Play It As It Lays

by Joan Didion

Superficiality Theme Analysis

Themes and Colors
Meaninglessness  Theme Icon
Gender Inequality and Identity Theme Icon
Loss and Recovery  Theme Icon
Superficiality  Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Play It As It Lays, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Superficiality  Theme Icon
Superficiality  Theme Icon

In the Hollywood depicted in Play It as It Lays, style and appearance are everything, and nobody has any tolerance for sincerity, vulnerability, or meaningful communication. Shortly before she’s institutionalized for having a mental breakdown, Hollywood actress Maria is in a motel room with her husband Carter; her friends Helene and  BZ; and Susannah Wood, the lead actress in Carter’s latest film and Carter’s mistress. When Susannah mocks Maria for asking to turn down the music, Maria states bluntly and honestly, “I don’t like any of you. […] You are all making me sick.” The room responds poorly to Maria’s candid expression of disgust. “If it’s not funny don’t say it,” Helene advises Maria. Helene’s advice reflects the general attitude adopted by everyone in their social circle: keep things light and entertaining, and, above all, don’t be too honest.

As such, superficiality pervades every aspect of Maria’s life: her friendships are phony and unfulfilling, and her conversations are inane and impersonal. When Maria asks Helene to be her witness in her divorce hearing, Helene’s main concern is whether they’ll eat lunch before or after the hearing—not Maria’s feelings about the dissolution of her marriage. Similarly, while the two women are out to lunch, Helene chastises Maria for “looking like hell,” insisting that a divorce “isn’t any excuse for [her] to fall apart.” Helene’s remark illustrates what little patience she has for her friend’s personal problems, as well as the value she places on outward appearances: to Helene, Maria’s biggest sin is “looking like hell,” regardless of how hellish Maria might feel on the inside. Superficiality presents itself in other ways, as well: for instance, BZ and Helene remain in a loveless marriage to conceal BZ’s scandalous homosexuality. And when Maria finds out she’s pregnant (most likely with another man’s baby), Carter coerces her to have an illicit abortion to protect his reputation.

Maria and BZ, the only two characters who explicitly acknowledge their disillusionment with their lives’ phoniness, see themselves as players in a game. Right before BZ commits suicide, he warns Maria that “some day [she’ll] wake up and [she] just won’t feel like playing anymore.” BZ’s choice to commit suicide—to stop “playing” the game of life—suggests that superficiality isn’t a Hollywood-specific problem, but an inherent part of the human experience. The novel isn’t a scathing critique of the shallow meaninglessness that lurks beneath Hollywood’s charmed exterior. Rather, it’s a broader look into how society’s accepted “rules” encourage superficiality and perpetuate the loneliness and alienation that socializing should, in theory, alleviate. People’s inherent strangeness—the fact that all one can ever know of others is what they display (consciously or unconsciously) on the surface—makes superficiality the default state.

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Superficiality Quotes in Play It As It Lays

Below you will find the important quotes in Play It As It Lays related to the theme of Superficiality .

Maria Quotes

I might as well lay it on the line, I have trouble with as it was. I mean it leads nowhere.

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth (speaker), Kate Lang , Benny Austin, Harry Wyeth, Francine Wyeth
Page Number and Citation: 7
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 4 Quotes

“He said, ‘What I like about your wife, Carter, is she’s not a cunt.’”

Maria said nothing.

“That’s very funny, Maria, Kulik saying that to Carter, you lost your sense of humor?”

“I’ve already heard it.”

Related Characters: BZ (speaker), Maria Wyeth (speaker), Carter Lang, Larry Kulik
Page Number and Citation: 27
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 8 Quotes

“You haven’t asked me how it went after we left Anita’s,” BZ said.

“How did it go,” Maria said without interest.

“Everybody got what he came for.”

“Don’t you ever get tired of doing favors for people?”

There was a long silence. “You don’t know how tired,” BZ said.

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth (speaker), BZ (speaker), Anita Garson, Larry Kulik
Page Number and Citation: 39
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 10 Quotes

The way he looked was the problem. He looked exactly the same. He looked untouched, and she did not.

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth, The Masseur, BZ, Helene
Page Number and Citation: 44-45
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 14 Quotes

“The doctor will want to know how many weeks.”

“How many weeks what?”

There was a silence. “How advanced is the problem, Maria,” the voice said finally.

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth (speaker), The Man in White (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 56
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 19 Quotes

She could remember it all but none of it seemed to come to anything. She had a sense the dream had ended and she had slept on.

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth, Carter Lang, Les Goodwin, Ivan Costello, BZ
Page Number and Citation: 69
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 24 Quotes

Maria turned off the ignition and looked at the man in the white duck pants with an intense and grateful interest. In the past few minutes he had significantly altered her perception of reality: she saw now that she was not a woman on her way to have an abortion. She was a woman parking a Corvette outside a tract house while a man in white pants talked about buying a Camaro. There was no more to it than that.

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth (speaker), The Man in White
Page Number and Citation: 79
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 26 Quotes

“I am just very very very tired of listening to you all.”

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth (speaker), Les Goodwin, Susannah Wood, Helene, BZ, Carter Lang
Page Number and Citation: 85
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 27 Quotes

That night as the plane taxied out onto the runway at McCarran Maria had kept her face pressed against the window for as long as she could see them, her mother and father and Benny Austin, waving at the wrong window.

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth (speaker), Harry Wyeth, Francine Wyeth, Benny Austin
Page Number and Citation: 88
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 30 Quotes

“Maria, I empathize. What you and Carter are going through, it tears my heart out. Believe me, I’ve been through it. Which is why I know that work is the best medicine for things wrong in the private-life department. And I don’t want to sound like an agent, but ten percent of nothing doesn’t pay the bar bill.” He laughed, and then looked at her. “A joke, Maria. Just a joke.”

Related Characters: Freddy Chaikin (speaker), Maria Wyeth, Carter Lang
Page Number and Citation: 91
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 37 Quotes

“You look like hell, Maria this isn’t any excuse for you to fall apart, I mean a divorce. I’ve done it twice.”

Related Characters: Helene (speaker), Maria Wyeth, Carter Lang, BZ
Page Number and Citation: 107
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 46 Quotes

She had watched them in supermarkets and she knew the signs. At seven o’clock on a Saturday evening they would be standing in the checkout line reading the horoscope in Harper’s Bazaar and in their carts would be a single lamb chop and maybe two cans of cat food and the Sunday morning paper, the early edition with the comics wrapped outside. They would be very pretty some of the time, their skirts the right length and their sunglasses the right tint and maybe only a little vulnerable tightness around the mouth, but there they were, one lamp chop and some cat food and the morning paper. To avoid giving off the signs, Maria shopped always for a household, gallons of grapefruit juice, quarts of green chile salsa, dried lentils and alphabet noodles, rigatoni and canned yams, twenty-pound boxes of laundry detergent. She knew all the indices to the idle lonely, never bought a small tube of toothpaste, never dropped a magazine in her shopping cart. The house in Beverly Hills overflowed with sugar, corn-muffin mix, frozen roasts and Spanish onions. Maria ate cottage cheese.

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth
Page Number and Citation: 122-123
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 56 Quotes

“Some people resist,” he said. “Some people don’t want to know.”

Related Characters: The Hypnotist (speaker), Maria Wyeth, Carter Lang, Helene
Page Number and Citation: 143
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 67 Quotes

“Something bad is going to happen to me,” she said.

“Something bad is going to happen to all of us.”

She could hear a typewriter in the background. “I mean it. Take me somewhere.”

“You got a map of Peru?”

She said nothing.

“That’s funny, Maria. That’s a line from Dark Passage.”

“I know it.”

“I had a fight with Felicia at lunch, I’ve got to have a rewrite by tomorrow morning, I tell you something funny and you don’t laugh.”

“When I want to hear something funny I’ll call you up again.”

Related Characters: Les Goodwin (speaker), Maria Wyeth (speaker), Felicia Goodwin, Ivan Costello, Carter Lang
Page Number and Citation: 182
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 71 Quotes

“I don’t like any of you,” she said. “You are all making me sick.”

Susannah Wood laughed.

“That’s not funny, Maria,” Helene said.

“I mean sick. Physically sick.”

Helene picked up a jar from the clutter on Susannah Wood’s dressing table and began smoothing cream onto Maria’s shoulders. “If it’s not funny don’t say it, Maria.”

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth (speaker), Helene (speaker), Susannah Wood, Carter Lang, Johnny Waters/The Actor
Page Number and Citation: 190-191
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 72 Quotes

“It does make a difference to me.”

“No,” BZ said. “It doesn’t.”

Maria stared out the window into the dry wash behind the motel.

“You know it doesn’t. If you thought things like that mattered you’d be gone already. You’re not going anywhere.”

“Why don’t you get me a drink,” Maria said finally.

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth (speaker), BZ (speaker), Carter Lang, Helene
Page Number and Citation: 195
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 76 Quotes

If Carter and Helene want to think it happened because I was insane, I say let them. They have to lay it off on someone. Carter and Helene still believe in cause-effect. Carter and Helene also believe that people are either sane or insane.

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth (speaker), Carter Lang, Helene, BZ
Page Number and Citation: 203
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 82 Quotes

Carter and Helene still ask questions. I used to ask questions, and I got the answer: nothing. The answer is “nothing.” Now that I have the answer, my plans for the future are these: (1) get Kate, (2) live with Kate alone, (3) do some canning. Damson plums, apricot preserves. Sweet India relish and pickled peaches. Apple chutney. Summer squash succotash. There might even be a ready market for such canning: you will note that after everything I remain Harry and Francine Wyeth’s daughter and Benny Austin’s godchild. For all I know they knew the answer too, and pretended they didn’t. You call it as you see it, and stay in the action. BZ thought otherwise. If Carter and Helene aren’t careful they’ll get the answer too.

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth (speaker), Helene, BZ, Francine Wyeth, Harry Wyeth, Benny Austin, Carter Lang
Page Number and Citation: 210
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 83 Quotes

She took his hand and held it. “Why are you here.”

“Because you and I, we know something. Because we’ve been out there where nothing is. Because I wanted—you know why.”

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth (speaker), BZ (speaker)
Related Symbols: The Desert
Page Number and Citation: 212
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 84 Quotes

I know what “nothing” means, and I keep on playing.

Why, BZ would say.

Why not, I say.

Related Characters: Maria Wyeth (speaker), BZ (speaker), Harry Wyeth
Page Number and Citation: 214
Explanation and Analysis: