Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?
by Philip K. Dick
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Themes and Colors
Humanity and Empathy Theme Icon
Reality vs. Artificiality Theme Icon
Alienation Theme Icon
Religion and Faith Theme Icon
Consumerism Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Alienation Theme Icon
Alienation Theme Icon

Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? depicts a world where people are profoundly disconnected from one another, nature, and even themselves. For instance, Rick Deckard experiences estrangement both within his marriage and in his interactions with others. His wife, Iran, relies on the Penfield mood organ to simulate emotions—often negative emotions like depression, which Rick doesn’t think is acceptable—further widening the emotional chasm between them. This reliance on artificial means to regulate emotions reflects a broader societal alienation, as genuine human connections become increasingly rare. For instance, the only moment of sexual intimacy in the novel occurs between Rick and the android Rachael Rosen, and it is an experience that Rick later learns was manipulative in nature—there was no genuine emotion or desire involved in the encounter. Finally, the fact that most animals have gone extinct creates a void in human connection to nature, which humans try to replace with artificial substitutes. Rick’s electric sheep, for instance, while providing a semblance of companionship, ultimately only increases his sense of loneliness.

Perhaps even more so than Rick, John Isidore epitomizes modern alienation. As a “special,” his cognitive impairments due to radiation exposure make him an outcast in human society. His exclusion from the greater social structure leaves him yearning for companionship, a longing that drives him to connect with the fugitive androids. However, his attempts at forming relationships reveal the depth of his isolation. The androids exploit his kindness and view him with contempt, treating him more as a tool than a person. Even his bond with Pris, the android he initially sees as a friend, is marked by a disturbing lack of reciprocity. Despite his desperate attempts to find meaning and belonging, John remains fundamentally alone, embodying the broader societal alienation that defines Dick’s dystopian world. His plight reflects the dehumanizing effects of a fragmented, artificial existence where empathy and genuine connection are scarce. Through figures like Rick and John, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? suggests that alienation is an inevitable outcome of a world where artificial constructs replace authentic relationships.

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Alienation ThemeTracker

The ThemeTracker below shows where, and to what degree, the theme of Alienation appears in each chapter of Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?. Click or tap on any chapter to read its Summary & Analysis.
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Alienation Quotes in Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?

Below you will find the important quotes in Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? related to the theme of Alienation.

Chapter 2  Quotes

In addition, no one today remembered why the war had come about or who, if anyone, had won. The dust which had contaminated most of the planet’s surface had originated in no country and no one, even the wartime enemy, had planned on it. First, strangely, the owls had died. At the time it had seemed almost funny, the fat, fluffy white birds lying here and there, in yards and on streets; coming out no earlier than twilight as they had while alive the owls escaped notice. Medieval plagues had manifested themselves in a similar way, in the form of many dead rats. This plague, however, had descended from above.

Related Symbols: Animals
Page Number and Citation: 15
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage about World War Terminus strips away the grandeur and purpose often associated with war, replacing it with a sense of futility and irreversible destruction. The inability to recall the war’s cause or victor shows the question’s insignificance in the face of its aftermath. Human conflict is shown not as a driver of progress but as a destructive force that leaves behind questions rather than answers, and devastation rather than a definitive answer on whose worldview is best. The dust, emerging from no single identifiable place, erases the boundaries between countries and regions, turning the entire planet into a Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a des

He wondered, then, if the others who had remained on Earth experienced the void this way. Or was it peculiar to his peculiar biological identity, a freak generated by his inept sensory apparatus? Interesting question, Isidore thought. But whom could he compare notes with? He lived alone in this deteriorating, blind building of a thousand uninhabited apartments, which like all its counterparts, fell, day by day, into greater entropic ruin. Eventually everything within the building would merge, would be faceless and identical, mere pudding-like kipple piled to the ceiling of each apartment. And, after that, the uncared-for building itself would settle into shapelessness, buried under the ubiquity of the dust. By then, naturally, he himself would be dead, another interesting event to anticipate as he stood here in his stricken living room atone with the lungless, all-penetrating, masterful world-silence.

Related Characters: John Isidore
Page Number and Citation: 20
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage describes John Isidore’s existential despair, blending his personal isolation with the broader decay of the world around him. His speculation about the void—whether it is uniquely tied to his biological makeup or a universal experience—reveals a profound sense of alienation. The void is both a literal silence in his environment and a metaphor for the absence of meaning, connection, and vitality in his life. Isidore’s inability to “compare notes” with anyone indicates his total solitude, demonstrates how the remnants of human society have splintered into isolated, disconnected fragments. The description of the building’s decline mirrors the entropy of Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde

Chapter 6 Quotes

“No one can win against kipple,” he said, “except temporarily and maybe in one spot, like in my apartment I’ve sort of created a stasis between the pressure of kipple and nonkipple, for the time being. But eventually I’ll die or go away, and then the kipple will again take over. It’s a universal principle operating throughout the universe; the entire universe is moving toward a final state of total, absolute kippleization.” He added, “Except of course for the upward climb of Wilbur Mercer.”

Related Characters: John Isidore (speaker), Wilbur Mercer
Page Number and Citation: 62
Explanation and Analysis:
John’s description of “kipple” as the universal force of decay captures the inevitability of disorder overtaking all systems in his world. His acknowledgment that any victory over kipple is temporary aligns with Mercerism’s emphasis on the futility of resisting entropy, while still valuing the act of striving. By connecting kipple to Mercer’s climb, Isidore condenses the spiritual framework of Mercerism: though all systems decay, the effort to preserve order and meaning is inherently worthwhile, even in the face of failure. The balance Isidore maintains in his apartment serves as a microcosm of humanity’s larger struggle to stave off chaos. His Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaqu

Chapter 7 Quotes

“Because Wilbur Mercer is always renewed. He’s eternal. At the top of the hill he’s struck down; he sinks into the tomb world but then he rises inevitably. And us with him. So we’re eternal, too.”

Related Characters: John Isidore (speaker), Wilbur Mercer
Page Number and Citation: 71
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote carries added weight because of John’s role as one of the most vulnerable and isolated characters in the novel. John’s belief in Mercer’s eternal renewal reflects his desperate need for connection and meaning in a world that has largely abandoned him. As someone who society has dismissed, John clings to Mercerism’s promise of collective endurance. By identifying himself with Mercer’s cycle of resurrection, he finds a sense of belonging and purpose that his external reality denies him. John’s emphasis on “And us with him” is particularly significant given his isolation. For him, Mercerism is not just a philosophy Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Comm

Chapter 11 Quotes

Garland said, “It’s a chance anyway, breaking free and coming here to Earth, where we’re not even considered animals. Where every worm and wood louse is considered more desirable than all of us put together.”

Related Characters: Inspector Garland (speaker), Rick Deckard
Related Symbols: Animals
Page Number and Citation: 113
Explanation and Analysis:
In this scene, Garland is talking to Rick and giving him a sense of what it is like to be an android on Earth. Garland’s comment describes the disparity between how the society in the novel treats animals—both real and synthetic—and how it dehumanizes androids. Animals, whether authentic or artificial, are imbued with significant social and moral value. Ownership of an animal represents not just status but a demonstration of its owner’s empathy, the defining characteristic of humanity in this world. Even artificial animals, like Rick’s electric sheep, are cared for and revered because they symbolize connection to life and Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollit

Chapter 12 Quotes

The painting showed a hairless, oppressed creature with a head like an inverted pear, its hands clapped in horror to its ears, its mouth open in a vast, soundless scream. Twisted ripples of the creature’s torment, echoes of its cry, flooded out into the air surrounding it; the man or woman, whichever it was, had become contained by its own howl. It had covered its ears against its own sound. The creature stood on a bridge and no one else was present; the creature screamed in isolation.

Related Characters: Rick Deckard, Luba Luft, Phil Resch
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 121
Explanation and Analysis:
Here, Rick and Phil are at the Edvard Munch exhibit looking for Luba Luft. The painting being described in this quote is The Scream, Munch’s most famous work. The painting’s focus on the distorted, almost inhuman figure blurs the lines between humanity and otherness, echoing the novel’s central question: what does it mean to be human? The creature’s anguish is universal, transcending categories of species or origin, much like the androids’ struggles to assert their agency in a society that refuses to recognize their personhood. The setting of the painting—a bridge, with the figure alone and disconnected from others—parallels the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti solut

“Listen,” she said to Rick. Some of the color had returned to her face; once more she looked—at least briefly—alive. “Buy me a reproduction of that picture I was looking at when you found me. The one of the girl sitting on the bed.”

Related Characters: Luba Luft (speaker), Rick Deckard
Page Number and Citation: 123
Explanation and Analysis:
Luba Luft’s request for a reproduction of Munch’s Puberty (the painting described in this quote) holds layered significance, particularly when considering her status as an android. A print, unlike an original painting, is a copy—mechanically produced, yet capable of carrying emotional and artistic value. This parallels Luba’s own existence as an android: she is a manufactured being, yet one capable of appreciating art, beauty, and meaning. Her desire for the print resonates with her need to claim a piece of humanity, even through something that is itself an imitation. For an android, the print might symbolize the possibility of finding Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit be

Chapter 18 Quotes

“It has often been said by adherents of the experience of Mercerism that Wilbur Mercer is not a human being, that he is in fact an archetypal superior entity perhaps from another star. Well, in a sense this contention has proven correct. Wilbur Mercer is not human, does not in fact exist. The world in which he climbs is a cheap, Hollywood, commonplace sound stage which vanished into kipple years ago. And who, then, has spawned this hoax on the Sol System? Think about that for a time, folks.”

Related Characters: Buster Friendly (speaker), Wilbur Mercer, John Isidore
Page Number and Citation: 193
Explanation and Analysis:
This is a quote from Buster Friendly, an android who is running an exposé to expose Mercer as a fraud. Buster Friendly’s statement challenges the foundation of Mercerism by framing Mercer as a “cheap” Hollywood creation. His revelation serves as a calculated attack on the spiritual framework that many, like John, rely on to find meaning in their suffering. By describing Mercer’s world as a “commonplace sound stage,” Buster reduces what adherents view as a profound spiritual experience to an artificial illusion. His phrasing, “spawned this hoax,” casts doubt not only on Mercerism itself but also on the motives of Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum.

Chapter 20 Quotes

What a job to have to do, Rick thought. I’m a scourge, like famine or plague. Where I go the ancient curse follows. As Mercer said, I am required to do wrong. Everything I’ve done has been wrong from the start. Anyhow now it’s time to go home. Maybe, after I’ve been there awhile with Iran I’ll forget.

Related Characters: Iran Deckard, Rick Deckard, Wilbur Mercer
Page Number and Citation: 207
Explanation and Analysis:
Rick has just completed his work assignment of retiring six Nexus-6 androids in a single day. Rick’s thoughts reveal the crushing moral weight of his job as a bounty hunter. He sees himself as a force of destruction, comparing his work to natural disasters or ancient curses. This self-perception shows how deeply he internalizes the harm he causes, recognizing that his job doesn’t just eliminate androids but spreads suffering wherever he goes. Rather than framing his actions as necessary or justified, Rick accepts them as inherently wrong, reflecting his growing disillusionment. His reference to Mercer’s words about being required to Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus

Chapter 21 Quotes

“Mercer isn’t a fake,” he said. “Unless reality is a fake.” This hill, he thought. This dust and these many stones, each one different from all the others. “I’m afraid,” he said, “that I can’t stop being Mercer. Once you start it’s too late to back off.” Will I have to climb the hill again? he wondered. Forever, as Mercer does. . .trapped by eternity. “Good-bye,” he said, and started to ring off.

Related Characters: Rick Deckard (speaker), Wilbur Mercer, Ann Marsten
Page Number and Citation: 216
Explanation and Analysis:
Rick is on a video call with his secretary, Ann Marsten, discussing that Rick himself—who is walking in the desert at the moment—looks a lot like Mercer. By asserting that Mercer isn’t a fake “unless reality is a fake,” Rick alludes to the earlier revelation that Mercer isn’t real, and that Mercer’s climb up a hill was filmed on a sound stage. Despite the fact that what people experience when they use their empathy boxes isn’t real, Rick suggests that that actually doesn’t matter—what matters is how tuning in, experiencing suffering, and feeling empathy makes him feel. Additionally, this moment Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro p