Gilead

by Marilynne Robinson

John’s Grandfather Character Analysis

John’s grandfather, like John’s father, was also named the Reverend John Ames, and he, too, was a minister. He was married to Margaret Todd Ames. He was borne in Maine and moved to Kansas in the 1830s, after experiencing a vision in which God told him to fight for the abolitionist cause there. Late in life, John’s grandfather lived with John’s family in Gilead but, restless and disillusioned, he returned to Kansas. His family was never certain what became of him until John and his father wandered the Kansas countryside and eventually located his grave. John thinks of his grandfather as some kind of strange saint—he interpreted some biblical commands quite literally, giving away anything his family owned to anyone who asked for it. He served as a chaplain during the Civil War and lost an eye in battle. John remembers that his grandfather always looked as if he’d just been struck by lightning, with wild hair and a piercing, one-eyed stare. Both John and his father always felt implicated in John’s grandfather’s violence in Kansas in various ways—John helped his father destroy his grandfather’s old pistol, for example. But they respond to their guilt in different ways; while both men become pacifists, John’s father becomes resentful of his father’s radicalism and subsequent neglect of his family, while John is able to see both beauty and weakness in his grandfather’s convictions.

John’s Grandfather Quotes in Gilead

The Gilead quotes below are all either spoken by John’s Grandfather or refer to John’s Grandfather. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Life, Death, and Beauty Theme Icon
).

Pages 5-8 Quotes

Well, see and see but do not perceive, hear and hear but do not understand, as the Lord says. I can’t claim to understand that saying, as many times as I’ve heard it, and even preached on it. It simply states a deeply mysterious fact. You can know a thing to death and be for all purposes completely ignorant of it. A man can know his father, or his son, and there might still be nothing between them but loyalty and love and mutual incomprehension.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Father, John’s Grandfather
Page Number and Citation: 5
Explanation and Analysis:

Pages 31-37 Quotes

He could make me feel as though he had poked me with a stick, just by looking at me. Not that he meant any harm to speak of. He was just afire with old certainties, and he couldn’t bear all the patience that was required of him by the peace and by the aging of his body and by the forgetfulness that had settled over everything. He thought we should all be living at a dead run.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), John’s Grandfather
Related Symbols: Fire and Light
Page Number and Citation: 31-32
Explanation and Analysis:

He told me once that being blessed meant being bloodied, and that is true etymologically, in English—but not in Greek or Hebrew. So whatever understanding might be based on that derivation has no scriptural authority behind it. It was unlike him to strain interpretation that way. He did it in order to make an account of himself, I suppose, as most of us do.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), John’s Grandfather
Page Number and Citation: 36
Explanation and Analysis:

Pages 46-50 Quotes

To be useful was the best thing the old men ever hoped for themselves, and to be aimless was their worst fear. I have a lot of respect for that view. When I spoke to my father about the vision he had described to me, my father just nodded and said, “It was the times.” He himself never claimed any such experience, and he seemed to want to assure me I need not fear that the Lord would come to me with His sorrows. And I took comfort in the assurance. That is a remarkable thing to consider.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Father, John’s Son (The Boy), John’s Grandfather
Page Number and Citation: 49
Explanation and Analysis:

Pages 86-94 Quotes

I believe that the old man did indeed have far too narrow an idea of what a vision might be. He may, so to speak, have been too dazzled by the great light of his experience to realize that an impressive sun shines on us all. Perhaps that is the one thing I wish to tell you. Sometimes the visionary aspect of any particular day comes to you in the memory of it, or it opens to you over time. For example, whenever I take a child into my arms to be baptized, I am, so to speak, comprehended in the experience more fully, having seen more of life, knowing better what it means to affirm the sacredness of the human creature. I believe there are visions that come to us only in memory, in retrospect. That’s the pulpit speaking, but it’s telling the truth.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), John’s Grandfather, John’s Father
Related Symbols: Water, Fire and Light
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 91
Explanation and Analysis:

Pages 173-179 Quotes

I would call that experience a vision. We had visions in those days, a number of us did. Your young men will have visions and your old men will dream dreams. And now all those young men are old men, if they’re alive at all, and their visions are no more than dreams, and the old days are forgotten. […]

The President, General Grant, once called Iowa the shining star of radicalism. But what is left here in Iowa? What is left here in Gilead? Dust. Dust and ashes. Scripture says the people perish, and they certainly do. It is remarkable. For all this His anger is not turned away, but His Hand is stretched out still.

Related Characters: John’s Grandfather (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), Rev. John Ames
Page Number and Citation: 175-176
Explanation and Analysis:

So my advice is this—don’t look for proofs. Don’t bother with them at all. They are never sufficient to the question, and they’re always a little impertinent, I think, because they claim for God a place within our conceptual grasp. And they will likely sound wrong to you even if you convince someone else with them. That is very unsettling over the long term. […]

I’m not saying never doubt or question. The Lord gave you a mind so that you would make honest use of it. I’m saying you must be sure that the doubts and questions are your own, not, so to speak, the mustache and walking stick that happen to be the fashion of any particular moment.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), Edward Ames, John’s Grandfather, John’s Father
Page Number and Citation: 179
Explanation and Analysis:

Pages 191-200 Quotes

I have wandered to the limits of my understanding any number of times, out into that desolation, that Horeb, that Kansas, and I’ve scared myself, too, a good many times, leaving all landmarks behind me, or so it seemed. And it has been among the true pleasures of my life. Night and light, silence and difficulty, it seemed to me always rigorous and good. I believe it was recommended to me by Edward, and also by my reverend grandfather when he made his last flight into the wilderness. I may once have fancied myself such another tough old man, ready to dive into the ground and smolder away the time till Judgment. Well, I am distracted from that project now. My present bewilderments are a new territory that make me doubt I have ever really been lost before.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), Edward Ames, John’s Grandfather, Jack (John Ames) Boughton
Page Number and Citation: 191
Explanation and Analysis:

Pages 200-209 Quotes

I mention this because it seems to me transformations just that abrupt do occur in this life, and they occur unsought and unawaited, and they beggar your hopes and your deserving. This came to my mind as I was reflecting on the day I first saw your mother, that blessed, rainy Pentecost.

That morning something began that felt to me as if my soul were being teased out of my body, and that’s a fact. I have never told you how all that came about, how we came to be married. And I learned a great deal from the experience, believe me. It enlarged my understanding of hope, just to know that such a transformation can occur. And it has greatly sweetened my imagination of death, odd as that may sound.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), Lila (John’s Wife), John’s Grandfather
Related Symbols: Water
Page Number and Citation: 203
Explanation and Analysis:

Pages 232-237 Quotes

A stranger might ask why there is a town here at all. Our own children might ask. And who could answer them? It was just a dogged little outpost in the sand hills, within striking distance of Kansas. That’s really all it was meant to be. It was a place John Brown and Jim Lane could fall back on when they needed to heal and rest. There must have been a hundred little towns like it, set up in the heat of an old urgency that is all forgotten now, and their littleness and their shabbiness, which was the measure of the courage and passion that went into the making of them, now just look awkward and provincial and ridiculous, even to the people who have lived here long enough to know better. It looks ridiculous to me. I truly suspect I never left because I was afraid I would not come back.

Related Characters: Rev. John Ames (speaker), John’s Son (The Boy), John’s Grandfather
Page Number and Citation: 234
Explanation and Analysis:
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John’s Grandfather Character Timeline in Gilead

The timeline below shows where the character John’s Grandfather appears in Gilead. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Pages 5-8
Christian Faith, Mystery, and Ministry Theme Icon
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
John’s grandfather on his mother’s side was a preacher, and his father’s father and grandfather, too. Such... (full context)
Pages 9-17
Life, Death, and Beauty Theme Icon
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
...1880 in Kansas; his father and mother were John and Martha Turner Ames, and his grandfather and grandmother were John and Margaret Todd Ames. As he writes, he is 76 years... (full context)
Life, Death, and Beauty Theme Icon
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
When John was 12, his father took him to his grandfather’s grave. At this point, the family had been living in Gilead for about 10 years.... (full context)
Life, Death, and Beauty Theme Icon
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
...was buried. After many letters of inquiry, somebody sent John’s father a package containing the grandfather’s watch and old Bible. John’s father grieved that his last words to his father had... (full context)
Life, Death, and Beauty Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
...wildflower seeds they’d saved from their own garden. Then his father sat silently by John’s grandfather’s grave for a long time. (full context)
Pages 31-37
Christian Faith, Mystery, and Ministry Theme Icon
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
...poverty.” His father’s father never kept anything that he could give away. He thinks his grandfather was some kind of a saint. He lost an eye while fighting in the Civil... (full context)
Christian Faith, Mystery, and Ministry Theme Icon
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
John wishes that his son could have known his grandfather. His single eye used to stare straight through John. He was “afire with old certainties”... (full context)
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
John recalls a time when some folks approached his grandfather for help, so his grandfather asked John’s mother for money. She fished 45 cents out... (full context)
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Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
Looking back, John believes that his grandfather’s eccentricities were “thwarted passion” and “pent grief.” He knew his father felt judged by his... (full context)
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
...wash hanging in the yard. John remembers being surprised when his mother jokingly imitated his grandfather, closing one eye and saying, “I know there is a blessing in this somewhere.” His... (full context)
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Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
Loneliness and Love Theme Icon
After most of his grandfather’s friends began to die off, his grandfather grew lonely, and that’s when he ran off... (full context)
Pages 46-50
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
John remembers traveling to Des Moines with his grandfather to watch Bud Fowler play for Keokuk, when he was about 10. The game was... (full context)
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Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
Once, John’s grandfather told him about a vision he had when he was 16, after falling asleep by... (full context)
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Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
John remarks that his grandfather always seemed as if he’d just been struck by lightning and was “the most unreposeful... (full context)
Pages 58-63
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
John remembers a story, likely embellished, that his grandfather and friends used to tell. Once, in an abolitionist settlement near Gilead, the people established... (full context)
Pages 72-83
Life, Death, and Beauty Theme Icon
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
...he has strayed from his subject—his son’s “begats”—and there’s so much left to say. His grandfather was in the Union Army. He was considered too old for the regular army, so... (full context)
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
...about this because once he helped his father throw a pistol into the river. His grandfather had gotten the gun in Kansas, and they found it among his possessions after he... (full context)
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
Once John asked his father if his grandfather had done something wrong, and his father said that God would be the judge of... (full context)
Pages 83-86
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Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
John remembers an argument that his father and grandfather had once. His grandfather walked out during his father’s sermon and returned to the house... (full context)
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Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
John’s grandfather said that this is exactly what kills him—that the Lord never came to his son.... (full context)
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Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
John has kept a note his grandfather left behind, saying that “No good has come, no evil is ended.” But John remembers... (full context)
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
Over time, John learned about his grandfather’s involvement in the violence that took place in Kansas before the Civil War. His grandfather... (full context)
Pages 86-94
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Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
John’s father told him stories while they wandered around Kansas, searching for his grandfather’s grave. He told John that after the war, he used to spend Sabbaths with the... (full context)
Life, Death, and Beauty Theme Icon
Christian Faith, Mystery, and Ministry Theme Icon
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
John’s grandfather knew his church was dying. He did odd jobs for the needy and tried to... (full context)
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John thinks that in the end, his grandfather’s idea of visions was probably too narrow. He thinks sometimes the “visionary” comes to a... (full context)
Pages 94-99
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Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
The family was always careful about approaching his grandfather from his right side—the side with the missing eye—since that seemed to be where his... (full context)
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
One day while walking to school, John saw some kids teasing his grandfather while he was picking blackberries, tugging on his coat and running away. While John stood... (full context)
Pages 99-104
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Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
John’s father said that upon their return from the army, he walked into John’s grandfather’s church and saw a needlework tapestry hanging above the communion table. The words on it... (full context)
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Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
...the Quakers while his father struggled to comfort his congregation after the war. Sometimes his grandfather’s congregation would start singing along with the Methodist camp meeting in the middle of the... (full context)
Pages 104-110
Christian Faith, Mystery, and Ministry Theme Icon
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
...followed by several horses, a wounded man being led on one of them, and John’s  grandfather following. Not yet 10 years old, he went up and sat in the dark church.... (full context)
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Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
...night, Brown’s men had headed for the hills, knowing they were being followed. Later, John’s grandfather was heading back home carrying his gun and foolishly carrying two bloody shirts, too. This... (full context)
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Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
...never forgave himself for not going and looking for the man. The next Sunday, his grandfather had preached in a bloody shirt while clutching his gun. From then on, he often... (full context)
Pages 110-115
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...point. He did tell them that the church’s weathervane was brought from Maine by his grandfather. The vane has a rooster on it, and there’s a bullet hole at the base... (full context)
Pages 123-127
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
John has heard from both his father and his grandfather that when you encounter another person, it’s as if the Lord is asking you a... (full context)
Pages 166-173
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
...remarks that a man he met in Tennessee had heard of Gilead and of John’s grandfather. He’d also heard that in the Civil War, there was a regiment of Black soldiers.... (full context)
Pages 173-179
Christian Faith, Mystery, and Ministry Theme Icon
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
...those saints came to seem like mere eccentrics. John even felt this way about his grandfather, dreading his disappointment. The older generation judged people with great harshness for failing to embrace... (full context)
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John remembers a certain Fourth of July when his grandfather was asked to speak. (The mayor who invited him doesn’t seem to have known just... (full context)
Pages 185-191
Christian Faith, Mystery, and Ministry Theme Icon
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
...had been to name Jack Theodore Dwight Weld. John liked that name, especially since his grandfather had loved Weld’s preaching. But during the baptism, when John asked Boughton what the child’s... (full context)
Pages 191-200
Christian Faith, Mystery, and Ministry Theme Icon
Loneliness and Love Theme Icon
...one of the greatest pleasures of John’s life. He believes that both Edward and his grandfather inspired him to do this. However, his “present bewilderments” make him feel more lost than... (full context)
Christian Faith, Mystery, and Ministry Theme Icon
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Estrangement and Reconciliation Theme Icon
John remembers his father and grandfather shelling walnuts on the porch one day, as they did every autumn. When they weren’t... (full context)
Pages 200-209
Life, Death, and Beauty Theme Icon
Memory, Vision, and Conviction Theme Icon
Loneliness and Love Theme Icon
...and Boughton were looking for something in the shallows of the river, when suddenly his grandfather appeared and threw a hatful of water over them; they stood there “shining like the... (full context)
Christian Faith, Mystery, and Ministry Theme Icon
Loneliness and Love Theme Icon
...for wanting to see her and hear her voice again. He remarks that if his grandfather did “throw his mantle” over John, the holiness of his life gave the same holiness... (full context)