Gem of the Ocean

by

August Wilson

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Citizen Barlow Character Analysis

Citizen Barlow is a young man from Alabama. He escapes his home state and travels north in the hopes of finding a better life, but the odds are stacked against him. He settles in the Hill District but quickly falls prey to the local mill’s exploitative tactics, suddenly finding himself in debt to the mill. Unsure of what to do, he steals a bucket of nails—a crime that Caesar (the town constable) blames on a man named Garret Brown, who ends up dying to prove his own innocence. Citizen feels unspeakably guilty about letting Garret take the blame, so he seeks out Aunt Ester because he has heard she can cleanse people who aren’t “right” with themselves. At his core, then, Citizen is a desperate man who yearns to atone for the mistakes he’s made. Aunt Ester eventually teaches him that the only way to respond to what happened is by owning up to what he did and then moving on, making the most of his life while also engaging with his community of fellow Black Americans. Feeling “reborn” after his experience with Aunt Ester, he offers to help Solly go to Alabama to help Solly’s sister escape racist violence, thus putting himself in danger because he has come to recognize the importance of community and mutual support. Solly acts as a role model to him throughout the play, telling him about his experiences helping escapees on the Underground Railroad and talking about how freedom means nothing if other people are still living under oppression. When Caesar shoots and kills Solly, then, Citizen puts on Solly’s hat and grabs his walking stick, and the implication is that he’s going to devote himself to living like Solly did, working hard to liberate anyone facing oppression.

Citizen Barlow Quotes in Gem of the Ocean

The Gem of the Ocean quotes below are all either spoken by Citizen Barlow or refer to Citizen Barlow. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
The Meaning of Freedom Theme Icon
).
Act 1, Scene 2 Quotes

CITIZEN: He could have come out the river.

AUNT ESTER: That’s the only way he had to say he was innocent. It must have meant an awful lot for him to say that. He was willing to die to say that.

CITIZEN: I was standing there. I seen him. I thought he was gonna come out. I told myself he was gonna come out. […]

AUNT ESTER: Jesus Christ was falsely accused. He died a bitter death on the cross. This man was like Jesus. He say he would rather die innocent than to live guilty.

Related Characters: Aunt Ester (speaker), Citizen Barlow (speaker), Garret Brown
Page Number: 21
Explanation and Analysis:

They say they was paying two dollars a day but when we got there they say a dollar fifty. Then they say we got to pay two dollars room and board. They sent us over to a place the man say we got to put two dollars on top of that. Then he put two men to a room with one bed. […] I asked one fellow what board meant. He say they supposed to give you something to eat. They ain’t give us nothing. I say okay. I can’t make them give me nothing. What I’m gonna do? I got to eat. I bought a loaf of bread for a dime. A bowl of soup cost ten cents around the corner. I wasn’t desperate. I had sixty-five cents to make it payday. I ate half the bread and say I would get a bowl of soup tomorrow. Come payday they give me three dollars say the rest go on my bill. I had to give the man what own the house two dollars. What I’m gonna do, Miss Tyler? I told the people at the mill I was gonna get another job. They said I couldn’t do that ’cause I still owed them money and they was gonna get the police on me. I was gonna go to another city but then before I had a chance I killed a man.

Related Characters: Citizen Barlow (speaker)
Page Number: 23
Explanation and Analysis:
Act 1, Scene 3 Quotes

ELI: Freedom is what you make it.

SOLLY: That’s what I’m saying. You got to fight to make it mean something. All it mean is you got a long row to hoe and ain’t got no plow. Ain’t got no seed. Ain’t got no mule. What good is freedom if you can’t do nothing with it? I seen many a man die for freedom but he didn’t know what he was getting. If he had known he might have thought twice about it.

Related Characters: Solly Two Kings (speaker), Eli (speaker), Citizen Barlow
Page Number: 28
Explanation and Analysis:

CAESAR: Are you a troublemaker, Citizen Barlow? You ever been in jail?

CITIZEN: I ain’t never been in jail.

CAESAR: That’s where you heading. You got to have visible means of support around here. If I see you standing around looking to steal something and you ain’t got two dollars in your pocket you going to jail. You understand? Get you a job and stay out of trouble. Stay off the streets.

Related Characters: Citizen Barlow (speaker), Caesar Wilks (speaker)
Page Number: 31
Explanation and Analysis:
Act 1, Scene 5 Quotes

He didn’t care if anybody else knew if he did it or not. He knew. He didn’t do it for the people standing around watching. He did it for himself. He say I’d rather die in truth than to live a lie. That way he can say that his life is worth more than a bucket of nails. What is your life worth, Mr. Citizen? That’s what you got to find out. You got to find a way to live in truth.

Related Characters: Aunt Ester (speaker), Citizen Barlow, Garret Brown
Page Number: 45
Explanation and Analysis:
Act 2, Scene 4 Quotes

CITIZEN: I don’t know. Sometimes I lay awake at night when I be lonely and ask myself what I would say to her. Sometimes I tell her to stop being lonely. I tell her it’s something she doing to herself. But then I’m laying there lonely too and I have to ask myself was it something I was doing to myself? I don’t know. I ain’t lonely now. I ain’t got no woman but I still don’t feel lonely. I feel all filled up inside. That’s something I done to myself. So maybe I did make myself lonely.

BLACK MARY: You got to be right with yourself before you can be right with anybody else.

Related Characters: Citizen Barlow (speaker), Black Mary (speaker)
Page Number: 73
Explanation and Analysis:
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Citizen Barlow Quotes in Gem of the Ocean

The Gem of the Ocean quotes below are all either spoken by Citizen Barlow or refer to Citizen Barlow. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
The Meaning of Freedom Theme Icon
).
Act 1, Scene 2 Quotes

CITIZEN: He could have come out the river.

AUNT ESTER: That’s the only way he had to say he was innocent. It must have meant an awful lot for him to say that. He was willing to die to say that.

CITIZEN: I was standing there. I seen him. I thought he was gonna come out. I told myself he was gonna come out. […]

AUNT ESTER: Jesus Christ was falsely accused. He died a bitter death on the cross. This man was like Jesus. He say he would rather die innocent than to live guilty.

Related Characters: Aunt Ester (speaker), Citizen Barlow (speaker), Garret Brown
Page Number: 21
Explanation and Analysis:

They say they was paying two dollars a day but when we got there they say a dollar fifty. Then they say we got to pay two dollars room and board. They sent us over to a place the man say we got to put two dollars on top of that. Then he put two men to a room with one bed. […] I asked one fellow what board meant. He say they supposed to give you something to eat. They ain’t give us nothing. I say okay. I can’t make them give me nothing. What I’m gonna do? I got to eat. I bought a loaf of bread for a dime. A bowl of soup cost ten cents around the corner. I wasn’t desperate. I had sixty-five cents to make it payday. I ate half the bread and say I would get a bowl of soup tomorrow. Come payday they give me three dollars say the rest go on my bill. I had to give the man what own the house two dollars. What I’m gonna do, Miss Tyler? I told the people at the mill I was gonna get another job. They said I couldn’t do that ’cause I still owed them money and they was gonna get the police on me. I was gonna go to another city but then before I had a chance I killed a man.

Related Characters: Citizen Barlow (speaker)
Page Number: 23
Explanation and Analysis:
Act 1, Scene 3 Quotes

ELI: Freedom is what you make it.

SOLLY: That’s what I’m saying. You got to fight to make it mean something. All it mean is you got a long row to hoe and ain’t got no plow. Ain’t got no seed. Ain’t got no mule. What good is freedom if you can’t do nothing with it? I seen many a man die for freedom but he didn’t know what he was getting. If he had known he might have thought twice about it.

Related Characters: Solly Two Kings (speaker), Eli (speaker), Citizen Barlow
Page Number: 28
Explanation and Analysis:

CAESAR: Are you a troublemaker, Citizen Barlow? You ever been in jail?

CITIZEN: I ain’t never been in jail.

CAESAR: That’s where you heading. You got to have visible means of support around here. If I see you standing around looking to steal something and you ain’t got two dollars in your pocket you going to jail. You understand? Get you a job and stay out of trouble. Stay off the streets.

Related Characters: Citizen Barlow (speaker), Caesar Wilks (speaker)
Page Number: 31
Explanation and Analysis:
Act 1, Scene 5 Quotes

He didn’t care if anybody else knew if he did it or not. He knew. He didn’t do it for the people standing around watching. He did it for himself. He say I’d rather die in truth than to live a lie. That way he can say that his life is worth more than a bucket of nails. What is your life worth, Mr. Citizen? That’s what you got to find out. You got to find a way to live in truth.

Related Characters: Aunt Ester (speaker), Citizen Barlow, Garret Brown
Page Number: 45
Explanation and Analysis:
Act 2, Scene 4 Quotes

CITIZEN: I don’t know. Sometimes I lay awake at night when I be lonely and ask myself what I would say to her. Sometimes I tell her to stop being lonely. I tell her it’s something she doing to herself. But then I’m laying there lonely too and I have to ask myself was it something I was doing to myself? I don’t know. I ain’t lonely now. I ain’t got no woman but I still don’t feel lonely. I feel all filled up inside. That’s something I done to myself. So maybe I did make myself lonely.

BLACK MARY: You got to be right with yourself before you can be right with anybody else.

Related Characters: Citizen Barlow (speaker), Black Mary (speaker)
Page Number: 73
Explanation and Analysis: