Mother to Mother
by Sindiwe Magona
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Mxolisi Character Analysis

Mandisa’s oldest son, and her only son with China. He is originally named Hlumelo, but China’s family renames him, claiming their right to do so, as grandparents traditionally name the baby. Mxolisi is twenty, but still in the equivalent of middle or early high school, both because of his own truancy and because of the abysmal school system. Mandisa and Mxolisi have a troubled relationship; she blames him for his own conception (he was unplanned), and, because she had never had penetrative sex before giving birth, she blames Mxolisi for essentially taking her virginity. Mandisa, however, tries to compensate for resenting her son by paying more attention to him, at the expense of her other children, Siziwe and Lunga, who accuse her of favoring their brother. Mxolisi began his life as a sweet child, but when he witnessed the police murder his friends, Zazi and Mzamo, he stopped speaking for several years. He eventually regained his speech, and Mandisa sent him to school, where beatings from teachers discouraged him from continuing to pursue his education. He dropped out without Mandisa’s knowledge to work and help her support the family, but she convinced him to return. Eventually he became politically active, and joined the Young Lions, spending his days patrolling the neighborhood, sometimes fighting for his education, but often harassing members of his own community. Mxolisi becomes caught up in a mob that forms around the car of a white university girl when she drives in Guguletu—a place that is extremely unsafe for white people—and when the violence escalates, he stabs and kills The Girl. Mxolisi clearly feels guilt and regret for what he’s done, which he confesses to Mandisa in their final conversation in the novel. Although not depicted, he likely turns himself in, and spends time (if not the rest of his life) in jail.

Mxolisi Quotes in Mother to Mother

The Mother to Mother quotes below are all either spoken by Mxolisi or refer to Mxolisi. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
The Legacy of Colonialism and Apartheid Theme Icon
).

Chapter 1 Quotes

My son killed your daughter. People look at me as though I did it. The generous ones as though I made him do it, as though I could make this child do anything. Starting from when he was less than six years old, even before he lost his first tooth or went to school. Starting, if truth be known, from before he was conceived; when he, with total lack of consideration if not downright malice, seeded himself inside my womb. But now, people look at me as if I’m the one who woke up one shushu day and said, Boyboy, run out and see whether, somewhere out there, you can find a white girl with nothing better to do than run around Guguletu, where she does not belong.

Related Characters: Mandisa (speaker), Mxolisi, The Mother, The Girl
Page Number and Citation: 1
Explanation and Analysis:
The novel opens with an address from Mandisa to The Mother of the murdered Girl—in other words, the novel opens with a lament from one mother to another, hence the novel’s title, Mother to Mother. Mxolisi, Mandisa’s son, was in a mob of young South African men who attacked The Girl, but it’s implied that he alone stabbed and killed her. Although Mandisa was not present, and did not physically hold the knife that ended The Girl’s life, she feels, and is held by her community, responsible for the murder. Mandisa feels she has become a murderer herself. As Mxolisi’s Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta.

White people live in their own areas and mind their own business — period. We live here, fight and kill each other. That is our business. You don’t see big words on every page of the newspapers because one of us kills somebody, here in the townships. But with this case of Boyboy’s even the white woman I work for showed me. The story was all over the place. Pictures too.

[…]

Why is it that the government now pays for his food, his clothes, the roof over his head? Where was the government the day my son stole my neighbour's hen; wrung its neck and cooked it — feathers and all, because there was no food in the house and I was away, minding the children of the white family I worked for? […] Why now, when he’s an outcast, does my son have a better roof over his head than ever before in his life? Living a better life, if chained? I do not understand why it is that the government is giving him so much now when it has given him nothing at all, all his life.

Related Characters: Mandisa (speaker), Mxolisi, The Girl, The Mother
Page Number and Citation: 3
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Mandisa notes the double standard in how murders and crimes are reported. In the black neighborhood of Guguletu, deaths are not reported on and the police pass by uninterested. However, when a white woman dies, especially when she is killed in a black area, law enforcement and the wider world become instantly interested. During the novel’s events, South Africa in the midst of the apartheid, a state-sponsored segregation of black and white citizens, which actively makes black citizens second class, forced to live in neighborhoods with worse facilities, infrastructures, schools, and law enforcement. Put more broadly, they Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas d

Chapter 2 Quotes

As I step out of the door minutes later, I hastily throw out a couple of reminders: what they’re supposed to do for me that day around the house, what food they’re not to touch. “And remember, I want you all in when I come back!” Not that I think this makes any difference to what will actually happen. But, as a mother, I’m supposed to have authority over my children, over the running of my house. Never mind that I’m never there. Monday to Saturday, I go to work in the kitchen of my mlungu woman, Mrs Nelson; leaving the house before the children go to school and coming back long after the sun has gone to sleep. I am not home when they come back from school. Things were much better in the days when I only had Mxolisi. […] To remind them of my rules therefore, each morning I give these elaborate, empty instructions regarding their behaviour while I am away. A mere formality, a charade, something nobody ever heeds. The children do pretty much as they please. And get away with it too. Who can always remember what was forbidden and what was permitted? By the time I get back in the evening, I am too tired to remember all that. I have a hard time remembering my name, most of the time, as it is. But, we have to work. We work, to stay alive.

Related Characters: Mandisa (speaker), Mxolisi, Dwadwa, Mrs. Nelson, Siziwe, Lunga
Page Number and Citation: 8-9
Explanation and Analysis:
Mandisa subscribes to the idea that a parent’s identity, and specifically a mother’s, is tied to the way she manages the lives of her children. Although Mandisa recognizes that her children rarely listen to her, and understands that it is difficult for her to be a hands-on parent because she has to spend so much time out of the house earning money for her family, she still feels as though she must put on a performance of being a more controlling, more engaged parent. She feels her children’s behavior is her responsibility, and so she must do her best to Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. A

Wednesday is a school day. However, not one of my children will go to school. This burdensome knowledge I carry with me as a tortoise carries her shell. But, it weighs my spirit down. Two days ago, the Congress of South African Students (COSAS) ordered the school children to join Operation Barcelona, a campaign they say is in support of their teachers who are on strike. Students were urged to stay away from school, to burn cars and to drive reactionary elements out of the townships. Flint to tinder. The students fell over each other to answer the call. Now, anyone who disagrees with them, the students label “reactionary.” This has struck stark fear in many a brave heart. One student leader has publicly announced, “We wish to make it clear to the government that we are tired of sitting without teachers in our classes.” These big-mouthed children don’t know anything. They have no idea how hard life is; and if they’re not careful, they’ll end up in the kitchens and gardens of white homes ... just like us, their mothers and fathers. See how they’ll like it then.

Related Characters: Mandisa (speaker), Siziwe, Mxolisi, Lunga
Page Number and Citation: 10
Explanation and Analysis:
Mandisa feels responsible for her children’s wellbeing, and she feels it is her job to help guide them in their choices so they have the potential for a bright future. Unfortunately, as a mother, she can only do so much. Mandisa knows that education is the key to success, and finishing one’s schooling can open up professional and financial doors in the future. However, as hard as she tries, she cannot make her children go to school, and she cannot guarantee the schools they attend are actually good. This knowledge, Mandisa explains, “weighs [her] spirit down,” knowing she can only Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non

Chapter 4 Quotes

“What is the matter with our people? Don’t they know the police will pull this township apart? Is it not enough we kill each other as though the other is an animal and one is preparing a feast? Is that not evil enough? A white woman? Are people mad? Have they lost their minds?” My voice was shrill to my own ears and I saw that my hands shook. Indeed, my whole body was trembling.

“It’s schoolchildren who did that,” said my neighbour.

I gasped, memories of the debate on the bus returning to haunt me. Words I’d taken not quite seriously, now wore a ghastly sinister shade of meaning.

“Who else would do such a mad thing?”

I thought I detected a note of gloating in her voice. Skonana has no children and somehow manages to make that seem such a virtue. “I have no children and no worries,” is her favourite saying, whenever any one of us complains of some misdeed one of our offspring has sprung on us. Skonana seems to equate child with problem. Mind you, looking at what scraps our children do get into these days, she could have a point. But I wasn’t going to be the one to tell her that.

Related Characters: Mandisa (speaker), Skonana (speaker), Mxolisi
Page Number and Citation: 45
Explanation and Analysis:
After Mandisa arrives home on the day of the murder, her neighbor Skonana comes over to gossip about the events that have just transpired. Mandisa is nervous because Mxolisi has not returned home, and she has a feeling he was somehow involved in the crime. Skonana, Mandisa notes, has no children, and both women know it was likely young people who committed the crime. In a society that expects parents to be fully responsible for the actions of their children, childless Skonana knows she is fully blameless, whereas Mandisa could still be implicated, if one of her children is found Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo min

Chapter 5 Quotes

With the passage of time, our schools only grew worse. In 1976, students rose in revolt and, before long, Bantu Education had completely collapsed. It had become education in name only.

My son, Mxolisi, is twenty. Yet he is still in Standard 6. Standard 6! As though he were twelve or thirteen years old. But then, he is not alone, neither is he the oldest student in his class. Twenty. And still in Standard 6. And I am not saying he is the brightest pupil in his class either.

Boycotts, strikes and indifference have plagued the schools in the last two decades. Our children have paid the price.

Related Characters: Mandisa (speaker), Mxolisi
Page Number and Citation: 72
Explanation and Analysis:
Mandisa understands the importance of education. She herself was unable to finish school after she became pregnant with Mxolisi as a teenager, and is sad to see her oldest son stall in Standard 6, which he should have completed seven or eight years ago. As his mother, Mandisa feels responsible for him, and wants what is best for him, but struggles to help him secure a happy, financially stable future. Mandisa understands several factors have contributed to Mxolisi’s truancy, which she outlines here. The state of education in Guguletu is abysmal, and has been for almost two decades. Eventually, students Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Volupt

Chapter 8 Quotes

Once more, it was brought home to me what turmoil the coming of this child had brought to my life. Were it not for him, of course, I would still be in school. Instead, I was forced into being a wife, forever abandoning my dreams, hopes, aspirations. For ever.

Related Characters: Mandisa (speaker), Mxolisi, China
Page Number and Citation: 132
Explanation and Analysis:
Both Mandisa and China have their hopes and dreams crushed by Mandisa’s surprise pregnancy. Both talented students, the pair assumed they would continue in school, perhaps go to boarding school, maybe college, and get jobs that required degrees, and compensated well. In this quotation, Mandisa reveals she feels her life is over—her “dreams, hopes, aspirations” abandoned “for ever.” She’s resentful of both China and Mxolisi. She resents Mxolisi for being born, and China for deciding to marry her after she’d has the baby (her concern has been being an unmarried mother, and so once Mxolisi was born she was no Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et

“For shoulders so tender, so far from fully formed, great is the weight you bear. You hold yourself and you are held ...” — she paused before saying the word ... “responsible.” She said the word with a sigh, as though she were a judge sending a young person, a first offender, to the gallows. Sending him there because of some terrible and overwhelming evidence she dared disregard only at her own peril.

[…]

“Mama,” she said, her voice once more her own. “You must free this your son.”

I said I didn’t understand.

“You know what I’m talking about. Go home. Think about your child. Children are very sensitive. They know when we hate them.” After a small pause she shook her head. “Perhaps, I use a word too strong ... but, resentment can be worse than hate.”

It was my turn to gasp. My whole being turned to ice. Tears pricked my eyes. I felt my father-in-law’s eyes on me and turned mine his way. His brow was gathered, his eyes wide with unasked questions. But the sangoma wasn’t done.

“But to come back to why you have come to see me,” she broke our locked eyes, “this child has seen great evil in his short little life. He needs all the love and understanding he can get.”

Related Characters: Mandisa (speaker), China’s Father, China, Mxolisi, Zazi and Mzamo
Page Number and Citation: 154
Explanation and Analysis:
After Mxolisi witnesses the murder of two young men, Zazi and Mzamo, he becomes silent, refusing to talk for the next four years. Mandisa does her best to coax her son to speak, but is unsuccessful. Eventually China’s father convinces Mandisa to see a sangoma, or traditional healer, who tells her that Mxolisi has been traumatized not only by watching the murder of two of his friends, but by Mandisa’s own resentment. The sangoma helps Mandisa realize that she’s resented her son for his entire life. Mandisa was forced to drop out of school and become a wife after her Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Accusanti

Were he to leave school before finishing high school, he would be sorry for the rest of his life. He would be part of the thousands upon thousands of young people who roam the township streets aimlessly day and night. That is how Mxolisi stayed long enough in school to become a high school student.

Unfortunately, it is in that high school that serious problems started. Mxolisi got himself involved in politics. Boycotts and strikes and stay-aways and what have you? Soon, he was a leader in students’ politics and many who didn’t know his face knew his name.

These children went around the township screaming at the top of their voices: LIBERATION NOW, EDUCATION LATER! and ONE SETTLER, ONE BULLET! And the more involved in politics he got, the less we saw him here at home.

Related Characters: Mandisa (speaker), Siziwe, Lunga, Mxolisi
Page Number and Citation: 161
Explanation and Analysis:
Mandisa frequently worries about her children’s educations. She understands, as someone forced to drop out of school as a teenager, that she was denied opportunities both because she was a young mother, and because she didn’t have a full education. She wants better for her sons and daughter, and warns them of the consequences of dropping out of school. Unfortunately, however, her words and warnings aren’t enough. As a concerned mother, she is less powerful than a large-scale youth movement dedicated to improving the school system, but in the end destroys it. Many of the chants the children use are Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et

Chapter 11 Quotes

“Mmelwane,” Skonana quickly jumped in. “We have come to cry with you ... as is our custom, to grieve with those who grieve.”

I didn’t know what to say or feel. I had not summoned my neighbours. Usually, the keening of mourners calls neighbours to the house that death has visited. I had not called my neighbours — I had not announced the death. Yes, there has been a death. But is it I who may keen? Is it I whom people should help grieve?

“We have come to be with you in this time,” Yolisa’s voice said.

And we talked, my neighbours and I. It was like the opening of a boil. Thereafter, I was not so afraid of my neighbours’ eyes. I did not immediately see condemnation in the eyes that beheld mine. When some stay away, I do not tell myself they are embarrassed or avoiding me. And even if they do, I know there are some among my friends and neighbours who feel for me — who understand my pain.

It is people such as these who give me strength. And hope. I hear there are churches and other groups working with young people and grownups. Helping. So that violence may stop, Or at least be less than it is right now. That is a good thing. We need to help each other ... all of us, but especially the children. Otherwise they grow up to be a problem for everyone. And then everybody suffers. I pray there may be help even for young people like Mxolisi. That they may change and come back better people.

Related Characters: Skonana (speaker), Mandisa (speaker), Mxolisi
Page Number and Citation: 200
Explanation and Analysis:
The night that The Girl is murdered, police come to Mandisa’s house, searching for Mxolisi. The next day, Reverend Mananga comes to her house and takes Mandisa to Mxolisi, who admits to killing the Girl. Although not shown explicitly, Mxolisi likely turns himself into the police, and is taken to jail. Meanwhile, Mandisa is forced to deal with the societal fallout. As Mxolisi’s mother, many people in Guguletu hold her responsible for his crimes. They assume she raised him badly, or else encouraged his violence. This isn’t true, but Mandisa feels like a social pariah nonetheless. This passage illustrates one Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium

My Sister-Mother, we are bound in this sorrow. You, as I, have not chosen this coat that you wear. It is heavy on our shoulders, I should know. It is heavy, only God knows how. We were not asked whether we wanted it or not. We did not choose, we are the chosen.

But you, remember this, let it console you some, you never have to ask yourself: What did I not do for this child? You can carry your head sky high. You have no shame, no reason for shame. Only the loss. Irretrievable loss. Be consoled, however. Be consoled, for with your loss comes no shame. No deep sense of personal failure. Only glory. Unwanted and unasked for, I know. But let this be your source of strength, your fountain of hope, the light that illumines the depth of your despair.

Related Characters: Mandisa (speaker), The Mother, The Girl, Mxolisi
Page Number and Citation: 201
Explanation and Analysis:
The bond between parents and children is revisited again and again in Mother to Mother. Here, Mandisa addresses The Mother. Both women’s children have been involved in tragedy: Mxolisi, Mandisa’s son, murdered The Girl, The Mother’s daughter. Although Mandisa herself did not commit the crime, and The Mother was not killed, both women are deeply affected by the murder. Each deals with a unique sorrow, which comes from each woman’s bond with her child. However, the women have no control over their sorrow, as Mandisa notes “we did not choose, we are chosen,” selected by the circumstances in which their Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum

Chapter 12 Quotes

And my son? What had he to live for?

My son. His tomorrows were his yesterday. Nothing. Stretching long, lean, mean, and empty. A glaring void. Nothing would come of the morrow. For him. Nothing at all. Long before the ground split when he pee’d on it, that knowledge was firmly planted in his soul ... it was intimately his.

He had already seen his tomorrows; in the defeated stoop of his father’s shoulders. In the tired eyes of that father’s friends. In the huddled, ragged men who daily wait for chance at some job whose whereabouts they do not know ... wait at the corners of roads leading nowhere ... wait for a van to draw up, a shout, a beckoning hand that could mean a day’s job for an hour’s wage, if that. He had seen his tomorrows — in the hungry, gnarled hands outstretched toward the long-dead brazier, bodies shivering in the unsmiling, setting sun of a winter’s day. Long have the men been waiting: all day. But chance has not come that way today. Chance rarely came that way. Any day. Chance has been busy in that other world ... the white world. Where it dwelt, at home among those other beings, who might or might not come with offers of a day’s employ. Where it made its abode — in posh suburbs and beautiful homes and thriving businesses ... forever forsaking the men looking for a day’s work that might give them an hour’s wage. The men from the dry, dusty, wind-flattened, withering shacks they call home. Would always, always call home. No escape.

Such stark sign-posts to his tomorrow. Hope still-born in his heart. As in the hearts of all like him. The million-million lumpen, the lost generation. My son. My son!

Related Characters: Mandisa (speaker), The Girl, The Mother, Mxolisi
Page Number and Citation: 203
Explanation and Analysis:
In this address in the novel’s final chapter, Mandisa laments that Mxolisi’s future was already bleak, before he ever committed murder, and before he ever went to jail. Mxolisi had essentially dropped out of school, and Mandisa knows from experience, and Mxolisi knew from observation, that a lack of education would severely restrict his future. Mandisa believes Mxolisi looked into the future and saw “a glaring void.” Therefore, he was willing to involve himself in political protests and in more violent mobs and even commit crimes, knowing that he had no real future to jeopardize. Mxolisi also recognized that black Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus v

That unforgiving moment. My son. Blood pounding in his ears. King! If for a day. If for a paltry five minutes ... a miserable but searing second.

AMANDLA! NGAWETHU! POWER! IT 1S OURS!

AMANDLA! NGAWETHU! POWER! IT IS OURS!

[…] Transported, the crowd responded; not dwelling on the significance of the word, deaf and blind to the seeds from which it sprang, the pitiful powerlessness that had brewed this very moment

And the song in my son’s ears. A song he had heard since he could walk. Even before he could walk. Song of hate, of despair, of rage. Song of impotent loathing.

AMABHULU, AZIZINJA!

AMABHULU, AZIZINJA!

BOERS, THEY ARE DOGS!

BOERS, THEY ARE DOGS!

[…] The crowd cheers my son on. One settler! One bullet! We had been cheering him on since the day he was born. Before he was born. Long before.

Related Characters: Mandisa (speaker), Mxolisi (speaker), The Girl (speaker), Tatomkhulu
Related Symbols: The Story of Nongqawuse
Page Number and Citation: 209
Explanation and Analysis:
In this moment, Mandisa recounts the imagined murder of The Girl by Mxolisi. The murder is sound-tracked by the chants, whose histories Mandisa has explained throughout the novel. Mxolisi is driven to murder The Girl both by the circumstances of his life, and the circumstances of that particular day —bad schools caused him to drop out and become both political and violent, and roaming the streets on this particular day allowed him to get into a situation where he would be able to be violent. However, Mandisa argues that Mxolisi was also driven by centuries-old forces, which operate through the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Accusantium iusto voluptas. Totam quae corporis. Impedit non ut. Incidunt rerum est. Aperiam doloremque eum. Animi soluta perspiciatis. Ut minima autem. Modi omnis iure. Sint qui qui. Qui similique praesentium. Ex consequatur magnam. Aliquid iste enim. Sequi aut maxime. Adipisci voluptate et. Voluptas suscipit alias. In et eveniet

Nongqawuse saw it in that long, long-ago dream: A great raging whirlwind would come. It would drive abelungu to the sea. Nongqawuse had but voiced the unconscious collective wish of the nation: rid ourselves of the scourge.

She was not robbed. She was not raped. There was no quarrel. Only the eruption of a slow, simmering, seething rage. Bitterness burst and spilled her tender blood on the green autumn grass of a far-away land. Irredeemable blood. Irretrievable loss.

One boy. Lost. Hopelessly lost.

One girl, far away from home.

The enactment of the deep, dark, private yearnings of a subjugated race. The consummation of inevitable senseless catastrophe.

[…] My son was only an agent, executing the long-simmering dark desires of his race. Burning hatred for the oppressor possessed his being. It saw through his eyes; walked with his feet and wielded the knife that tore mercilessly into her flesh. The resentment of three hundred years plugged his ears; deaf to her pitiful entreaties.

My son, the blind but sharpened arrow of the wrath of his race.

Your daughter, the sacrifice of hers. Blindly chosen. Flung towards her sad fate by fortune’s cruellest slings.

But for the chance of a day, the difference of one sun’s rise, she would be alive today. My son, perhaps not a murderer. Perhaps, not yet.

Related Characters: Mandisa (speaker), Tatomkhulu, Mxolisi, The Girl
Related Symbols: The Story of Nongqawuse
Page Number and Citation: 210
Explanation and Analysis:
In the final paragraphs of the novel, Mandisa imagines what Mxolisi’s murder of The Girl was like, and compares the release of his pent-up rage to the prophet Nongqawuse’s promised cleansing storm. Nongqawuse spoke to the fed-up Xhosa people and promised that if they killed their cattle and burned their fields, a storm would come and wash away the white colonizers who were stealing their land. Now, over a century later, Mandisa understands that while Mxolisi’s actions and decisions were his own, they were also part of an “unconscious collective wish” to kill European colonizers. Through him, centuries of rage Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui e
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Mxolisi Character Timeline in Mother to Mother

The timeline below shows where the character Mxolisi appears in Mother to Mother. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Chapter 1: Mandisa’s Lament
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Mandisa begins with an address to the Mother of the Girl. She acknowledges her son, Mxolisi, killed the Mother’s daughter. Mandisa explains that, since the murder, her community has been blaming... (full context)
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Mandisa continues that she isn’t shocked Mxolisi killed the Girl. Nothing about her son shocks her anymore, she explains, ever since his... (full context)
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...indeed, helping, they never think anyone would want to hurt them.” Mandisa suspects that if Mxolisi had killed one of the black women who were accompanying the Girl, there would have... (full context)
The Legacy of Colonialism and Apartheid Theme Icon
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...sins of the fathers and mothers who did not do their share of seeing that” Mxolisi lived a good life. Now that he’s in jail, he has access to amenities he... (full context)
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...is overwhelmed with shame, and the hurt of the Mother. She asks God to forgive Mxolisi for his sin. (full context)
Chapter 2: Mowbray – Wednesday 25 August 1993
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...The younger two, Siziwe and Lunga, meet her in the kitchen for coffee and bread. Mxolisi, her oldest son, eventually joins them, complaining there isn’t enough food to eat, but his... (full context)
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Mandisa wonders if it was a mistake sending Mxolisi to be circumcised that winter when he came of age. She had hoped it would... (full context)
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Back in Guguletu Mxolisi tries to convince the minister at St Mary Magdalene, Reverend Mananga, to let him and... (full context)
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The group leaves, chanting and splitting up as they weave through the township. Mxolisi’s group then encounters a burning car. They watch it burn and joke about the fate... (full context)
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Mxolisi and his friends pass the police station, which everyone treats cautiously, as they don’t know... (full context)
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Meanwhile, Mxolisi and his group of friends are almost home, but they’re distracted by a crowd swarming... (full context)
Chapter 3: 5.15 p.m. – Wednesday 25 August 1993
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...her home. She worries about her children, and prays to God to keep them, especially Mxolisi, safe. She then feels guilty for favoring him, but understands it is to make up... (full context)
Chapter 4: 7.30 p.m.
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Mandisa arrives at home, and asks Siziwe where Mxolisi and Lunga are. Mandisa realizes that Siziwe, a girl, is more vulnerable than her sons,... (full context)
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Lunga is home, but Mxolisi is still missing. Mandisa is upset that Siziwe is not more concerned by her brother’s... (full context)
Chapter 5
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Back in the present, in 1993, neither Mxolisi, nor Mandisa’s husband, Dwadwa, have returned home. Once again, Mandisa wonders what is wrong with... (full context)
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...their cars. Mandisa cooks up the meat Dwadwa brought home. She continues to worry about Mxolisi, who, although he loves meat, fails to appear even when she serves dinner. She feels... (full context)
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That night, in bed, Dwadwa asks Mandisa where Mxolisi is. When she says she doesn’t know, he warns her that he will “bring you... (full context)
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...is unable to apologize to him for lashing out. Instead, she lays awake worrying about Mxolisi. (full context)
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Mandisa explains that schools have gotten worse since her own childhood. Mxolisi is twenty but still in the classes he should’ve completed at age eleven or twelve.... (full context)
Chapter 6: 4 a.m. – Thursday 26 August 1993
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...realizes it was the sound of a car door being quietly shut. She wonders if Mxolisi has arrived by car. She comforts herself by asserting her son “is not a bad... (full context)
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...her, as the police announce themselves and demand the family “open up.” Mandisa worries about Mxolisi again, but knows the police wouldn’t come to announce that something bad happened to him. (full context)
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...the police officer has to ask a black policeman, who tells Mandisa they’re looking for Mxolisi. Mandisa truthfully explains she doesn’t know where Mxolisi is, and the white police officer slaps... (full context)
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The police continue to dismantle the house. They destroy the hokkie where Mxolisi and Lunga slept, look in the rafters, in closets, and under beds. As they leave,... (full context)
Chapter 7
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Mandisa briefly address the Mother, explaining that Mxolisi has caused her so much trouble in her life, but he can no longer surprise... (full context)
Chapter 8
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Mandisa addresses the Mother. She explains that three children call her mother, but ever since Mxolisi killed the Girl, she’s been called various other names—“Mother of the beast. Mother of the... (full context)
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Mandisa reports that Mxolisi’s birth, like his conception, occurred “without my say-so, without any invitation or encouragement.” So full... (full context)
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Mandisa initially names Mxolisi “Hlumelo,” which means sprout or sprig, the start of something new. Mandisa hopes good things... (full context)
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By late February, when Mxolisi is two months old, Mandisa no longer wants to marry China.  She had wanted to... (full context)
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...personal items, but leaves behind relics of her girlhood. As Mandisa leaves, Mama asks about Mxolisi, and Mandisa realizes her mother has both accepted her grandson and begun to love him. (full context)
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Mandisa realizes that her life is about to change again. Mama had slept with Mxolisi, and carried him on her back when they went to the post-natal clinic together. For... (full context)
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Mandisa’s in-laws also insist on renaming Mxolisi, who, at this point, is still named Hlumelo. This is unconventional, but China’s relatives insist... (full context)
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...day, Mandisa does chores from early morning to late night, caring for her in-laws and Mxolisi. China gets paid for the job that he hates, but Mandisa labors for free. (full context)
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...be able to restart her education. She asks China’s father, who offers excuses mostly that Mxolisi is too young (even though Mama could care for him). Mandisa continues to wait. She... (full context)
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That year, just after Mxolisi turns two, China disappears. He leaves for work one day and never returns. China’s father... (full context)
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...but after six months is fed up, and so rents a hokkie for herself and Mxolisi, a home she describes as a “hokkie of my own.” (full context)
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Mxolisi grows quickly. He has a large vocabulary, runs before he walks, and is generally a... (full context)
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Although he was a precocious child who learned to speak early, Mxolisi stops speaking for several years at four years old. He is playing at the big... (full context)
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After Zazi and Mzamo’s deaths, Mxolisi is like a “walking zombie,” although he never cries. Mandisa worries for him, and eventually... (full context)
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China’s father suggests bringing Mxolisi to a sangoma, an indigenous healer. Mandisa, Mxolisi, and China’s father all go together. The... (full context)
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...realizes why she’s been uninterested in having sex, and why she’s been so resentful of Mxolisi. Mxolisi has, in a way, taken her own virginity. Just as some women always fondly... (full context)
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Nono is pregnant again, and she and Khaya finally get married. Mxolisi is the ring bearer. At the wedding, Mandisa meets Lungile, who offers to walk her... (full context)
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Lungile and Mxolisi get along well, often spending one-on-one time together. Still, Mandisa enjoys “Our private moments” with... (full context)
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Soon after Lunga is born, Mxolisi stops whispering for a while. He also begins to wet his bed. Mandisa recalls, “I... (full context)
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Finally, for the first time in two years, Mxolisi speaks. He asks “Uph’ owam utata? […] Where is my own father?” Shocked, Mandisa doesn’t... (full context)
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Soon, Mxolisi begins school. He’s the top of his class, though suffers a setback when a teacher... (full context)
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Mxolisi initially returns to school, but in high school he grows increasingly radicalized and even becomes... (full context)
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Mandisa is often stopped in Guguletu by strangers who call her “Mother of Mxolisi,” and tell her she should be proud of her son because of his political activism.... (full context)
Chapter 9: 6 a.m. – Thursday 26 August
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...about their raid. However, she’s afraid she already knows the answers—the police are looking for Mxolisi because of his involvement in the death of the Girl. (full context)
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...out. Instead, she takes her frustration out on Dwadwa, and then begins worrying more about Mxolisi. (full context)
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...Siziwe wakes up and calls her back, tears finally pouring forth. She admits she saw Mxolisi the previous day; he ran into the house and hid something in the hokkie. Siziwe... (full context)
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...to feel “fear and anger.” She “feared, and refused to accept” what has happened to Mxolisi. Dwadwa tries to comfort her as he prepares for work, and checks in one last... (full context)
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Dwadwa doesn’t think Mxolisi will return. Dwadwa believes Mxolisi knows the police are after him. Mandisa asks him why... (full context)
Chapter 10
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...in the afternoon from a long nap. Siziwe is already awake, and tells Mandisa that Mxolisi still hasn’t returned. She reports that boys came by in a car to talk to... (full context)
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...who introduces himself as Reverend Mananga. He tells her to pass on a message to Mxolisi, that he’s found a meeting place for him. However, as he speaks, he writes a... (full context)
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...woman ushers her inside. Mandisa waits alone in a room for half an hour, until Mxolisi enters the room. They look at each other for a moment, and then begin to... (full context)
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Mxolisi tells Mandisa he’s being blamed for the murder of the Girl. He insists he was... (full context)
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Mxolisi continues to insist he was not the only one present at the Girl’s murder. Mandisa... (full context)
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Mandisa wonders, “who was consoling whom?” Both she and Mxolisi cry and comfort one other. Eventually, they pull apart, and Mandisa can see “pain and... (full context)
Chapter 11
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Mandisa addresses the Mother. She wonders what she should do for Mxolisi: “Deliver him to the police? Get him a lawyer?” She wonders if supporting her son... (full context)
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...to South Africa. She had a bright future ahead of her. Meanwhile, Mandisa wonders if Mxolisi had anything “to live for,” even before his crime. (full context)
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Mandisa points out how the same people who now criticize Mxolisi at one point praised him for being a Young Lion, and taught him chants like... (full context)
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Mandisa is filled with “shame” at Mxolisi’s crime, and “anger” at the adults who have been pushing him towards it. She tells... (full context)
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...killed the Girl, “which hand delivered the telling stab, the fatal blow?” She wonders why Mxolisi was singled out. She wonders why Mxolisi did this, and prays to God for help. (full context)
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...children especially, so they don’t grow up to be a “problem.” She wonders if even Mxolisi can be helped, if he can “change and come back [a] better” person. (full context)
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...addresses the Mother again. She calls the Girl “the imperfect atonement of her race,” and Mxolisi “the perfect host of the demons of his.” Together, the two mothers are “bound in... (full context)
Chapter 12
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Mandisa wonders what Mxolisi had to live for. Even before his crime, his future was “a glaring void.” He... (full context)
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Mandisa imagines the afternoon of Wednesday, August 25, the moment Mxolisi killed the Girl: Mxolisi and his group of friends are walking through the neighborhood. He... (full context)
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...for freedom. One of the Girl’s friends yells that “she’s just a university student,” but Mxolisi and the others “know nothing of universities.” (full context)
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Mxolisi is “King! If for a day.” People begin to chant “AMANDLA! NGAWETHU! POWER! IT IS... (full context)
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...“bitterness,” “the enactment of the deep, dark, private yearnings of a subjugated race.” Mandisa believes Mxolisi was “only an agent” of his race, a “blind but sharpened arrow,” aimed at the... (full context)