Life Class

by Pat Barker

War Theme Analysis

Themes and Colors
War Theme Icon
Art Theme Icon
Gender Theme Icon
Love and Relationships Theme Icon
Class Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Life Class, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
War Theme Icon
War Theme Icon

The beginning of World War I disrupts the lives of the protagonists of Life Class, who are studying art at the Slade in London until the war calls them to action. One student, Elinor, believes that she can simply ignore the war and that, by doing so, the war won’t be able to affect or harm her. In contrast, her friend and lover, Paul, feels a calling to defend Britain. He tries to enlist in the military, and when he fails, he volunteers as an ambulance driver. His experiences at a makeshift hospital near the Belgian front scar him; he becomes desensitized to daily horrors and he spends much of his time trying hard to suppress his emotions. The war completely takes over Paul’s psyche. His preoccupations with romance and his artistic career are replaced with a dedication to service, and when he briefly leaves the front to return to London, he recognizes that he no longer belongs in his old home and looks forward to going back to the war.

Both characters, notably, suffer emotionally due to how they think about and engage with the war. Eleanor loses friends due to her refusal to help or even talk about the war, which many friends find offensive. Paul, in contrast, suffers immense emotional trauma and actively isolates himself from others as a coping mechanism. Through Paul and Eleanor’s differing paths, both of which ultimately lead to disconnection, Life Class highlights how the horrors of war impact everyone—even those who, like Elinor, consider themselves beyond the reach of violence.

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War Quotes in Life Class

Below you will find the important quotes in Life Class related to the theme of War.

Chapter 1 Quotes

He opened the door for [Elinor] and watched her walk away down the corridor. With her cropped hair and straight shoulders she looked like a young soldier striding along, and for a moment he saw something in her, something of the person she might be when she was alone, not adapting in that sinuous way of hers to other people, not turning herself into a mirror to magnify whatever qualities he––it was generally he––fancied himself to possess. He’d have liked to know her, that secret person, but the mirror was also a shield and she'd be in no hurry to put it down.

Related Characters: Paul Tarrant, Elinor Brooks
Page Number and Citation: 16
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 13  Quotes

She hadn’t been happy for weeks. That night in the Café Royal, seeing the expression on Paul’s face as he stared at Teresa, she’d felt herself diminished. Neutered. Waiting for marriage was all very well, but suppose you didn’t intend to marry? What were you waiting for then?

…then worms shall try
That long preserved virginity,
And your quaint honor turn to dust,
And into ashes all my lust.

More to the point, what was she going to wear tonight?

Related Characters: Teresa Halliday, Paul Tarrant, Elinor Brooks , Kit Neville
Page Number and Citation: 117
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 14  Quotes

“What about you?” he asked, suddenly, addressing Neville.

“Enlist, of course.” No bloody choice. He looked up to find Tarrant […] laughing at him. “What’s amusing you?”

“You don’t sound very keen. What happened to ‘War is the only health giver of mankind’?”

Dr. Brooke looked puzzled.

The Futurist Manifesto, sir,” Tarrant explained.

Related Characters: Paul Tarrant (speaker), Kit Neville (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 131
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 15  Quotes

Now [the Café Royal] is full of frightened old men who think their day is over (and they’re probably right) and overexcited young men who jabber till the spit flies, though it’s only stuff they’ve read in the papers. The women have gone very quiet. It’s like in the Iliad, you know, when Achilles insults Agamemnon and Agamemnon says he’s got to have Achilles’ girl and Achilles goes off and sulks by the long ships and the girls they’re quarreling over say nothing, not a word, it’s a bit like that. I don’t suppose men ever hear that silence.

Related Characters: Elinor Brooks (speaker), Paul Tarrant
Page Number and Citation: 139
Explanation and Analysis:

The atmosphere at home is terrible, Toby said Father can’t stop him serving his country in any way he damn well chooses, but the fact is, he does want and need Father’s approval, and so far Dad simply won’t budge. He says war should be left to professional soldiers and all these half-trained boys running about all over the place are more trouble than they’re worth. I don’t know. […] More than anything I resent the way the war takes over all our lives. It’s like a single bullying voice shouting all the other voices down.

Related Characters: Elinor Brooks (speaker), Paul Tarrant, Kit Neville
Page Number and Citation: 145
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 17  Quotes

Paul’s first thought was, he won’t last five minutes. […] there was something about his expression––not just youth and inexperience, something else––that made Paul uneasy. He felt irritated. He’d become rather good at coping with the work, but having a hut to himself had been an important part of that process. Now, he’d have to share it with this freckly-faced schoolboy––deal with his questions, his incomprehension, his shock. Everything that Paul had felt when he first started, and no longer permitted himself to feel.

Related Characters: Richard Lewis, Paul Tarrant
Page Number and Citation: 165
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 19  Quotes

Lewis looked up at him, eager to be impressed. Burton welcomed him “on board,” recommended several good restaurants, and then, exactly as Paul had done the previous night, told him where he could get a hot bath and a shave.

We’re a disappointment to him, Paul thought, watching Lewis’s politely smiling face, with our talk of percentages and our concern for our own comfort. He’s looking for somebody to hero-worship, and we’re not it.

Related Characters: Paul Tarrant, Richard Lewis
Page Number and Citation: 176
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 20  Quotes

There are changes. When I look down into the quad […] I see wheelchairs. Men in blue, some with missing legs. Arms as well sometimes. They wheel them here from the hospital on fine days […]. […] I walk past them on my way in and again on my way back, and either I walk quickly with my head down or extra slowly and give them a big cheery smile and say hello. I watch them watching me noticing the missing bits, looking at the empty trouser legs or, equally awful, not looking at them. And I feel ashamed. Just being what I am, a girl they might once have asked to dance, is dreadful. I feel I’m an instrument of mental torture through no fault of my own. And then I’m ashamed of feeling that because after all what do my feelings matter? I think the world’s gone completely mad.

Related Characters: Elinor Brooks (speaker), Paul Tarrant
Page Number and Citation: 187
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 22  Quotes

Paul was unsettled by this conversation, and not merely because applying hydrogen peroxide to an infected wound now seemed pointless as well as unpleasant. Burton was thinking about the war and how he could best make a contribution. He saw alternatives. Paul had been plodding along like a donkey for weeks. Now and then something would catch his eye and he’d reach for a drawing pad, but that was as natural and unreflective as breathing. He hadn’t allowed himself to think how long his present way of life would go on.

Related Characters: Paul Tarrant, Richard Lewis
Page Number and Citation: 196
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 24  Quotes

“Are you finding time to do any work?”

A brief smile, noting that what he did at the hospital apparently didn’t count as work. “A bit.”

[…] “What do you draw?”

“Oh, people at the hospital. Patients.” His tone hardened. “That’s what I see. Though I don’t know what the point of it is. Nobody’s going to hang that sort of thing in a gallery.”

“Why would you want them to?”

“[…] They’re there, the people, the men. And it’s not right their suffering should just be swept out of sight.”

“I’d have thought it was even less right to put it on the wall of a public gallery. […] It would just be a freak show. An arty freak show.”

[…] “What’s your solution, then? Ignore it?”

“Yes,” she said.

Related Characters: Paul Tarrant (speaker), Elinor Brooks (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 220
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 29 Quotes

I stood at the bottom step looking into the drawing room and saw the red walls and the chandelier lit and all the heads bobbing up and down and a great stamping of feet […]. I thought, either they’re sane and the rest of the world’s gone mad or…? It was silly and splendid and I didn’t know if I was part of it or not, or even if I wanted to be. I thought about the dead people lying on the cobbles. The dead child. I think about them all the time, but crying won’t bring them back.

Related Characters: Elinor Brooks (speaker), Paul Tarrant, Lady Ottoline Morrel
Page Number and Citation: 275
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 32  Quotes

She didn’t write often now, and when she did her letters were full of people he hadn’t met and places he hadn’t been to. She went on living, he was buried alive. That’s how it felt. He sometimes thought he might as well be one of those poor chaps under the tarpaulin. No doubt their girls had “moved on” too.

Related Characters: Paul Tarrant, Elinor Brooks
Page Number and Citation: 284
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 34  Quotes

Oh, and everywhere, the posters. One in particular pursued him from street to street. A jackbooted German officer trod on a dead woman’s bare breasts, while behind them a village burned. […] it’s difficult to persuade young men to lay down their lives […]. Pretty young girls with their blouses ripped off did the trick nicely. God, the cynicism of it.

Not a bad painting, though. In fact all the posters he’d seen were good. Elinor might complain that painting was being dismissed as irrelevant, but it seemed to him that the exact opposite was true. Painting, or at least its near relation––printmaking––had been recruited.

Related Characters: Elinor Brooks , Paul Tarrant
Page Number and Citation: 294-295
Explanation and Analysis:

“I think that once the bloody war’s over nobody’s going to want to look at anything I paint. […] No, listen, it’s a Faustian pact. I get all this attention for a few months, however long the bloody thing lasts, but once it’s over––finish. Nobody wants to look at a nightmare once they’ve woken up.”

How typical of Neville to find grounds for self-pity amidst the blaze of success.

Related Characters: Kit Neville (speaker), Paul Tarrant
Page Number and Citation: 297
Explanation and Analysis:

“Are you working?”

“Yes, I am. I thought at first I wouldn’t be able to, but once I started I couldn’t stop.”

“Landscapes?”

“No. Well, some, but not the sort you mean. The hospital and the road.”

She put her hand on his arm. “Don’t let’s talk about the war, Paul. Please? It gets into everything.”

“Well, yes, of course it does.”

Her expression hardened. “If you let it.”

Related Characters: Paul Tarrant (speaker), Elinor Brooks (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 300-301
Explanation and Analysis:

“Are you really content to let it all pass you by?”

“The war? Yes. […] I don’t think it matters very much. I don’t think it’s important. […] Of course it matters, in one way, it matters that people are dying. I just don’t think that’s what art should be about. It’s like painting a train crash. Of course it's dreadful, but it’s not…” She was groping for words, which had never come easily to her. “It’s not you, is it? An accident’s something that happens to you. It’s not you, not in the same way people you love are. Or places you love. It’s not chosen.”

“You think we choose the people we love?”

Related Characters: Paul Tarrant (speaker), Elinor Brooks (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 302-303
Explanation and Analysis: