Human Acts

by Han Kang
Jin-su is the unspoken leader of the student organizers during the 5:18 uprising. He is also a boss, mentor, and support system for Dong-ho, Eun-sook, and Seon-ju. Jin-su advises Dong-ho to leave the Provincial Office when Chun Doo-hwan’s soldiers return to Gwangju. When Dong-ho refuses, Jin-su tells him to surrender. Still, Jin-su blames himself for Dong-ho’s death, a loss that haunts him long into adulthood. After being imprisoned and tortured alongside an unnamed narrator and the young Yeong-chae, Jin-su loses faith completely, slipping into a life of depression and alcoholism. After Yeong-chae is institutionalized for a violent outburst, Jin-su wonders what the point of existence is; “it was only when we were shattered,” he reflects, “that we proved we had souls.” Unable to bear the brutality that he and his closest friends have been subjected to, Jin-su kills himself in 1990, 10 years after the uprising.

Jin-su Quotes in Human Acts

The Human Acts quotes below are all either spoken by Jin-su or refer to Jin-su. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Human Connection Theme Icon
).

Chapter 3: The Editor, 1985 Quotes

His face was utterly ordinary. Thin lips, no noticeable irregularities to his features. He wore a pale yellow shirt with a wide collar, and his gray suit trousers were held up by a belt. Its buckle gleamed. Had they met by chance in the street, she would have taken him for some run-of-the-mill company manager or section chief.

“Bitch. A bitch like you, in a place like this? Anything could happen, and no one would find out.”

At this point, the force of the slap had already burst the capillaries in her cheek and the man's fingernails had broken her skin. But Eun-sook hadn't known that yet.

Related Characters: The Interrogator (speaker), Dong-ho, Jin-su, President Chun Doo-hwan, Eun-sook, The Translator
Page Number: 69
Explanation and Analysis:

Certain crowds do not blench at the prospect of looting, murder, and rape, while on the other hand, others display a level of courage and altruism which those making up that same crowd would have had difficulty in achieving as individuals. The author argues that, rather than this latter type of crowd being made-up of especially noble individuals, that nobility which is a fundamental human attribute is able to manifest itself through borrowing strength from the crowd; also, similarly, that the former case is one in which humanity's essential barbarism is exacerbated not by the especially barbaric nature of any of the individuals involved, but through that magnification which occurs naturally in crowds.

Related Characters: Eun-sook, President Chun Doo-hwan, Jin-su, Dong-ho
Page Number: 96
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 4: The Prisoner, 1990 Quotes

Kids crouching beneath the windows, fumbling with their guns and complaining that they were hungry, asking if it was OK for them to quickly run back and fetch the sponge cake and Fanta they'd left in the conference room; what could they possibly have known about death that would have enabled them to make such a choice?

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Jin-su, Dong-ho, Yeong-chae
Page Number: 117
Explanation and Analysis:

Looking at that boy's life, Jin-su said, what is this thing we call a soul? Just some nonexistent idea? Or something that might as well not exist? Or no, is it like a kind of glass? Glass is transparent, right? And fragile. That's the fundamental nature of glass. And that's why objects that are made of glass have to be handled with care. After all, if they end up smashed or cracked or chipped, then they're good for nothing, right, you just have to chuck them away.

Before, we used to have a kind of glass that couldn't be broken. A truth so hard and clear it might as well have been made of glass. So when you think about it, it was only when we were shattered that we proved we had souls. Though what we really were was humans made of glass.

Related Characters: Jin-su (speaker), The Narrator (speaker), Dong-ho, Yeong-chae
Page Number: 130
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 5: The Factory Girl, 2002 Quotes

Some weekend afternoon when the sun-drenched scene outside the window seems unusually still and Dong-ho’s profile flips into your mind, mightn’t the thing flickering in front of your eyes be what they call a soul? In the early hours of the morning, when dreams you can’t remember have left your cheeks wet and the contours of that face jolt into an abrupt clarity, mightn’t that wavering be a soul’s emergence? And the place they emerged from, that they waver back into, would it be as black as night or dusk's coarse weave? Dong-ho, Jin-su, the bodies at your own hands washed and dressed, might they be gathered there in that place, or are they sundered, several, scattered? You are aware that, as an individual, you have the capacity for neither bravery nor strength.

Related Characters: Seon-ju, The Professor/Yoon, Dong-ho, Jin-su, Jeong-dae
Page Number: 172
Explanation and Analysis:

If I demanded that you go home, Dong-ho; if I’d begged, while we sat there eating gimbap, you would have done as I asked, wouldn’t you?

And that’s why you’re coming to me now.

To ask why I’m still alive.

You walk, your eyes red rim seeming carved with some keen blade. Hurrying back to the bright lights of the emergency department.

There’s only one thing for me to say to you, onni.

If you’ll allow me to.

If you'll please allow me.

[…] As you walk along the straight white line that follows the center of the road, you raise your head to the falling rain.

Don’t die.

Just don’t die.

Related Characters: Seon-ju (speaker), Seong-hee, Eun-sook, Dong-ho, Jin-su
Page Number: 174
Explanation and Analysis:
Get the entire Human Acts LitChart as a printable PDF.
Human Acts PDF

Jin-su Character Timeline in Human Acts

The timeline below shows where the character Jin-su appears in Human Acts. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Chapter 1: The Boy, 1980
Youth, Courage, and Naivety  Theme Icon
...sits in the front row of class, and puberty has not yet lowered his voice. Jin-su, the quiet, “almost feminine” leader of the Provincial Office volunteers, was initially surprised that a... (full context)
Human Connection Theme Icon
...the Provincial Office: Eun-sook and Seon-ju work to clean the bodies, Dong-ho covers them, and Jin-su creates the posters that inform the people of Gwangju who has died. The thing that... (full context)
Youth, Courage, and Naivety  Theme Icon
...started filling up with bodies, Dong-ho tried to move some of the corpses outside. When Jin-su saw this, he immediately worried about what would happen if it rained. Jin-su then got... (full context)
Bodies and Vulnerability Theme Icon
Afterlife and the Soul Theme Icon
Soon after Jin-su transported the bodies to the gym, some grieving families began decorating each coffin with a... (full context)
Bodies and Vulnerability Theme Icon
Youth, Courage, and Naivety  Theme Icon
Back in the present, another truckload of bodies pulls up the gym. Jin-su is firm that the soldiers are coming back tonight—and that by 6:00 p.m., all the... (full context)
Chapter 3: The Editor, 1985
Bodies and Vulnerability Theme Icon
Jin-su arrives, asking three of the women to stay behind as guards. Though all of the... (full context)
Chapter 4: The Prisoner, 1990
Human Connection Theme Icon
Bodies and Vulnerability Theme Icon
Three times a day, the guards fed the prisoners. The narrator was paired with Kim Jin-su, who ate little. As they shared their small portions, the narrator felt Kim Jin-su’s eyes... (full context)
Bodies and Vulnerability Theme Icon
...professor would want to dredge up all his most painful memories with this interview. Besides, Jin-su’s experiences were not identical to the narrator’s. Because of Jin-su’s somewhat feminine features, he was... (full context)
Human Connection Theme Icon
Bodies and Vulnerability Theme Icon
In 1980, during the uprising, Jin-su was still only a freshman in college. The narrator did not know Jin-su well, so... (full context)
Bodies and Vulnerability Theme Icon
Youth, Courage, and Naivety  Theme Icon
Afterlife and the Soul Theme Icon
But as the army approaches, Jin-su suddenly finds himself overcome with tiredness. He lays down, and soon the rest of the... (full context)
Bodies and Vulnerability Theme Icon
Youth, Courage, and Naivety  Theme Icon
 The narrator and Jin-su were old enough to make this decision for themselves, but Dong-ho was not. He was... (full context)
Human Connection Theme Icon
Youth, Courage, and Naivety  Theme Icon
...prisoner, a quiet, brave boy with a stutter, is named Kim Yeong-chae. Every so often, Jin-su talks to Yeong-Chae; he tells Yeong-Chae he does not need to use honorifics with him,... (full context)
Bodies and Vulnerability Theme Icon
The narrator explains that he was given a nine-year sentence, and Jin-su was given seven years. But these sentences didn’t really mean anything: the men were released... (full context)
Bodies and Vulnerability Theme Icon
Youth, Courage, and Naivety  Theme Icon
...soju until neither of them are really conscious. Then, this becomes a ritual: for years, Jin-su and the narrator meet to lament their loneliness and inability to work, as they swap... (full context)
Human Connection Theme Icon
Bodies and Vulnerability Theme Icon
In 1989, the narrator finally starts working as a taxi driver. One rainy night, Jin-su approaches the narrator after his taxi shift. Jin-su looks even more devastated than usual, and... (full context)
Bodies and Vulnerability Theme Icon
Afterlife and the Soul Theme Icon
As he told this story, Jin-su wondered aloud what a soul was, desperate to know what Yeong-chae lost when the torturers... (full context)
Bodies and Vulnerability Theme Icon
Language, Memory, and Power  Theme Icon
Shortly after that visit, the narrator reads about Jin-su’s death in the newspaper. There are not enough coffin-bearers at Jin-su’s funeral, so the narrator... (full context)
Human Connection Theme Icon
Youth, Courage, and Naivety  Theme Icon
On that day in Gwangju, the narrator and Jin-su lay with their faces down while the soldiers taunted them (“I was in Vietnam, you... (full context)
Chapter 5: The Factory Girl, 2002
Human Connection Theme Icon
Language, Memory, and Power  Theme Icon
As she thinks of Dong-ho and Jin-su, Seon-ju reflects that she has “the capacity for neither bravery nor strength.” She blames herself... (full context)