Definition of Tone
Key Examples in Crime and Punishment
Though the novel ends on a cautiously optimistic note, the overall tone of the novel is bitter and misanthropic, reflecting Raskolnikov’s own nihilistic worldview and disturbed mental state. This deep sense of cynicism saturates much of the novel and is particularly pronounced in Raskolnikov’s internal monologue. After Raskolnikov leaves the apartment of pawnbroker Alyona Ivanovna, for example, his thoughts express his deep feelings of disgust for everything and everyone around him:
“Oh, God, how loathsome this all is! And can it be, can it be that I…no, it’s nonsense, it’s absurd!” he added resolutely. “Could such horror really come into my head? But then, what filth my heart is capable of!…Above all, filthy, nasty, vile, vile!…And for the whole month I…” But neither words nor exclamations could express his agitation. The feeling of boundless loathing that had begun to oppress and sicken his heart while he was still only on his way to the old woman now reached such proportions and became so clearly manifest that he did not know where to flee from his anguish.