Lady Susan

by

Jane Austen

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Letters Symbol Icon

Lady Susan is an epistolary novella (meaning that the story is told almost entirely through letters between characters), and these letters represent the characters’ inability to be their authentic selves within polite society. In 18th-century Britain, where the book is set, upper-class people like the Vernons and the De Courcys were governed by strict rules of etiquette (manners) that required them to be polite. For this reason, the characters can’t reveal their true feels and motivations—for instance, Catherine often writes to her mother, Lady De Courcy, about her brother Reginald and his attachment to Lady Susan. Though Catherine must be outwardly polite to Lady Susan, she writes at length about her manipulative nature, something she can never discuss openly. Even notorious liar Lady Susan uses letters to express herself honestly, writing to her best friend, Alicia Johnson, about her plans to make the Vernon family miserable. Granted, Lady Susan doesn’t always come clean about her true motivations, but her letters do reveal her cruelty, which she hides from others when communicating with them face to face. In this way, letters represent the social constraints of polite society and the characters’ inability to openly express their true selves—for better or worse.

Letters Quotes in Lady Susan

The Lady Susan quotes below all refer to the symbol of Letters. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Gender, Power, and Manipulation Theme Icon
).
Letters 1–10 Quotes

But I was determined to be discreet, to bear in mind my being only four months a widow, and to be as quiet as possible,—and I have been so; my dear creature, I have admitted no one's attentions but Manwaring's, I have avoided all general flirtation whatever, I have distinguished no creature besides of all the numbers resorting hither, except Sir James Martin, on whom I bestowed a little notice in order to detach him from Miss Manwaring. But if the world could know my motive there, they would honour me. I have been called an unkind mother, but it was the sacred impulse of maternal affection, it was the advantage of my daughter that led me on; and if that daughter were not the greatest simpleton on earth, I might have been rewarded for my exertions as I ought.—Sir James did make proposals to me for Frederica—but Frederica, who was born to be the torment of my life, chose to set herself so violently against the match, that I thought it better to lay aside the scheme for the present.

Related Characters: Lady Susan (speaker), Frederica Vernon, Alicia Johnson, Sir James Martin, Mr. Manwaring, Miss Manwaring
Related Symbols: Letters
Page Number: 4
Explanation and Analysis:

I was certainly not disposed to admire her, though always hearing she was beautiful; but I cannot help feeling that she possesses an uncommon union of symmetry, brilliancy and grace. Her address to me was so gentle, frank and even affectionate, that if I had not known how much she has always disliked me for marrying Mr Vernon, and that we had never met before, I should have imagined her an attached friend. One is apt I believe to connect assurance of manner with coquetry, and to expect that an impudent address will necessarily attend an impudent mind; at least I was myself prepared for an improper degree of confidence in Lady Susan; but her countenance is absolutely sweet, and her voice and manner winningly mild. […] She is clever and agreable, has all that knowledge of the world which makes conversation easy, and talks very well, with a happy command of language, which is too often used I believe to make black appear white.

Related Characters: Catherine Vernon (speaker), Lady Susan, Reginald De Courcy, Charles Vernon
Related Symbols: Letters
Page Number: 10
Explanation and Analysis:
Letters 11–20 Quotes

I wish you could get Reginald home again, under any plausible pretence. He is not at all disposed to leave us, and I have given him as many hints of my father's precarious state of health, as common decency will allow me to do in my own house.

Related Characters: Catherine Vernon (speaker), Lady Susan, Reginald De Courcy, Lady De Courcy
Related Symbols: Letters
Page Number: 18
Explanation and Analysis:

‘I am not apt to deal in professions, my dear Mrs Vernon, and I never had the convenient talent of affecting sensations foreign to my heart; and therefore I trust you will believe me when I declare that much as I had heard in your praise before I knew you, I had no idea that I should ever love you as I now do; and must farther say that your friendship towards me is more particularly gratifying, because I have reason to believe that some attempts were made to prejudice you against me. I only wish that They – whoever they are – to whom I am indebted for such kind intentions, could see the terms on which we now are together, and understand the real affection we feel for each other! But I will not detain you any longer. God bless you, for your goodness to me and my girl, and continue to you all your present happiness.’

What can one say of such a woman, my dear mother? –such earnestness, such solemnity of expression! and yet I cannot help suspecting the truth of everything she says.

Related Characters: Lady Susan (speaker), Catherine Vernon (speaker), Frederica Vernon, Lady De Courcy
Related Symbols: Letters
Page Number: 35-36
Explanation and Analysis:
Letters 21–30 Quotes

I hope you will excuse this liberty, I am forced upon it by the greatest distress, or I should be ashamed to trouble you. I am very miserable about Sir James Martin, and have no other way in the world of helping myself but by writing to you, for I am forbidden ever speaking to my uncle or aunt on the subject; and this being the case, I am afraid my applying to you will appear no better than equivocation, and as if I attended only to the letter and not the spirit of Mama's commands, but if you do not take my part, and persuade her to break it off, I shall be half-distracted, for I cannot bear him. No human being but you could have any chance of prevailing with her. […] I do not know how to apologize enough for this letter, I know it is taking so great a liberty, I am aware how dreadfully angry it will make Mama, but I must run the risk.

Related Characters: Frederica Vernon (speaker), Lady Susan, Catherine Vernon, Reginald De Courcy, Sir James Martin, Charles Vernon
Related Symbols: Letters
Page Number: 37
Explanation and Analysis:

I have for some time been more particularly resolved on the match, from seeing the rapid increase of her affection for Reginald, and from not feeling perfectly secure that a knowledge of that affection might not in the end awaken a return. Contemptible, as a regard founded only on compassion, must make them both, in my eyes, I felt by no means assured that such might not be the consequence. It is true that Reginald had not in any degree grown cool towards me; but yet he had lately mentioned Frederica spontaneously and unnecessarily, and once said something in praise of her person.

Related Characters: Lady Susan (speaker), Reginald De Courcy, Frederica Vernon, Alicia Johnson, Sir James Martin
Related Symbols: Letters
Page Number: 38
Explanation and Analysis:

At that moment how great was my astonishment at seeing Reginald come out of Lady Susan's dressing room. My heart misgave me instantly. His confusion on seeing me was very evident. Frederica immediately disappeared. ‘Are you going?’ said I. ‘You will find Mr Vernon in his own room.’ ‘No, Catherine," replied he. ‘I am not going. Will you let me speak to you a moment?’

We went into my room. ‘I find,’ continued he, his confusion increasing as he spoke, ‘that I have been acting with my usual foolish impetuosity. […] Frederica does not know her mother—Lady Susan means nothing but her good—but she will not make a friend of her. Lady Susan therefore does not always know what will make her daughter happy. Besides I could have no right to interfere—Miss Vernon was mistaken in applying to me.’ […] I made no remarks however, for words would have been vain.

Related Characters: Catherine Vernon (speaker), Lady Susan, Reginald De Courcy, Frederica Vernon, Lady De Courcy, Charles Vernon
Related Symbols: Letters
Page Number: 44
Explanation and Analysis:
Letters 31–41 Quotes

Why would you write to me? Why do you require particulars? But since it must be so, I am obliged to declare that all the accounts of your misconduct during the life and since the death of Mr Vernon which had reached me in common with the world in general, and gained my entire belief before I saw you, but which you by the exertion of your perverted abilities had made me resolve to disallow, have been unanswerably proved to me. Nay, more, I am assured that a connection, of which I had never before entertained a thought, has for some time existed, and still continues to exist between you and the man, whose family you robbed of its peace, in return for the hospitality with which you were received into it! That you have corresponded with him ever since your leaving Langford—not with his wife—but with him—and that he now visits you every day. Can you, dare you deny it?

Related Characters: Reginald De Courcy (speaker), Lady Susan, Mr. Manwaring, Mrs. Manwaring
Related Symbols: Letters
Page Number: 61
Explanation and Analysis:
Get the entire Lady Susan LitChart as a printable PDF.
Lady Susan PDF

Letters Symbol Timeline in Lady Susan

The timeline below shows where the symbol Letters appears in Lady Susan. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Letters 1–10
Public Appearance vs. Private Reality Theme Icon
Love and Transaction Theme Icon
...she’ll continue writing to Mr. Manwaring (in front of the Vernons, she pretends that his letters are from Mrs. Manwaring). (full context)
Letters 11–20
Gender, Power, and Manipulation Theme Icon
Public Appearance vs. Private Reality Theme Icon
Letter XIII. Lady DeCourcy tells Catherine that she was sick when Catherine sent her last letter, so Sir Reginald read it to her and inadvertently learned about Reginald’s relationship with Lady... (full context)
Public Appearance vs. Private Reality Theme Icon
Letter XV. Catherine tells her mother that she’s glad Reginald’s letter reassured Sir Reginald, but reading it only convinced her that Reginald doesn’t plan to propose... (full context)
Letters 21–30
Gender, Power, and Manipulation Theme Icon
Public Appearance vs. Private Reality Theme Icon
Love and Transaction Theme Icon
...James, and she’d rather “work for [her] bread” than marry him. She’s aware that the letter will upset Lady Susan, but that’s a risk she’s willing to take. (full context)
Gender, Power, and Manipulation Theme Icon
Public Appearance vs. Private Reality Theme Icon
...he admitted that Frederica told him about her distress—eventually, he revealed that he received a letter from her, and that he talked with her about that letter. Lady Susan is certain... (full context)
Public Appearance vs. Private Reality Theme Icon
...him in the hallway and had to avoid eye contact as she gave him the letter. Catherine tells her that she should’ve come to her and Charles, and that Lady Susan... (full context)
Gender, Power, and Manipulation Theme Icon
Love and Transaction Theme Icon
...there’s a lot on her plate right now: she needs to punish Frederica for the letter, Reginald for believing it, and Catherine for her triumph at Sir James’s departure. Lady Susan... (full context)
Gender, Power, and Manipulation Theme Icon
Letter XXVII. Catherine writes a letter to her mother, which Reginald will deliver—he’s going home, but it’s too late for that... (full context)
Gender, Power, and Manipulation Theme Icon
Love and Transaction Theme Icon
...at will, and of course, he does so to torment Alicia. She’s glad that her letter had an impact on Lady Susan, and that her friend has secured Reginald. She doesn’t... (full context)
Letters 31–41
Gender, Power, and Manipulation Theme Icon
Public Appearance vs. Private Reality Theme Icon
Love and Transaction Theme Icon
Letter XXXI. Lady Susan writes to Alicia, telling her that the plan didn’t work—her letter to Reginald spurred him to come to London rather than keeping him away, and he’ll... (full context)
Conclusion
Public Appearance vs. Private Reality Theme Icon
Love and Transaction Theme Icon
An unnamed narrator says that the letters couldn’t continue; no one could benefit from reading the correspondence between the Vernons and De... (full context)
Gender, Power, and Manipulation Theme Icon
Love and Transaction Theme Icon
...Frederica remained with the Vernons—though Lady Susan invited her back to London in a few letters—and eventually lost touch with her mother. She’d stay with the Vernons until Reginald could be... (full context)