I Stand Here Ironing
by Tillie Olsen

The Narrator Character Analysis

The narrator is a working class woman and mother of five children. The entire story occurs as the narrator, while ironing clothes, worries about her oldest daughter Emily. Given that she was nineteen when her daughter Emily was born and Emily is nineteen at the story’s start, it’s safe to assume that the Narrator is about 38 years old. She has worked extensively outside the home at a number of jobs, as well as acting as the primary caretaker for her children. She was a single mother for some time after Emily’s father left the family and then remarried a few years later to a man described only as Bill. The narrator reveals little about her own background and instead tells her story through the lens of her relationship with Emily. Although the narrator seems to be a hardworking and responsible mother, she is overcome with feelings of guilt and uncertainty about the mistakes she might have made in raising Emily, and hopes that Emily will have a richer life than she, the narrator, did.

The Narrator Quotes in I Stand Here Ironing

The I Stand Here Ironing quotes below are all either spoken by The Narrator or refer to The Narrator. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Poverty, Labor, and Domestic Life Theme Icon
).

I Stand Here Ironing Quotes

And when is there time to remember, to sift, to weigh, to estimate, to total? I will start and there will be an interruption and I will have to gather it all together again. Or I will become engulfed with all I did or did not do, with what should have been and what cannot be helped.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Emily
Page Number and Citation: 5
Explanation and Analysis:
At the story’s start, the narrator expresses doubt that she can provide meaningful insight into her daughter Emily’s life. This quote sets up what a challenge the task of accounting for Emily’s childhood will be, and it also hints at the narrator’s domestic realities and her relationship with time. By expecting “an interruption,” the narrator indicates that her time is constrained by the various tasks she’s responsible for, and indirectly states that uninterrupted time for reflection is not a luxury she feels able to claim for herself or her daughter. Finally, the narrator mentions the danger of feeling “engulfed” by Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. U

I nursed her. They feel that’s important nowadays. I nursed all the children, but with her, with all the fierce rigidity of first motherhood, I did like the books then said. Though her cries battered me to trembling and my breasts ached with swollenness, I waited till the clock decreed.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Emily
Related Symbols: Clocks
Page Number and Citation: 6
Explanation and Analysis:
The narrator’s description of nursing the infant Emily according to the exact guidelines laid out by her books is the story’s first specific instance of the narrator denying her own instincts in favor of obedience to external authority. Even though Emily’s cries and the narrator’s own body indicate a particular course of action to the narrator (presumably, nursing immediately), she nonetheless feels limited by others’ expectations of how motherhood should look (waiting to nurse until a certain time). This is also an early indication of the ways in which female social roles (such as motherhood) offer the story’s characters both Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui

[B1]Except that it would have made no difference if I had known. It was the only place there was. It was the only way we could be together, the only way I could hold a job.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Emily
Page Number and Citation: 7
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote is one of the few times in the story that the narrator explicitly notes the inevitability of her parenting choices. Speaking of her decision to send Emily to nursery school at age two, she expresses guilt about the conditions that Emily suffered there, but openly states that her economic circumstances left her with no better options for Emily’s care. It is significant that she chooses to emphasize the need for the family to “be together.” This focus demonstrates that even though her choices caused Emily pain, they also enabled her to remain part of the loving family that Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Vo

I think of our others in their three-, four-year-oldness—the explosions, the tempers, the denunciations, the demands—and I feel suddenly ill. I put the iron down. What in me demanded that goodness in her? And what was the cost, the cost to her of such goodness?

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Emily
Related Symbols: The Iron
Page Number and Citation: 7
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, the narrator reflects on Emily’s unflagging obedience, even in doing things that she hated. Seemingly for the first time, she compares Emily to her other children at the same age and realizes that Emily’s obedience may have caused her hidden harm. The narrator then locates the cause of this obedience within herself, assuming that something about her own behavior made Emily feel that she could not disobey. The connection between mother and daughter expands the theme of toxic obedience from the narrator outward to Emily, setting up the contrast that occurs later with Emily’s embrace of self-expression Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim ne

“It wasn’t just a little while. I didn’t cry. Three times I called you, just three times, and then I ran downstairs to open the door so you could come faster. The clock talked loud. I threw it away, it scared me what it talked.”

Related Characters: Emily (speaker), The Narrator
Related Symbols: Clocks
Page Number and Citation: 8
Explanation and Analysis:
Emily speaks these words when the narrator comes home after staying out late and finds Emily wide awake and the hall clock thrown on the floor. Notably, this is one of Emily’s only pieces of extended dialogue throughout the story. While the symbolic clock functioned as an annoyance or a burden to the narrator, Emily’s relationship to it has intensified into genuine fear. For Emily, it seems, the burden of being left alone while her mother is out is a new phase of maturity that she feels unprepared to handle, and her fear of the clock indicates that she suspects, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta

There was a boy she loved painfully through two school semesters. Months later she told me how she had taken pennies from my purse to buy him candy. “Licorice was his favorite and I brought him some every day, but he still liked Jennifer better’n me. Why, Mommy?” The kind of question for which there is no answer.

Related Characters: Emily (speaker), The Narrator (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 10
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote occurs during the narrator’s description of the many ways in which life was challenging for Emily as a school-aged child. As the narrator has done throughout the story, Emily makes what seems to her to be the most logical choice to get what she wants, and yet the outcome is nonetheless painful. Here, as throughout, doing the “right” thing fails to produce an understandable outcome. Additionally, the behavior of the nameless boy mentioned here adds nuance to the theme of female identity and its burdens. The boy has no identifying features other than his seemingly blithe obliviousness to Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusam

Oh there are conflicts between the others too, each one human, needing, demanding, hurting, taking—but only between Emily and Susan, no, Emily toward Susan that corroding resentment. It seems so obvious on the surface, yet it is not obvious. Susan, the second child, Susan, golden- and curly-haired and chubby, quick and articulate and assured, everything in manner and appearance that Emily was not.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Emily, Susan
Page Number and Citation: 11
Explanation and Analysis:
The narrator describes Emily’s relationship with her sister Susan and relates her own feelings of guilt in failing to foster a better relationship between them. In addition to adding dimension to the ways in which the narrator scrutinizes her own parenting, Emily and Susan’s relationship is the story’s starkest depiction of the pains and pressures of female identity. Susan’s more conventional beauty and easy willingness to live up to expectations of femininity make her childhood significantly easier than Emily’s. At the same time, the contrast with Susan makes Emily even more self-conscious about her own perceived shortcomings and turns their Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidu

In this and other ways she leaves her seal, I say aloud. And startle at my saying it. What do I mean? What did I start to gather together, to try and make coherent? I was at the terrible, growing years. War years. I do not remember them well. I was working, there were four smaller ones now, there was not time for her. She had to help be a mother, and housekeeper, and shopper. She had to set her seal.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Emily
Page Number and Citation: 12
Explanation and Analysis:
The narrator surprises herself by speaking aloud of Emily’s contributions to family life. Her uncertainty in this passage builds toward her final surrender at the end of the story, as she continues to explore Emily’s past without ever being sure of the accuracy or value of her interpretations. She also links Emily’s identity to the same kinds of domestic labor that have defined her own life, further demonstrating the way that poverty shaped Emily’s development. Her choice of the word “terrible” to describe the “growing years” also ties back to the idea of the clock forcing growth forward, even as Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae vol

Afterwards: You ought to do something about her with a gift like that—but without money or knowing how, what does one do? We have left it all to her, and the gift has as often eddied inside, clogged and clotted, as been used and growing.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Emily
Page Number and Citation: 13
Explanation and Analysis:
In these lines, the narrator describes her reaction to Emily’s newfound gift of comedy performance. The narrator acknowledges her daughter’s unique talent, but fears that she will not be able to help Emily develop her skill further. Even at this later, more stable phase of their lives, lack of time and money still impose limitations that even Emily’s extraordinary talent cannot overcome. Again, the narrator feels powerless against her circumstances and so Emily faces this challenge essentially alone. The word choices of “clogged and clotted” to describe Emily’s gift also evoke the dark side of self-expression. Emily has found a Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati.

I will never total it all. I will never come in to say: She was a child seldom smiled at. Her father left me before she was a year old. I had to work her first six years when there was work, or I sent her home and to his relatives. There were years she had care she hated. She was dark and thin and foreign-looking in a world where the prestige went to blondeness and curly hair and dimples, she was slow where glibness was prized. She was a child of anxious, not proud, love. We were poor and could not afford for her the soil of easy growth. I was a young mother, I was a distracted mother. There were the other children pushing up, demanding. Her younger sister seemed all that she was not. There were years she did not let me touch her. She kept too much in herself, her life was such she had to keep too much in herself. My wisdom came too late. She has much to her and probably little will come of it. She is a child of her age, of depression, of war, of fear.

Related Characters: The Narrator (speaker), Emily
Page Number and Citation: 13
Explanation and Analysis:
The narrator’s rapid, almost breathless summary of the events of Emily’s life concludes the story with the idea that, even after having gathered all of these elements together, the narrator is still unable to ascribe a coherent meaning to them. At the same time, she also demonstrates that she has succeeded in relating the facts of Emily’s life, which she had previously felt herself unable to do. In reviewing these facts one more time, the narrator touches upon all the themes that have frustrated her throughout the story’s telling, from the constraints of poverty to her guilt and insecurity in Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus
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The Narrator Character Timeline in I Stand Here Ironing

The timeline below shows where the character The Narrator appears in I Stand Here Ironing. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
I Stand Here Ironing
Poverty, Labor, and Domestic Life Theme Icon
Female Identity Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
As the narrator irons, she addresses an unidentified person who has asked her to discuss her nineteen-year-old daughter... (full context)
Poverty, Labor, and Domestic Life Theme Icon
Female Identity Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Obedience vs. Self-Expression Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
Emily, the oldest of the narrator’s five children, “was a beautiful baby,” even though she spent much of her childhood fearing... (full context)
Poverty, Labor, and Domestic Life Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
Emily was a “miracle” to the narrator, but at eight months old, she had to start spending days with the downstairs neighbor... (full context)
Poverty, Labor, and Domestic Life Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Obedience vs. Self-Expression Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
While living with her father’s family, Emily got chicken pox and she returned to the narrator seeming thin and nervous, with “all that baby loveliness gone.” Emily then began nursery school... (full context)
Time Theme Icon
Obedience vs. Self-Expression Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
The narrator did know that Emily hated school, because she often made excuses not to go. While... (full context)
Time Theme Icon
Obedience vs. Self-Expression Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
While the narrator applied the neighbor’s advice about smiling to parenting her other children, it was “too late... (full context)
Time Theme Icon
Obedience vs. Self-Expression Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
The clock “talked loud again” the night the narrator gave birth to Emily’s sister Susan. Emily became sick with measles then and prone to... (full context)
Female Identity Theme Icon
Obedience vs. Self-Expression Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
At one point, Emily’s doctors convinced the narrator to send Emily to live at “a convalescent home in the country” to recover from... (full context)
Female Identity Theme Icon
Obedience vs. Self-Expression Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
...his favorite candy and couldn’t understand why he still loved someone else instead, although the narrator doesn’t believe that this kind of question has an answer. (full context)
Female Identity Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Obedience vs. Self-Expression Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
...was not “glib or quick,” which made people think she was a “slow learner.” The narrator often allowed Emily to stay home, even when she knew that Emily was faking sickness.... (full context)
Poverty, Labor, and Domestic Life Theme Icon
Female Identity Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Obedience vs. Self-Expression Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
Ronnie, the narrator’s youngest child, cries out to be changed, interrupting the narrator’s recollections. While cuddling with his... (full context)
Poverty, Labor, and Domestic Life Theme Icon
Obedience vs. Self-Expression Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
The narrator remarks that Emily’s newfound gift made her “Somebody,” but it left her “as imprisoned in... (full context)
Poverty, Labor, and Domestic Life Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
Emily runs happily up the stairs and enters the room where the narrator is ironing. Cheerful and talkative, she jokes about the fact that her mother is always... (full context)
Poverty, Labor, and Domestic Life Theme Icon
Time Theme Icon
Obedience vs. Self-Expression Theme Icon
Responsibility and Guilt Theme Icon
The narrator can no longer endure “dredging up the past,” and she can never “total it all”:... (full context)