LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Normal People, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Love, Inexperience, and Emotional Intensity
Identity, Insecurity, and Social Status
Miscommunication and Assumptions
Money, Class, and Entitlement
Summary
Analysis
Connell and Marianne lounge in bed with their computers. They’re trying to decide what fields of study they should apply for in their college applications. Marianne has decided to apply to Trinity College in Dublin, where she wants to study History and Politics. But Connell isn’t so sure. At first, he puts down Law, but he can’t envision himself as a lawyer, so Marianne urges him to study the only thing he's really interested in: English. He worries about not finding a good job with an English degree, but Marianne still encourages him. “The economy’s fucked anyway,” she says.
When considering Marianne and Connell’s relationship, it’s helpful to remember that they are, in many ways, growing up together. They meet in a transitional period in their lives, just before they enter the wider world as adults. Their relationship therefore has the naiveté of first love and the emotional intensity of an adult connection. As they discuss what Connell should study, it becomes clear that Marianne wants to support him and help him find happiness. When she tells him not to worry about his job prospects, she reveals both her desire for him to do what he loves and her naiveté when it comes to financial matters—as a wealthy person, she doesn’t have to worry about such things, but that’s not necessarily the case for Connell.
Active
Themes
Marianne slept at Connell’s house after the first time they had sex. She’d never done it before, but Connell had already slept with a few people. But these past experiences were uncomfortable for him, largely because he knew his sex partners would tell everyone about it the next day—he often had to listen to other people at school narrating his sex life to him later on, which always made him deeply uncomfortable. With Marianne, though, it wasn’t like that. He knew she wouldn’t tell anyone. Having thoroughly enjoyed himself, he kissed her goodbye the following morning and put the bedsheets in the washing machine before his mother came home. But when Lorraine returned, she saw the sheets in the machine and knew what had happened. Laughing, she simply told Connell to use protection.
For somebody as shy as Connell, it would obviously be horrifying to know that everyone in school knew the intimate details of a sexual encounter. Accordingly, sleeping with Marianne is a rewardingly private experience, since Connell knows people won’t come up to him at school and make jokes about what they’ve heard. Privacy, then, is a prerequisite for Connell to truly open himself up to real emotional intimacy—and although his and Marianne’s relationship has some clear flaws because it’s shrouded in secrecy, it’s nothing if not private, allowing him to embrace what it feels like to have an authentic romantic connection.
Active
Themes
In school that week, Connell’s friend Rob asked him what it was like for his mother to clean Marianne’s house. He wanted to know if Connell ever went into Marianne’s and if she treated him like her butler. Connell avoided the questions as much as possible, but the conversation made him feel weird about sleeping with Marianne. He told himself he would break it off with her, but he knew he wouldn’t. By that afternoon, he couldn’t stop thinking about her, so he drove to her house, where they had sex in her bedroom. Relaxing into her touch, he understood for the first time why people go to such great lengths for sexual pleasure.
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Active
Themes
After having sex with Connell, Marianne told him that she liked him a lot—a compliment that made him strangely sad, but in a good way. He sometimes gets like this, feeling a sense of perplexing sorrow. In this case, he saw that Marianne lived a life free of concern about what other people think of her. He, on the other hand, was stuck constantly worrying about how others perceive him. He has tried writing about Marianne to figure out how he feels about her. He likes trying to articulate who she is and how she acts, but he’s always embarrassed about what he’s written.
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Back in the present, Marianne and Connell are still lounging in bed and filling out college applications. Marianne encourages him not only to study English, but to do so at Trinity in Dublin. He knows that going to Trinity would take him down an unforeseen path. Sometimes he feels like there are two versions of himself, and though he doesn’t know which of those versions to be, he understands that soon he’ll have to commit to one. If he goes to college in Galway, he’ll more or less keep his current life. He’ll hang out with the same friends and generally lead the existence he’s always assumed he’d lead. But if he goes to Dublin, he’ll have an entirely different life—a more cultured life in which he would have sex with interesting people and talk about literature.
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Connell wonders what the people he’s close to would think if he went to school in Dublin. He knows he’d hardly ever come home to Carricklea if he went to Trinity. Some of his friends would hold that against him, but his mother wouldn’t mind—Lorraine would just want him to be happy. He jokes to Marianne that if they both went to Trinity, she’d probably pretend she didn’t know him. She’s quiet for a moment, and then she says she would never pretend she doesn’t know him.
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Connell reflects on the fact that he pretends he doesn’t know Marianne when they’re at school. He doesn’t want his private and public lives to collide. But he also feels awkward about the direction that his conversation with Marianne has taken. He tells her that he’ll apply for English at Trinity. She smiles, and suddenly he feels like he might actually be able to keep his two lives going at the same time—he might be able to have one life in which he acts like he always does with his friends in Carricklea, and another life in which he goes to Trinity with Marianne. But he knows that, as soon as he meets Marianne’s smiling gaze, he won’t believe this anymore.
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