Letters to Alice on First Reading Jane Austen
by Fay Weldon

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The City of Invention Symbol Analysis

The City of Invention Symbol Icon
The City of Invention Symbol Icon

The City of Invention, a metaphorical place that Fay invents to show Alice the richness and excitement of reading fiction, represents the infinite realities that fiction makes possible. Fay tells Alice that all authors are architects creating houses in the City of Invention, and that readers are the visitors who arrive to explore the vast and varied city. Each neighborhood represents a different genre, and critics serve as tour guides and bus drivers. According to Fay, all novels are part of the City of Invention, even though the houses vary enormously and some may turn out to last longer or be more enjoyable to visitors. Fay also argues that cause and effect are clearer and more rational in the City than in real life, and that visiting it allows readers to gain a deeper understanding of morality and meaning than they can anywhere else.

The City of Invention Quotes in Letters to Alice on First Reading Jane Austen

The Letters to Alice on First Reading Jane Austen quotes below all refer to the symbol of The City of Invention. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
The Purpose of Fiction Theme Icon
).

Letter 1  Quotes

Here in this City of Invention, the readers come and go, by general invitation, sauntering down its leafy avenue, scurrying through its horrider slums, waving to each other across the centuries, up and down the arches of the years. When I say ‘the arches of the years’ it may well sound strange to you. But I know what I’m doing: it is you who are at fault.

Related Characters: Aunt Fay (speaker), Alice
Related Symbols: The City of Invention
Page Number and Citation: 16
Explanation and Analysis:
In order to illustrate the wonders of literature for Alice, Fay describes a vast, exciting metaphorical city that she calls The City of Invention, in which authors build houses and neighborhoods for visiting readers to explore and learn from. By depicting the City as both pleasant and frightening, Fay demonstrates literature’s unique capacity to reveal simultaneous conflicting truths. The City is a place where readers come to find a multitude of coexisting realities, rather than one absolute truth. By showing readers from different generations in conversation with each other, Fay also illuminates that idea that literature both affects and outlives Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperior

Some build because they need to, have to, live to, or believe they are appointed to, others to prove a point or to change the world. But to build at all requires courage, persistence, faith and a surplus of imagination. A writer’s all, Alice, is not taken up by the real world. There is something left over: enough for them to build these alternative, finite realities.

Related Characters: Aunt Fay (speaker), Alice
Related Symbols: The City of Invention
Page Number and Citation: 18
Explanation and Analysis:
As part of her tour through the City of Invention, Fay attempts to describe to Alice what kinds of individuals end up building houses there and becoming authors. She suggests that many writers essentially have no choice but to write, as the real world leaves some part of themselves untapped. However, Fay does not glamorize the calling of writing, depicting the creation of literature as an arduous, exhausting process much like building a physical house. The way that Fay depicts authors within the City begins to reveal the recurring theme of the author’s work, which is fraught and tiring even Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio

Letter 5 Quotes

Fiction, on the whole, and if it is any good, tends to be a subversive element in society. Elizabeth Bennet, that wayward, capricious girl, listening to the beat of feeling, rather than the pulsing urge for survival, paying attention to the subtle demands of human dignity rather than the cruder ones of established convention, must have quite upset a number of her readers, changed their minds, and with their minds, their lives, the society they lived in: prodding it quicker and faster along the slow, difficult road that has led us out of barbarity into civilization.

Related Characters: Aunt Fay (speaker), Jane Austen, Alice
Related Symbols: The City of Invention
Page Number and Citation: 81-82
Explanation and Analysis:
Contemplating the complexities of the relationship between literature and society, Fay speculates that an analysis of Jane Austen’s influence on her readers might serve as a microcosm of the way that authors and readers work together to move society forward. For Fay, the example in this quote provides a platonic ideal of the role of each: the author offers a new and challenging way of approaching life, and the reader actively engages with that model and brings it to life in the real world. In addition to providing an example of the way that readers and writers should engage with Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occ

Letter 7 Quotes

I am trying to explain that writing must be in some way a shared experience between reader and writer: the House of Imagination built with doors for guests to enter in, and pegs for their coats, and windows for them to look out of: it is no use being a recluse. You will die of hypothermia and malnutrition if you live alone in your house, however beautifully constructed it is. It must be a welcoming place, or exciting, if dangerous, or educative, if unpleasant, or intensely pleasurable.

Related Characters: Aunt Fay (speaker), Jane Austen, Alice
Related Symbols: The City of Invention
Page Number and Citation: 97
Explanation and Analysis:
Using Jane Austen’s Emma as an example, Fay details the various ways that that authors can make their houses in the City of Invention hospitable to readers. Writing without thought for audience, Fay implies, is worse than not writing at all, and can even harm the writer. At the same time that it details the responsibility of writers, this passage also highlights the immense importance of readers in bringing a work of literature to life. When writers and readers both live up to their responsibilities, then fiction is able to fulfill its purpose of reflecting and expanding the complex, contradictory Dolorem et quae. Ex

Letter 8 Quotes

As if it were decreed that your mother Enid should put bread rolls to rise every night for your father Edward’s breakfast, in order that a certain paragraph in a certain novel should be written. As if the City of Invention, little by little, using a chapter here, a paragraph there, is waking from its slumber and will eventually be more real than life itself, and we its servants, its outrunners.

Related Characters: Aunt Fay (speaker), Enid, Edward, Alice
Related Symbols: The City of Invention, Bread Rolls
Page Number and Citation: 106
Explanation and Analysis:
Fay tells Alice how irritating and challenging it can be to publish a novel, in part because the author’s loved ones will insist on seeing themselves in the fictional work. Fay seems to say that this belief is preposterous, and that the author’s friends and family are being irrational for fearing that their lives will be turned into fiction. She reiterates her call for rational, active reading as the true partner of writing, and reveals the less positive side of the way that fiction can influence reality. However, her tone and word choice in this quote seem to hint at Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accu

Letter 9 Quotes

All over the country irons were held in suspension, and car exhaust bandages held motionless and lady gardeners stayed their gardening gloves, and cars slowed, as Emma spoke, as that other world intruded into this. It does more and more, you know. We join each other in shared fantasies, it is our way of crossing barriers, when our rulers won’t let us. ET and his like is our real communication. Hand in hand the human race abandons the shoddy, imperfect structures of reality, and surges over to the City of Invention.

Related Characters: Aunt Fay (speaker), Alice, Jane Austen
Related Symbols: The City of Invention
Page Number and Citation: 112
Explanation and Analysis:
While driving home from a bookstore, Fay happens to hear a radio adaptation of Jane Austen’s Emma and listens to it raptly. She imagines all of the other listeners paying attention to the same scene at the same time, and presents this large-scale immersion in fiction to Alice as proof of the power of the City of Invention. She shows how the actions of real individuals are changed by fiction in the moment and indicates that this shared experience is one of truest forms of human communication. Additionally, by invoking the idea of rulers that try to stop people from Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delec

Letter 11 Quotes

Journalists, in particular, who work so cleverly from the real world, understand description, but not invention. It is not surprising. They lose their jobs if they do invent—novelists get sued if they don’t invent. So I, Grace, D’Albier, must go round the world, stared at as a victim of paternal and maternal incest: and though my parents still speak to me, they do so in a rather stiff way. They can comprehend that I made it up, but their friends can’t.

Related Characters: Grace D’Albier (speaker), Aunt Fay, Enid
Related Symbols: The City of Invention, Bread Rolls
Page Number and Citation: 127
Explanation and Analysis:
Grace D’Albier is the protagonist of a partial short story that Fay writes based on her recent promotional tour for her novel. Grace, who is also a novelist, has written a book about incest and finds that everywhere she goes, her readers—including some of her own family and friends—believe that her novel is autobiographical. This assumption strains all of Grace’s close relationships, acting as an exaggerated dramatization of the kind of tension the Fay suffers when Enid assumes that a fictional character is based on her. For Grace, fiction intrudes on the real world in a very real and destructive Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque erro

Letter 16 Quotes

Sometimes, I think, the exhilaration of all this being so great—of ideas, notions, fantasies, speculations, claims false and valid, advice good or bad, the pattern made by altering truth as day melts into day, is great enough to make us immortal. These things have been, and so in a sense always will be: they are not finite in time. Only our bodies are that. Let them blow us all up if they want, reduce the planet to ashes (as they say)—the leap between nothing and something, once made, is always made.

Related Characters: Aunt Fay (speaker), Alice, Jane Austen
Related Symbols: The City of Invention
Page Number and Citation: 155
Explanation and Analysis:
After finding out that Alice’s novel will be published, Fay excitedly announces that she has begun work on a new novel of her own and muses about how joyful it is to be a part of the complex, infinite web of ideas and experiences that makes up the literary world. While the end of the novel does not provide the reader with a tidy conclusion, it does provide this final celebration of the conflicting, even confusing overlaps between fact and fiction. Here, Fay argues one more time that this multifaceted reality is more meaningful than any clean-cut version of the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Comm
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The City of Invention Symbol Timeline in Letters to Alice on First Reading Jane Austen

The timeline below shows where the symbol The City of Invention appears in Letters to Alice on First Reading Jane Austen. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Letter 1 
The Purpose of Fiction Theme Icon
The Influence of History Theme Icon
...not by what it is.” To illustrate this point, Fay explains what she calls the City of Invention . In this glorious city, Fay writes, authors build Houses of the Imagination and readers... (full context)
The Purpose of Fiction Theme Icon
The Author and the Reader Theme Icon
The Influence of History Theme Icon
Describing the City of Invention in great detail, Fay introduces Alice to its various neighborhoods and landmarks. She also digresses... (full context)
The Author and the Reader Theme Icon
The Influence of History Theme Icon
Feminism Theme Icon
Fay points out the house that Jane Austen built in the City of Invention and suggests that Austen’s works constitute a second life for the novelist, one that extends... (full context)
The Purpose of Fiction Theme Icon
The Author and the Reader Theme Icon
...give examples of the kinds of houses and neighborhoods that Alice might find in the City of Invention . She notes that some districts are more respectable, some more dangerous, some more popular... (full context)
The Author and the Reader Theme Icon
Feminism Theme Icon
...not write a novel until she has gained more life experience and thoroughly explored the City of Invention . (full context)
Letter 2 
The Purpose of Fiction Theme Icon
The Influence of History Theme Icon
Feminism Theme Icon
...hide these dark realities, which Fay takes as an example of the power of the City of Invention . Austen would not have considered her society particularly bad, Fay argues, and so it... (full context)
Letter 4
The Author and the Reader Theme Icon
The Influence of History Theme Icon
...died in 1817 of Addison’s disease. Her books, Fay points out, live on in the City of Invention . (full context)
Letter 5
The Author and the Reader Theme Icon
...to pay similar attention to audience in her own writing, and to remember that the City of Invention should both change and comfort its visitors. (full context)
The Author and the Reader Theme Icon
...that readers “want and need to be told how to live,” noting that in the City of Invention , events are never due to chance but instead depend on the good and evil... (full context)
Letter 7
The Purpose of Fiction Theme Icon
The Influence of History Theme Icon
...plot, in particular admiring the way the opening sentences draw the reader immediately into the City of Invention . She likens Emma to an inviting, welcoming house full of touches that make the... (full context)
Letter 8
The Author and the Reader Theme Icon
Feminism Theme Icon
...ways to delay finishing, due to the terrifying responsibility of building a house in the City of Invention . The presence of the house, Fay says, will change Alice’s life in unpredictable ways,... (full context)
Letter 9
The Purpose of Fiction Theme Icon
The Influence of History Theme Icon
...at the same time, Fay tells Alice that this kind of “shared fantasy” in the City of Invention is one of the most extraordinary forms of human connection. (full context)
Letter 10
The Purpose of Fiction Theme Icon
Feminism Theme Icon
...regard?” Fay takes the passage as evidence of Austen’s regard for the magic of the City of Invention . (full context)
Letter 13
The Author and the Reader Theme Icon
...tells Alice that she views literary critics as bus drivers and tour guides within the City of Invention . They have their role but should not dictate everything within the City. Fay recommends... (full context)
The Purpose of Fiction Theme Icon
...her writing, but to follow her own instincts as she builds her house in the City of Invention . (full context)
Letter 14
The Purpose of Fiction Theme Icon
The Influence of History Theme Icon
...that she might have welcomed an earlier death in order to live fully in the City of Invention . She tells Alice that while thinking of Austen’s death is unpleasant, death should be... (full context)
Letter 16
The Purpose of Fiction Theme Icon
The Influence of History Theme Icon
...celebrates the longevity of works like Jane Austen’s Emma and states her belief that the City of Invention will exist even if the rest of the world is destroyed. (full context)