Gone with the Wind

Gone with the Wind

by Margaret Mitchell

Gone with the Wind: Chapter 40 Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
After a sleepless night, Scarlett watches the sun rise over Tara. Despite having no master, Tara looks good and the cotton is growing. Scarlett feels thankful for Will. She knows he is responsible for the plantation’s success, not Ashley. Tara is now a small farm, not a “planter-aristocrat” estate, but it’s saved thanks to Will.
Tara has survived by going back to the basics. Instead of being a lavish plantation where its masters live at ease, it is a humble farm. Scarlett knows that Ashley—who can’t detach himself from the beauty of the old “planter aristocrat” days—won’t be able to take pride in Tara’s new look.
Themes
The Civil War and Reconstruction Theme Icon
Looking Forward vs. Looking Back Theme Icon
Pork has dug Gerald’s grave beside Ellen’s. Four men carry out the coffin, followed by a crowd of neighbors. Scarlett notices that Pork’s hair is newly grey. Suellen cries noisily, irritating Scarlett because Suellen caused Gerald’s death. The neighbors all think Suellen has done something worse than murder Gerald by trying to make him break loyalty to the South. Mr. McRae, Grandma Fontaine, and Mrs. Tarleton—Gerald’s closest friends—are particularly angry at her. Will and Ashley talk in Ellen’s office about what to do about the angry neighbors. Will is afraid of someone causing a scene. Ashley just sighs; he’s giving the service later. Usually neighbors can speak after the service, so Will suggests he speak first to head off bad comments from others.
As far as the neighbors are concerned, Suellen committed a crime worse than murder. Southerners feel that loyalty to the Cause is the most important thing in the world, and that it is worth dying for. Therefore, Suellen did the worst thing possible in trying to persuade Gerald to break loyalty to the Cause.  Scarlett, on the other hand, is angry at Suellen for bringing about Gerald’s death. Before she found out that Suellen’s trick led to Gerald’s death, she approved of her scheme to comply with the Yankees to get money. In this way, Scarlett isn’t a faithful Southerner—and neither is Suellen.
Themes
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Classism and Racism  Theme Icon
Practicality, Tenacity, and Selfishness Theme Icon
The coffin is laid in the grave as the neighbors file in. Scarlett is surprised to see that so many people came. Scarlett notices Cathleen Calvert, acting as if her husband hadn’t helped bring about Gerald’s death. Cathleen is greasy and her fingernails are dirty. Scarlett realizes she’d be just like Cathleen if it wasn’t for luck and her “gumption.” Scarlett lifts her chin proudly. Ashley steps to the front with Carreen’s bible. Scarlett thinks he is better than any priest would be as he proceeds with Hail Marys instead of words about Purgatory. Reaching the end of the Catholic prayers, Ashley launches into an Episcopal service.
Themes
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When he finishes, Ashley asks if anyone wants to say a few words. Before anyone else could volunteer, Will rises. He says he didn’t know Gerald well, but in a few weeks he would’ve called him Pa. He announces he is going to marry Suellen. The crowd mutters. Mrs. Tarleton’s eyes snap, but Will’s eyes silently dare her to criticize his fiancé. Will says that Gerald was a true Georgian and had Georgians’ good points and bad points. He was fearless and resilient, and nothing from the outside could beat him. But he was beaten from the inside: when Ellen died, his heart died.
Themes
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Looking Forward vs. Looking Back Theme Icon
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Scarlett finds Will’s common sense comforting. Will says every Southerner is like Gerald: they can be beaten from the inside when their mainspring—whatever it is—is broken. Mourning would be selfish, for Gerald is happier dead. Then Will asks Mrs. Tarleton to take Scarlett out of the hot sun. Scarlett is humiliated that Will has drawn attention to her pregnancy. Mrs. Tarleton takes her inside, and Grandma Fontaine goes with them.
Themes
The Civil War and Reconstruction Theme Icon
Looking Forward vs. Looking Back Theme Icon
Grandma Fontaine says Will was really just trying to remove her and Mrs. Tarleton before they said anything disruptive, and to spare Scarlett the sight of the dirt piling up on Gerald’s grave. Grandma Fontaine observes that Scarlett has nothing now that her parents are dead, but that she’s strong enough to stand alone. Mrs. Tarleton warns Grandma Fontaine not to upset Scarlett into a miscarriage, but Scarlett says she isn’t one of those “miscarrying girls.” Grandma Fontaine sends Mrs. Tarleton for glasses of buttermilk.
Themes
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Scarlett unbuttons her tight bodice and looks at the portrait of Grandma Robillard with her breasts half-out. Grandma Fontaine asks if Will is serious about marrying Suellen. Scarlett says he is, and Tara is lucky to have him. Grandma Fontaine says Scarlett loves Tara so much that she doesn’t mind Suellen marrying an uneducated man from poor lineage to keep it. Scarlett asks why class matters right now. Grandma Fontaine says some people would say she is ignoring rules that should never be ignored, but Scarlett holds firm. Grandma Fontaine asks Scarlett to kiss her, proud of how tenacious she is. She says Will is a gentleman at heart, and he’ll do good by Tara. She says he was right when he said people are beaten when they hold onto things that are gone.
Themes
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Classism and Racism  Theme Icon
Grandma Fontaine says Southerners always stand back up after being beaten, because Southerners are like ripe buckwheat with sap in it; it knows how to stand back up after it’s blown down. Grandma Fontaine says that some people don’t know how to stand up, like Cathleen Calvert, but the Fontaines and the Tarletons knew how. Scarlett adds that the Wilkeses do too. Grandma disagrees, saying India and Honey haven’t tried to catch rich husbands, and Ashley can’t even raise a plow. She says Ashley is built for reading books. Alex Fontaine was like that, but necessity made him a good farmer. Grandma Fontaine says Melanie keeps Ashley afloat. Melanie reminds Grandma Fontaine of a young Ellen.
Themes
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Practicality, Tenacity, and Selfishness Theme Icon
Women and Power Theme Icon
Scarlett is angry that Grandma Fontaine is insulting Ashley. Grandma says Ashley is so different from Scarlett, who went to Atlanta to scrounge money however she could. Scarlett says she’s wrong. Grandma says Scarlett is smart with money, but not smart like a woman: she knows nothing about people. Scarlett realizes that Grandma made her mad so she’d forget about Gerald, and thanks her.  The old lady smiles. Mrs. Tarleton comes back with the buttermilk and says the guests are coming inside.
Themes
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Women and Power Theme Icon