Key Examples in Cry, the Beloved Country
Msimangu takes Stephen Kumalo for a tour of Johannesburg in Chapter 6. Along the way, he acquaints his fellow minister with the racial inequities—and deep ironies—that run through the city. Nowhere are those contradictions more visible than in the “garbage heap” of Claremont, a community of natives sandwiched between two European ones:
They walked down Lily Street, and turned off into Hyacinth Street, for the names there are very beautiful
In Chapter 11, news comes swiftly of Arthur Jarvis’s death. Having just settled down in Msimangu’s church, Stephen Kumalo finds out about the murder in a devastatingly ironic moment:
Unlock with LitCharts A+This is a terrible loss for South Africa, said the white priest. For this Arthur Jarvis was a courageous young man, and a great fighter for justice. And it is a terrible loss for the Church too. He was one of the finest of all our young laymen.
Speaking through an eerie, plural first-person perspective, the novel’s narrator takes up the voice of a white population that shifts uneasily in response to reform proposals. Chapter 12’s vaguely collected voices whisper an ironic contradiction to the reader:
Unlock with LitCharts A+We shall live from day to day, and put more locks on the doors, and get a fine fierce dog when the fine fierce bitch next door has pups, and hold on to our handbags more tenaciously; and the beauty of the trees by night, and the raptures of lovers under the stars, these things we shall forego.
Stephen Kumalo’s less-than ideal arrival into Johannesburg—in which he gets robbed of his entire life’s savings—is only the least of his worries. While visiting Ezenzeleni in Chapter 13, he reflects on his recent spate of ironic misfortunes:
Unlock with LitCharts A+His thoughts turned to the girl, and to the unborn babe that would be his grandchild. Pity that he a priest should have a grandchild born in such a fashion. Yet that could be repaired… Yet where had they failed? What had they done, or left undone, that their son had become a thief, moving like a vagabond from place to place, living with a girl who was herself no more than a child, father of a child who would have had no name?