace

by Chinua Achebe

Jonathan Iwegbu Character Analysis

The protagonist of the story, Jonathan is a man living in southern Nigeria just after the Nigerian Civil War (1967-1970). He is the husband of Maria and father to four children, the youngest of whom died in the war. Before the war, Jonathan was a miner. Jonathan is a relentless optimist and believes deeply in the will of God, as indicated by his favorite proverb: “Nothing puzzles God.” Although he lost a son in the war and was forced to flee his home, he is always grateful for the blessings that he still has—such as his wife, his three remaining children, and his bicycle. He is also a hard worker, entrepreneurial, and savvy. Throughout the story, he is constantly searching for new ways to earn money, whether by using his bike to operate a taxi, opening a bar, waiting at the mining office for work, or receiving his egg-rasher. Even as he seeks to earn money, though, he always does so with the understanding that money is a means to supporting his family, and not an end in itself. Through this hard work and optimism, Jonathan is able to support his family and survive the destruction of the war and its aftermath. When a group of thieves robs him and his family one night, he is terrified, but once he is able to get through it without any harm coming to himself or his family, he is unbothered. His faith and optimism remain intact despite the traumatic events of the story.

Jonathan Iwegbu Quotes in Civil Peace

The Civil Peace quotes below are all either spoken by Jonathan Iwegbu or refer to Jonathan Iwegbu. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
War and Peace Theme Icon
).

Civil Peace Quotes

He had come out of the war with five inestimable blessings— his head, his wife Maria’s head and the heads of three out of their four children. As a bonus he also had his old bicycle— a miracle too but naturally not to be compared to the safety of five human heads.

Related Characters: Jonathan Iwegbu, Maria Iwegbu
Related Symbols: The Bicycle
Page Number and Citation: 82
Explanation and Analysis:

It wasn’t his disreputable rags, nor the toes peeping out of one blue and one brown canvas shoes, nor yet the two stars of his rank done obviously in a hurry in biro, that troubled Jonathan; many good and heroic soldiers looked the same or worse. It was rather a certain lack of grip and firmness in his manner.

Related Characters: Jonathan Iwegbu
Related Symbols: The Bicycle
Page Number and Citation: 82-83
Explanation and Analysis:

That night he buried it in the little clearing in the bush where the dead of the camp, including his own youngest son, were buried. When he dug it up again a year later after the surrender all it needed was a little palm-oil greasing. “Nothing puzzles God,” he said in wonder.

Related Characters: Jonathan Iwegbu (speaker)
Related Symbols: The Bicycle
Page Number and Citation: 83
Explanation and Analysis:

This newest miracle was his little house in Ogui Overside. Indeed nothing puzzles God! Only two houses away a huge concrete edifice some wealthy contractor had put up just before the war was a mountain of rubble. And here was Jonathan’s little zinc house of no regrets built with mud blocks quite intact!

Related Characters: Jonathan Iwegbu
Page Number and Citation: 83
Explanation and Analysis:

His children picked mangoes near the military cemetery and sold them to soldiers’ wives for a few pennies— real pennies this time— and his wife started making breakfast akara balls for neighbours in a hurry to start life again. With his family earnings he took his bicycle to the villages around and bought fresh palmwine which he mixed generously in his rooms with the water which had recently started running again in the public tap down the road, and opened up a bar for soldiers and other lucky people with good money.

Related Characters: Maria Iwegbu, Jonathan Iwegbu
Related Symbols: The Bicycle
Page Number and Citation: 84
Explanation and Analysis:

But nothing puzzles God. Came the day of the windfall when after five days of endless scuffles in queues and counter-queues in the sun outside the Treasury he had twenty pounds counted into his palms as ex-gratia award for the rebel money he had turned in. It was like Christmas for him and for many others like him when the payments began. They called it (since few could manage its proper official name) egg-rasher.

Related Characters: Jonathan Iwegbu
Related Symbols: The Egg-Rasher
Page Number and Citation: 84-85
Explanation and Analysis:

He had to be extra careful because he had seen a man a couple of days earlier collapse into near-madness in an instant before that oceanic crowd because no sooner had he got his twenty pounds than some heartless ruffian picked it off him.

Related Characters: Jonathan Iwegbu
Related Symbols: The Egg-Rasher
Page Number and Citation: 85
Explanation and Analysis:

“My frien,” said he at long last, “we don try our best for call dem but I tink say dem all done sleep-o . . . So we tin we go do now? Sometaim you wan call soja? Or you wan make we call dem for you? Soja better pass police. No be so?“

Related Characters: The Thieves (speaker), The Thieves, Jonathan Iwegbu, Maria Iwegbu
Page Number and Citation: 86
Explanation and Analysis:

“Awrighto. Now make we talk business. We no be bad tief. We no like for make trouble. Trouble done finish. War done finish and all the katakata wey de for inside. No Civil War again. This time na Civil Peace. No be so?”

“Na so!” answered the horrible chorus.

Related Characters: The Thieves (speaker), The Thieves, Jonathan Iwegbu
Page Number and Citation: 87
Explanation and Analysis:

“I count it as nothing,” he told his sympathizers, his eyes on the rope he was tying. “What is egg-rasher? Did I depend on it last week? Or is it greater than other things that went with the war? I say, let egg-rasher perish in the flames! Let it go where everything else has gone. Nothing puzzles God.”

Related Characters: Jonathan Iwegbu (speaker)
Related Symbols: The Egg-Rasher
Page Number and Citation: 88
Explanation and Analysis:
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Jonathan Iwegbu Character Timeline in Civil Peace

The timeline below shows where the character Jonathan Iwegbu appears in Civil Peace. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Civil Peace
War and Peace Theme Icon
Optimism and Faith Theme Icon
Money and Survival Theme Icon
Jonathan Iwegbu believes that he was unbelievably lucky to have survived the recent Nigerian Civil war,... (full context)
War and Peace Theme Icon
Authority, Corruption, and Self-reliance Theme Icon
Money and Survival Theme Icon
During the war, a soldier had tried to take Jonathan’s bicycle from him, claiming it was needed for military use. Jonathan would have been willing... (full context)
War and Peace Theme Icon
Optimism and Faith Theme Icon
Money and Survival Theme Icon
After the war ends, Jonathan digs up the bike and is surprised and delighted to find that, with a bit... (full context)
War and Peace Theme Icon
Optimism and Faith Theme Icon
Money and Survival Theme Icon
Jonathan travels to the town of Enugu, where his home was before the war, and he... (full context)
War and Peace Theme Icon
Money and Survival Theme Icon
Jonathan and his family move into the house happily. His children begin picking fruit from a... (full context)
War and Peace Theme Icon
Optimism and Faith Theme Icon
Authority, Corruption, and Self-reliance Theme Icon
Money and Survival Theme Icon
Jonathan used to work as a coal miner and he goes every day to the Coal... (full context)
Authority, Corruption, and Self-reliance Theme Icon
Money and Survival Theme Icon
One day, Jonathan is paid twenty Nigerian pounds in ex-gratia—or “egg-rasher,” as most people call it—for turning in... (full context)
War and Peace Theme Icon
Authority, Corruption, and Self-reliance Theme Icon
Money and Survival Theme Icon
As soon as he gets the money, Jonathan is extremely cautious about protecting it, burying it inside his pants pocket while still holding... (full context)
War and Peace Theme Icon
Authority, Corruption, and Self-reliance Theme Icon
Money and Survival Theme Icon
That night, Jonathan listens to the sounds of his neighborhood go quiet as he struggles to fall asleep.... (full context)
War and Peace Theme Icon
Authority, Corruption, and Self-reliance Theme Icon
Money and Survival Theme Icon
Jonathan’s wife begins to call out for help, and Jonathan and the children join her. They... (full context)
Optimism and Faith Theme Icon
Authority, Corruption, and Self-reliance Theme Icon
Jonathan begs the leader of the thieves to tell him what they want. The thief says... (full context)
War and Peace Theme Icon
Money and Survival Theme Icon
...that the Civil War has ended, and that now they are in a “Civil Peace.” Jonathan explains that he doesn’t have much money after the war and adds that there are... (full context)
Optimism and Faith Theme Icon
Money and Survival Theme Icon
Jonathan again tells the thieves that he doesn’t have that much money—they can come inside and... (full context)
War and Peace Theme Icon
Optimism and Faith Theme Icon
Authority, Corruption, and Self-reliance Theme Icon
Money and Survival Theme Icon
The next day, Jonathan’s neighbors prepare to mourn the loss of the money with him, but he is already... (full context)