Everything That Rises Must Converge
by Flannery O’Connor

Julian’s Mother Character Analysis

A descendant of formerly slave-owning family that fell on hard times, she raised her son Julian by herself. Julian’s Mother laments integration and the cultural change sweeping the South as the death of a regal tradition, both in her family and in her region. Her deeply bigoted attitudes annoy Julian to no end and cause him to fight with her often. The narrator describes her as childlike, almost feeble-minded. Julian’s Mother values manners and appearances and loves cute children of all races so much that she has a habit of gifting them coins. But her gentility cannot hide her repugnant attitudes towards black people. Ultimately, her inability to internalize the surging cause of equality leads her to be struck by Carver’s Mother and suffer a stroke.

Julian’s Mother Quotes in Everything That Rises Must Converge

The Everything That Rises Must Converge quotes below are all either spoken by Julian’s Mother or refer to Julian’s Mother. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Racism, Similarity, and Difference Theme Icon
).

Everything That Rises Must Converge Quotes

“… and she said, ‘If you ask me, that hat does something for you and you do something for that hat, and besides,’ she said, ‘with that hat, you won’t meet yourself coming and going.’”

Related Characters: Julian’s Mother (speaker), Carver’s Mother
Related Symbols: The Hat
Page Number and Citation: 407
Explanation and Analysis:
While Julian and his Mother walk to the bus stop, she regales him with her hat-purchasing story. The phrase the sales clerk utters is an idiom, meaning that a piece of clothing is so unique that its owner is unlikely to see anyone else wearing it. However, Carver’s Mother ends up wearing the exact same hat. The clerk’s certainty that no one else would have such a hat suggests its uniqueness—and that Julian’s Mother and Carver’s mother must be quite similar to share such a particular fashion sense. Taken literally, the sales clerk’s phrase has different relevance to the story. Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expe

“You remain what you are,” she said. “Your great-grandfather had a plantation and two hundred slaves.”

“There are no more slaves,” he said irritably.

“They were better off when they were,” she said…“It’s ridiculous. It’s simply not realistic. They should rise, yes, but on their own side of the fence.”

Related Characters: Julian’s Mother (speaker), Julian (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 408
Explanation and Analysis:
As Julian’s Mother laments the collapse of slavery, she reveals a bigoted position, riddled with nonsensical contradictions. First, she believes a morally indefensible lie that any human would be “better off” as a slave. Yet, contradicting herself, she also invokes the doctrine of “separate but equal” touted by all conservative whites in the segregated South—thereby unintentionally revealing the truth that there is no equality in segregation. Like Julian’s Mother does here, many Southern whites claimed to support the equality of black people, as long as black people stayed away from them. Even though the Supreme Court ruled that the separation Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectu

It appeared in his dreams regularly. He would stand on the wide porch, listening to the rustle of oak leaves, then wander through the high-ceilinged hall in to the parlor that opened onto it and gaze at the worn rugs and faded draperies. It occurred to him that it was he, not she, who could have appreciated it. He preferred its threadbare elegance to anything he could name and it was because of it that all the neighborhoods they had lived in had been a torment to him – whereas she had hardly known the difference.

Related Characters: Julian, Julian’s Mother
Page Number and Citation: 408
Explanation and Analysis:
Julian finds himself daydreaming about his family’s old estate while his Mother talks about the family history. Julian has a complicated relationship to the old estate. While he despises his family’s history and the Southern tradition it represents, he finds himself attracted to its elegance, especially compared to his relatively impoverished upbringing. Although Julian doesn’t mourn the dissolution of slavery like his Mother does, he mourns the dissolution of his family’s status and grandeur, failing to see the ways in which the two are interlinked, his family’s wealth and power having been built on the institution of slavery. In this Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequun

He thrust his face toward her and hissed, “True culture is in the mind, the mind,” he said, and tapped his head, “the mind.”

“It’s in the heart,” she said, “and in how you do things and how you do things is because of who you are.”

Related Characters: Julian’s Mother (speaker), Julian (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 409
Explanation and Analysis:
Still waiting for the bus, Julian and his Mother fight about what constitutes “true culture,” or status, displaying divergent opinions. Julian believes that people have agency over their status and that one becomes a better person through educating oneself and believing the right things. Julian’s Mother, on the other hand, believes people have no control over their status and that it’s simply a quality one is born with, part of their constitution. Such positions are expressive of the characters’ progressivism and conservatism. That is, Julian believes society can change because he believes people can change, while his mother believes it Dolorem et quae. Exercitatione

Behind the newspaper Julian was withdrawing into the inner compartment of his mind where he spend most of his time. This was a kind of mental bubble in which he established himself when he could not bear to be a part of what was going on around him. From it he could see out and judge but in it he was safe from any kind of penetration from without. It was the only place where he felt free of the general idiocy of is fellows. His mother had never entered it but from it he could see her with absolute clarity.

Related Characters: Julian’s Mother
Page Number and Citation: 411
Explanation and Analysis:
Julian’s Mother engages in racist conversation with some of the other white passengers on the bus, causing Julian to retreat into his own mind to block out his surroundings. Julian’s response to frustrating situations—to hide within himself—helps to explain why he can seem removed from reality at times. While his intentions seem to be in the right place, Julian often uses his supposedly refined understanding of morality to feel superior to others. Julian’s inclination to remove himself from reality doesn’t allow him to see his society more clearly or engage with it more effectively, but rather simply enables him to Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non

She kept her eyes on the woman and an amused smile came over her face as if the woman were a monkey that had stolen her hat.

Related Characters: Carver’s Mother, Julian’s Mother
Related Symbols: The Hat
Page Number and Citation: 416
Explanation and Analysis:
Once Julian’s Mother recognizes that Carver’s Mother is wearing an identical hat, it becomes clear that the potential for the hat to be taken as a sign of the women’s basic similarity is lost on Julian’s Mother. In the 1960s in the American South, Carver’s Mother could not only shop at the same store as Julian’s Mother, but she could also have enough money to afford the same expensive hat. The appearance of the identical hat could have served as a sign to Julian’s Mother that she and Carver’s Mother are quite similar, having both fallen in love with such Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occae

“What all this means,” he said, “is that the old world is gone. The old manners are obsolete and your graciousness is not worth a damn.” He thought bitterly of the house that had been lost for him. “You aren’t who you think you are,” he said.

Related Characters: Julian (speaker), Julian’s Mother
Page Number and Citation: 419
Explanation and Analysis:
While Julian’s Mother is lying on the ground, recovering from Carver’s Mother’s blow, Julian takes the opportunity to finally teach her the lesson he’s been waiting to impart. Julian’s Mother’s style of traditional Southern racism, which is shrouded in manners and niceties, will no longer be tolerated in this new era. Julian argues that black people are fed up with this sort of insincerity. Propriety can longer hide such profound and deep-seated bigotry. While Julian’s Mother has always thought that who she is makes her good, Julian tells her this is all a delusion. Nevertheless, even in this moment, he Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut

The tide of darkness seemed to sweep him back to her, postponing from moment to moment his entry into the world of guilt and sorrow.

Related Characters: Julian, Julian’s Mother
Page Number and Citation: 420
Explanation and Analysis:
After Julian’s Mother suffers from the stroke, he begins to feel a sinister force drawing him back towards her. This tide of darkness might be the insipid force that seems to attract Julian to his family’s sordid legacy and the history of slavery in the South more generally. After spending the whole story attempting to distance himself from this dual history of racism, when everything goes awry, he is drawn towards it by a force outside him. The “guilt and sorrow” are left ambiguous, challenging the reader to determine what might be their source, and who might feel them. For Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamu
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Julian’s Mother Character Timeline in Everything That Rises Must Converge

The timeline below shows where the character Julian’s Mother appears in Everything That Rises Must Converge. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Everything That Rises Must Converge
Racism, Similarity, and Difference Theme Icon
Social Order and Disorder Theme Icon
Family Conflict and Generational Struggle Theme Icon
Julian’s Mother begins to lament the current state of society in the South. She believes that their... (full context)
Racism, Similarity, and Difference Theme Icon
Reality vs. Perception Theme Icon
Social Order and Disorder Theme Icon
Julian and Julian’s Mother board the bus and sit together next to a thin woman with protruding teeth. After... (full context)
Racism, Similarity, and Difference Theme Icon
Reality vs. Perception Theme Icon
Social Order and Disorder Theme Icon
...culture. The Well-Dressed Black Man takes an open seat across the aisle from Julian and Julian’s Mother , and as he sits down, the Woman with the Red and White Sandals leaves... (full context)
Racism, Similarity, and Difference Theme Icon
Reality vs. Perception Theme Icon
Social Order and Disorder Theme Icon
Family Conflict and Generational Struggle Theme Icon
...tamper with me,” and her dapper little boy, Carver. Carver takes the seat next to Julian’s Mother and Carver’s Mother takes the seat next to Julian, a circumstance which appears to annoy... (full context)
Racism, Similarity, and Difference Theme Icon
Family Conflict and Generational Struggle Theme Icon
Carver’s Mother orders Carver to leave his seat next to Julian’s Mother to come stand by her. Despite her racist leanings, Julian’s Mother finds children of all... (full context)
Racism, Similarity, and Difference Theme Icon
Reality vs. Perception Theme Icon
Social Order and Disorder Theme Icon
As Carver and his Mother are walking away, Julian’s Mother calls out to Carver, runs after him, and offers him the penny, which shines bronze... (full context)
Racism, Similarity, and Difference Theme Icon
Social Order and Disorder Theme Icon
Family Conflict and Generational Struggle Theme Icon
Julian’s Mother lays motionless on the ground, a blank expression on her face. Julian manages to help... (full context)
Racism, Similarity, and Difference Theme Icon
Social Order and Disorder Theme Icon
Family Conflict and Generational Struggle Theme Icon
...to break her spirit shifts to tenderness and he cries out “Mother! Darling, sweetheart, wait!” Julian’s Mother crumples to the pavement and Julian runs to her side. He turns her over and... (full context)