Definition of Allegory
In a lengthy speech delivered to a group of perplexed but kind goatherds, Don Quixote employs allegory and allusion in order to describe the relative peace and prosperity of the so-called Golden Age:
Justice kept within her own bounds, and favour and interest, which now depreciate, confound and persecute her, did not dare assail or disturb her. As yet the judge could not make his whim the measure of the law, because there was nothing to judge and nobody to be judged. Maidens and modesty roamed, as I have said, wherever they wished, alone and mistresses of themselves, without fear of harm from others’ intemperance and lewd designs [...] And now, in these detestable times of ours, no maiden is safe, even if she is hidden away in the depths of another Cretan labyrinth.
Attempting to cheer up Don Quixote after his defeat by the Knight of the White Moon and subsequent retirement from knight errantry for a year, Sancho Panza invokes the well-known allegorical figure of Fortune:
Unlock with LitCharts A+It’s up to brave hearts, sir, to be patient when things are going badly, as well as being happy when they’re going well – and that I know from my own experience, because when I was a governor I was happy and now that I’m a squire on foot I’m not sad. For I’ve heard say that what they call fortune is a flighty woman who drinks too much, and, what’s more, she’s blind, so she can’t see what she’s doing, and she doesn’t know who she’s knocking over or who she’s raising up.