Dear America

Dear America

by

Jose Antonio Vargas

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Jose Antonio Vargas

The author of Dear America is a Pulitzer Prize-winning Filipino American journalist and filmmaker. As he explains in the book, he was born in the Philippines, but at the age of 12, he immigrated to… read analysis of Jose Antonio Vargas

Vargas’s Mother

While Jose Antonio Vargas was growing up and becoming a journalist in the U.S., his mother, Emelie Salinas, was living with her two younger children and her long-term boyfriend Jimmy in Manila. She and Vargas… read analysis of Vargas’s Mother

Lola

Lola (Tagalog for “grandma”) is Jose Antonio Vargas’s grandmother Leonila Salinas. In 1984, she and Lolo moved to California, where their daughter Florie already lived. Lola began working as a food server, and she… read analysis of Lola

Lolo

“Lolo” (Tagalog for “grandpa”) is Jose Antonio Vargas’s grandfather Ted Salinas, who housed and raised Vargas after he arrived in California at age 12. After he and Lola followed their daughter Florie to the… read analysis of Lolo

Aunt Florie

Lolo’s sister Florida, or Florie, is “the matriarch of the matriarchs” in Jose Antonio Vargas’s family. After she married a Filipino American who was serving in the U.S. Marines, she became the first… read analysis of Aunt Florie
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Jim Strand

Jim Strand is the wealthy California investor who started the scholarship fund that enabled Jose Antonio Vargas to go to college. Strand became one of Vargas’s most important mentors: he helped Vargas meet with immigration… read analysis of Jim Strand

Maria Gabriela (“Gaby”) Pacheco

Gaby Pacheco is an educator and immigrants rights activist whose protest march from Miami to Washington, D.C. contributed to the creation of the DACA program. She became nationally prominent starting in 2004, when she helped… read analysis of Maria Gabriela (“Gaby”) Pacheco

Pat Hyland

Pat Hyland, Jose Antonio Vargas’s high school principal, is one of his most important mentors and confidants. In high school, she noticed Vargas’s dedication to after-school activities, then started giving him rides after school… read analysis of Pat Hyland

President Obama

Barack Obama was the president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. While he implemented the DACA program, he also greatly ramped up deportations, for which immigration activists often call him the “Deporter-in-Chief” (a… read analysis of President Obama

President Trump

Donald Trump was the president of the United States from 2017 to 2021. Jose Antonio Vargas considers Trump’s presidency the worst era for immigrants in modern U.S. history because Trump’s political strategy was largely based… read analysis of President Trump

Rich Fischer

Rich Fischer was the superintendent of Jose Antonio Vargas’s school district and one of his key mentors during high school. He remains an important part of Vargas’s “white family.” Fischer helped Vargas get into… read analysis of Rich Fischer
Minor Characters
Vargas’s Father
Jose Antonio Vargas’s father was the son of a Manila businessman; they had virtually no relationship, since Vargas’s father abandoned Vargas and his mother when Vargas was still a toddler. He died of lung cancer in 2011.
Alida Garcia
Alida Garcia is an immigration lawyer and a close friend of Jose Antonio Vargas.
Uncle Conrad
Conrad Salinas, Lolo’s nephew and Jose Antonio Vargas’s uncle, is a former rice farmer and construction worker who became an officer in the U.S. Navy. He now lives in San Diego, and he is widely respected and beloved in Vargas’s family.
Cristina Jiménez
Cristina Jiménez is the founder and director of the immigrant rights organization United We Dream. In 2014, she contacted Jose Antonio Vargas to ask if he wanted to represent Define American at the U.S.-Mexico border. When he arrived, Jiménez helped him strategize to avoid immigration checkpoints.
Jake Brewer
Between 2007 and his tragic death in 2015, Jake Brewer was one of Jose Antonio Vargas’s closest friends and confidants. He was also an expert in online organizing, and he helped Vargas launch Define American. Brewer’s death forced Vargas to confront his fear of intimacy and commitment.
Mark Zuckerberg
Mark Zuckerberg is the world-famous founder of Facebook. In 2010, Jose Antonio Vargas interviewed him for a feature in The New Yorker.
Mario
Mario is the young Mexican American Border Patrol agent who interviewed Jose Antonio Vargas in the McAllen, Texas immigration detention center in 2014.
Mary Moore
Mary Moore, Rich Fischer’s assistant, has been one of Jose Antonio Vargas’s most loyal mentors since high school. She constantly writes him greeting cards, and he considers her part of his family.
Mexican José
“Mexican José” was a student at Jose Antonio Vargas’s middle school. When he asked Vargas if he had a green card, Vargas realized that he didn’t understand his own immigration status.
President Clinton
Bill Clinton was the president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He passed and implemented “tough on crime” laws that made immigration enforcement far more violent and greatly restricted immigrants’ rights in the U.S.
Uncle Rolan
Rolan is Jose Antonio Vargas’s uncle (his mother’s younger brother, and Lola and Lolo’s son). Roland moved to California just two years before Vargas, and they even shared a bedroom for much of Vargas’s youth.
Ryan Eller
Ryan Eller was a minister and activist from Kentucky who served as the campaign director for Define American.
Teresa Moore
Teresa Moore is a journalist and editor in California. She edited Jose Antonio Vargas’s writing when he was a high school student and recommended him for the San Francisco Chronicle internship that launched his career.
Toni Morrison
Toni Morrison was the Pulitzer and Nobel Prize-winning novelist whose work deeply inspired Jose Antonio Vargas in his youth. (In particular, Vargas loved her first novel, The Bluest Eye.)
An Immigration Lawyer
One of Jose Antonio Vargas’s immigration lawyers who cautioned him against publicly admitting to breaking the law in his 2011 “My Life as an Undocumented Immigrant” essay.
An Immigration Journalist
Journalist who told Jose Antonio Vargas that even when American citizens are told the facts about immigration, they often don’t care or else disbelieve these facts, due to the influence of right-wing media outlets.