The Girls of Slender Means
by Muriel Spark

Authenticity and Humility Theme Analysis

Themes and Colors
Gender  Theme Icon
Youth and Romantic Idealism  Theme Icon
Authenticity and Humility  Theme Icon
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In 1945, when Jane and the other May of Teck Girls first encounter Nicholas Farringdon, he is a free-spirited poet who presents himself as a radical anarchist with a strong social conscience. In truth, however, Nicholas isn’t particularly committed to his professed values, and he doesn’t have a clear sense of what he believes in or where he is headed in life. Nicholas is like most of the May of Teck girls in this regard. Though the girls entertain various passing fancies—whether diets, lofty intellectual pursuits, or suitors—their interests are fleeting and mostly superficial. They are more concerned with how they appear to others than with how they actually are. Joanna Childe offers a striking contrast to the others. The daughter of a clergyman, Joanna is unflinchingly devout in her faith and diligent in her responsibilities. Having sworn off romance years ago, she focuses instead on poetry and on honing her elocution skills, and she devotes herself to her pupils, instructing them in careful, consistent pronunciation. Jane’s elocution lessons are threaded through the narrative as her voice carries through the halls of the May of Teck Club. She strives not to make an impression on others but to actively engage with her community, instilling in her pupils and in those who overhear her lessons virtue and religious humility as she demonstrates the proper way to recite poetry or psalms.

When the club catches fire and the girls frantically race to escape the smoky, collapsing building, Joanna remains inside, reciting her poetry as she has done throughout the novel. She remains authentically herself, offering a muted sense of calm to the panicked girls who surround her. In the end, Joanna’s quiet devotion proves fateful when she lingers too long in the burning building, and it collapses before she can escape. It is no coincidence that seeing Joanna in her final moments of life precedes Nicholas’s conversion to Catholicism. Juxtaposed with the superficiality of his love interest Selina, who shamelessly reenters the building and risks her life to save a taffeta gown, Joanna’s quiet, selfless devotion impresses upon Nicholas what it actually means to authentically live—and die—for one’s beliefs. Primarily through Joanna, then, The Girls of Slender Means implicitly links authenticity with humility and selflessness. Authenticity, the novel suggests, comes not from one’s professed beliefs, but from how one embodies those beliefs through their actions and regard for others.

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Authenticity and Humility ThemeTracker

The ThemeTracker below shows where, and to what degree, the theme of Authenticity and Humility appears in each chapter of The Girls of Slender Means. Click or tap on any chapter to read its Summary & Analysis.
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Authenticity and Humility Quotes in The Girls of Slender Means

Below you will find the important quotes in The Girls of Slender Means related to the theme of Authenticity and Humility .

Chapter 1 Quotes

Long ago in 1945 all the nice people in England were poor, allowing for exceptions.

Related Characters: Nicholas Farringdon
Page Number and Citation: 7
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 2 Quotes

Nobody at the May of Teck Club knew her precise history, but it was generally assumed to be something emotionally heroic. She was compared to Ingrid Bergman, and did not take part in the argument between members and staff about the food, whether it contained too many fattening properties, even allowing for the necessities of wartime rationing.

Related Characters: Joanna Childe, Joanna’s Father
Page Number and Citation: 25
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 3 Quotes

Jane went back to her brain-work and shut the door with a definite click. She was rather tyrannous about her brain-work, and made a fuss about other people’s wirelesses on the landing, and about the petty-mindedness of these haggling bouts that took place with Anne when the taffeta dress was wanted to support the rising wave of long-dress parties.

Related Characters: Jane Wright, Anne Baberton, Joanna Childe
Related Symbols: Schiaparelli Taffeta Gown
Page Number and Citation: 35
Explanation and Analysis:

Poise is perfect balance, an equanimity of body and mind, complete composure whatever the social scene. Elegant dress, immaculate grooming, and perfect deportment all contribute to the attainment of self-confidence.

Related Characters: Selina Redwood (speaker), Joanna Childe
Page Number and Citation: 50
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 4 Quotes

Every communist has a fascist frown; every fascist has a communist smile.

‘Ha!’ said Rudi.

‘I thought that was a very profound bit,’ Jane said, as it was the only bit she could remember.

‘That is why he writes it in, he counts that the bloody book has got to have a public, so he puts in some little bits of aphorism, very clever, that a girl like you likes to hear, by the way. It means nothing, this, where is the meaning?’ Most or Rudi’s words were louder-sounding than he had intended, as the girl at the piano had pause for rest.

Related Characters: Rudi Bittesch (speaker), Jane Wright (speaker), Nicholas Farringdon
Page Number and Citation: 55-56
Explanation and Analysis:

‘I ask you a question,’ Rudi said. ‘It is a simple question. He wants monarchy, he wants anarchism. What does he want? These are two enemies in all of history. Simple answer is, he is a mess.’

Related Characters: Rudi Bittesch (speaker), Jane Wright, Nicholas Farringdon
Page Number and Citation: 58
Explanation and Analysis:

The twittering movements at other points in the room, Joanna’s singular vice, the beautiful aspects of poverty and charm amongst these girls in the brown-papered drawing-room, Selina, furled like a long soft sash, in her chair, came to Nicholas in a gratuitous flow. Months of boredom had subdued him to intoxication by an experience which, at another time, might itself have bored him.

Related Characters: Joanna Childe, Selina Redwood, Nicholas Farringdon
Page Number and Citation: 61
Explanation and Analysis:

Some days later [Nicholas] took Jane to a party to meet the people she longed to meet, young male poets in corduroy trousers and young female poets with waist-length hair, or at least females who typed the poetry and slept with the poets, it was nearly the same thing.

Related Characters: Nicholas Farringdon, Jane Wright, George
Page Number and Citation: 61
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 5 Quotes

It was in fact a misunderstanding of Nicholas—[Jane] vaguely thought of him as a more attractive Rudi Bittesch—to imagine he would receive more pleasure and reassurance from a literary girl than simply a girl. It was the girl in Jane that had moved him to kiss her at the party; she might have gone further with Nicholas without her literary leanings. That was a mistake she continued to make in her relations with men, inferring from her own preference for men of books and literature their preference for women of the same business. And it never really occurred to her that literary men, if they like women at all, do not want literary women but girls.

Related Characters: Jane Wright, Nicholas Farringdon, Rudi Bittesch, Selina Redwood, Colonel Felix Dobell
Page Number and Citation: 75-76
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 6 Quotes

A girl in a long evening dress slid in the doorway, furtively. Her hair fell round her shoulders in a brown curl. Through the bemused mind of the loitering, listening man went the fact of a girl slipping furtively into the hall; she had a meaning, even if she had no meaningful intention.

Related Characters: Nicholas Farringdon, Pauline Fox, Selina Redwood
Related Symbols: Schiaparelli Taffeta Gown
Page Number and Citation: 87
Explanation and Analysis:

He said, ‘I don’t think I’ve ever seen such a gorgeous dress.’

‘Schiaparelli,’ she said.

He said, ‘Is it the one you swap amongst yourselves?’

‘Who told you that?’

‘You look beautiful,’ he replied.

She picked up the rustling skirt and floated away up the staircase.

Oh, girls of slender means!

Related Characters: Nicholas Farringdon (speaker), Pauline Fox (speaker), Anne Baberton
Related Symbols: Schiaparelli Taffeta Gown
Page Number and Citation: 89
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 7 Quotes

She said, ‘How can you bear to live here?’

He said, ‘It does till one finds a flat.’

In fact he was quite content with his austere bed-sitting room. With the reckless ambition of a visionary, he pushed his passion for Selina into a desire that she, too, should accept and exploit the outlines of poverty in her life. He loved her as he loved his native country. He wanted Selina to be an ideal society personified amongst her bones, he wanted her beautiful limbs to obey her mind and heart like intelligent men and women, and for these to possess the same grace and beauty as her body. Whereas Selina’s desires were comparatively humble, she only wanted, at that particular moment, a packet of hair-grips which had just then disappeared from the shops for a few weeks.

Related Characters: Selina Redwood (speaker), Nicholas Farringdon (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 91-92
Explanation and Analysis:

Tilly said, ‘I always love the May of Teck. It’s like being back at school.’ Tilly always said that, it was infuriating.

Related Characters: Tilly (speaker), Jane Wright, Nicholas Farringdon, George
Page Number and Citation: 102
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 8 Quotes

‘Greggie’s bomb,’ Jane said, grinning at Tilly. ‘Greggie was right,’ she said. This was a hilarious statement, but Tilly did not laugh, she closed her eyes and lay back. Tilly was only half-dressed and looked very funny indeed. Jane then laughed loudly at Nicholas, but he too had no sense of humour.

Related Characters: Jane Wright (speaker), Greggie, Tilly, Nicholas Farringdon
Page Number and Citation: 114
Explanation and Analysis:

When she landed on the roof-top she said, ‘Is it safe out here?’ and at the same time was inspecting the condition of her salvaged item. Poise is perfect balance. It was the Schiaparelli dress. The coat-hanger dangled from the dress like a headless neck and shoulders.

‘Is it safe out here?’ said Selina.

‘Nowhere’s safe,’ said Nicholas.

Related Characters: Selina Redwood (speaker), Nicholas Farringdon (speaker), Anne Baberton
Related Symbols: Schiaparelli Taffeta Gown , The Slit Window
Page Number and Citation: 126
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 9 Quotes

‘You should fear him,’ Rudi said. ‘He makes ladies scream by the way. Selina got a fright from him today.’

‘I got a fright from her last time.’

‘Have you found her then?’ said Jane.

‘Yes, but she’s suffering from shock. I must have brought all the horrors back to her mind.’

‘It was hell,’ Jane said.

‘I know.’

Related Characters: Rudi Bittesch (speaker), Jane Wright (speaker), Nicholas Farringdon (speaker), Selina Redwood
Related Symbols: Schiaparelli Taffeta Gown
Page Number and Citation: 139
Explanation and Analysis:

Here, another seaman, observed only by Nicholas, slid a knife silently between the ribs of a woman who was with him. The lights went up on the balcony, and a hush anticipated the Royal appearance. The stabbed woman did not scream, but sagged immediately. Someone else screamed through the hush, a woman, many yards away, some other victim. Or perhaps that screamer had only had her toes trodden upon. The crowd began to roar again. All their eyes were at this moment fixed on the Palace balcony, where the royal family had appeared in due order. Rudi and Jane were busy yelling their cheers.

Related Characters: Jane Wright, Nicholas Farringdon, Rudi Bittesch, Selina Redwood
Page Number and Citation: 141
Explanation and Analysis: