Intimate Apparel

by

Lynn Nottage

Teachers and parents! Our Teacher Edition on Intimate Apparel makes teaching easy.

Intimate Apparel: Act 2, Scene 4 Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
Esther enters Mayme's boudoir. Mayme is excited and says that she's been saving up for something new. She wants something that a young woman might wear on her wedding night. Esther jokingly says that Mayme never speaks like this and asks what's going on. Mayme says that they all call him "Songbird," and when they were finished the first night, Mayme didn't want him to leave. She invited him to stay for a drink and didn't mind when he drank her whole bottle. She says that he's gentle, not angry like most black men, and he comes three times per week and always leaves before midnight. Esther says he sounds wonderful.
For Mayme, Songbird makes it very clear what she's been missing in terms of intimacy through the course of her work. This man appears respectful, kind, and makes Mayme feel seen in a way that most men can't, as they're interested only in sex. That Mayme is so taken with this man shows that as cynical as she may be, she's also not immune from being hopeful about men, just as Esther was about George.
Themes
Intimacy and Friendship Theme Icon
The American Dream Theme Icon
Mayme admits that this man has a rich wife that causes him trouble, and he talks horribly about her often. Esther says that the wife is probably awful, but Mayme should still be careful. Mayme shushes Esther and then excitedly pulls out the gift that this man recently gave her: the smoking jacket that Esther made. Esther is shocked and says that the man must like her a lot. She talks about how fine the fabric is. Mayme says that the man says that she's his girl, and she half hopes that he's telling the truth. Esther asks what Mayme thinks should happen to the wife, but Mayme says she's probably "just a sorry gal." Esther suggests that the wife might be good, and that the man might just be saying things to woo Mayme.
Seeing the smoking jacket confirms that Songbird is actually George. Esther doesn't say anything to Mayme about this in part because she's so shocked, but also because it's possible that she doesn't want to destroy Mayme's happiness. In this sense, Esther is supporting her friendship with Mayme instead of trying to regain some control over her marriage by saying something that would make Mayme stop seeing George.
Themes
Intimacy and Friendship Theme Icon
Quotes
Mayme insists that it doesn't matter. Esther asks Mayme if she ever thinks about the women who wash her clients' underwear and says that there's a woman out there who nervously gets up every five minutes, waiting for her husband to come home—but because she thinks so highly of him, she doesn't ask questions. Mayme isn't interested in listening, but Esther says that this woman thinks her husband is playing cards, and she isn't angry when he comes home because she just wants him next to her. Mayme, exasperated and hurt, reminds Esther that she's complicit in this business and says that she doesn't want to worry about the wives. Esther goes home.
Esther is, of course, talking about herself, and she shows here that she still idealizes George and their marriage as much as she possibly can. For Mayme, thinking about her clients' wives, humanizing them, and empathizing with them would make her job impossible to do. This shows how Mayme's job actually encourages her to not cultivate friendships with women who are different than she is.
Themes
Intimacy and Friendship Theme Icon
Race, Class, and Exploitation Theme Icon
Gender and Expectations Theme Icon
The American Dream Theme Icon
George stands in his brand new suit while Esther pins the hem of the pants. George thinks it makes him look American. He says that it seems like more men are wearing shorter jackets that are more colorful, but Esther says that the men who dress like that aren't gentlemen. She starts to tell him the story that accompanies this Scottish wool, but George cuts her off. Esther finishes pinning and asks him to take them off so she can finish them. George says he needs to wear the pants out this evening, so he'll just wear them pinned. Esther is surprised; she bought pork chops to make the way that George likes, and she has a surprise. She asks George if he wants it now, and he excitedly agrees to close his eyes.
What George suggests he's attracted to here are suits worn by "dandies," or men who were more interested in being out in society and being seen wearing fancy clothes than anything else. Esther's unwillingness to make George a suit styled like that shows that she wants him to conform to her idea of what a man should be, and that he should be proper husband and allow her to perform proper femininity in return.
Themes
Gender and Expectations Theme Icon
Get the entire Intimate Apparel LitChart as a printable PDF.
Intimate Apparel PDF
Nervously, Esther puts on lipstick and puts a rose in her hair. She pulls off her dress and is wearing a corset much like Mayme's. She strikes an awkward pose and tells George to open his eyes. George is visibly disappointed and chuckles in disgust and amusement. He tells Esther to get dressed, and Esther asks if this isn't what he wants. She puts his hand on her waist and timidly reminds George that he has responsibilities. She asks why he won't touch her. George grabs her and kisses her, and though it's rough, Esther lets him. George pushes Esther away and says that she just wants him to do what she wants so she can feel powerful.
Esther's attempt to seduce George fails because at this point, George is so disillusioned with Esther and with New York. That Esther is clearly not what he wants to see mirrors the way that New York is unable to live up to his dreams. Putting up with George's rough treatment shows that Esther has gotten to the point where she's willing to sacrifice the particulars of what she wants to get some version of a functional marriage, even if doing so is uncomfortable.
Themes
Gender and Expectations Theme Icon
The American Dream Theme Icon
George says that in Panama, he knew where he stood: he had income and nobody judged him. Esther, however, promised all sorts of things in her letters, but none of the things she promised have come to fruition. Now, he says, there are 12 draft horses for sale, and Esther just wants him to "lie down." Esther tells him to stop and George eyes the crazy quilt. She refuses to give him the money, saying that it's half of her life. George asks what he's supposed to do when his own wife doesn't believe in him. He knows he can make money with the draft horses and in two years, they can be a fashionable couple, Esther can have her beauty parlor, and he will come home for supper every night and sleep only with Esther.
George believes that in Panama, he was afforded a level of dignity that in New York, with Esther pressuring him to behave a certain way, he just can't recreate. Whether the draft horses are real or not, they represent George's desperate desire to look strong and in control of his world, which he believes he doesn't since Esther is the one who controls their family's finances and choices. By characterizing Esther's choice to not hand over her savings as not believing in him, he forces Esther into thinking that this is the only way to save her marriage.
Themes
Race, Class, and Exploitation Theme Icon
Gender and Expectations Theme Icon
The American Dream Theme Icon
Quotes
George touches and kisses Esther again, too roughly. She asks if he's telling the truth and when he assures her he is, she breaks away, rips open her crazy quilt, and pulls out the money. She puts the cash in George's hands and seems almost relieved. George looks surprised to have gotten his way and he smiles as he fondles the cash. Esther asks George to put the money back and buy the horses tomorrow, but George ignores her and puts the money in a bag. Esther sits, humiliated, and pulls on her dress. She whispers and asks George if he loves her. He callously says she looks spooked and says that she's his wife.
George's response to Esther's question of whether he loves her shows clearly that he doesn't; for him, having a wife doesn't mean that he has to love her, no matter what their letters said about love. Now that Esther has given up her money and with it, her dreams for the future, everything starts to fall apart and Esther is forced to confront the reality that she married a man who will use and demean her to get his way.
Themes
Intimacy and Friendship Theme Icon
Gender and Expectations Theme Icon
The American Dream Theme Icon
In a whisper, Esther says she didn't write the letters. George doesn't hear her, and Esther says it again, loudly. She admits that she's been afraid that he'd find out that she lied and retrieves a stack of letters tied with a ribbon. She says that she looks at them every day, but she can't read them and she can't tell if they tell the truth or not. She says she believed from the letters that George loved her, but she knows that George isn't the gentleman he made himself out to be: a gentleman would've thanked her for the money. Yelling, she asks George who wrote his letters.
Speaking this truth allows Esther to reassert her independence and stand up for what she believes in: trust and open communication which, in reality, she's never had with George and the opportunity for which George squandered by making fun of her dreams early on. He never gave her the safe space to tell the truth, which could've allowed them to build a more honest relationship.
Themes
Intimacy and Friendship Theme Icon
George says that an old man wrote the letters, and that he paid extra for the fancy handwriting. Esther says that she's not really Mrs. Armstrong. She and George are strangers, and at least before they were married, Esther knew that she was a good and decent woman. George reaches for her, but Esther recoils. George says that he's not a thief; he meant what he wrote even if he didn't write the words. He promises to bring her horses and says they can begin again.
Here, Esther suggests that in getting married, she lost herself and the parts of her identity that she prized the most. Marriage now is something that makes Esther even less of a proper woman, as she clearly can't control George and make him behave in a way that would make her look like a good wife.
Themes
Gender and Expectations Theme Icon
Quotes