Purgatorio

by

Dante Alighieri

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Virgil Character Analysis

Virgil, a poet of the first century B.C.E., accompanies Dante through Purgatory as a guide, leader, and father figure. Virgil is wise, patient, and loving, though he can also be stern, warning Dante not to waste precious time on his journey. Because Virgil is not a Christian (he lived before Christ was born), yet is regarded as virtuous, he resides in the relatively benign section of Hell known as Limbo and is given special leave to enter Purgatory, though he cannot accompany Dante beyond it. Throughout the journey, Virgil delivers discourses on the nature of love and sin, which illuminate Dante’s understanding of what he witnesses in Purgatory as well as Dante’s own spiritual journey towards God. During the journey through Purgatory, several souls of poets, like Sordello and Statius, are in awe of the chance to meet Virgil, their literary hero. Indeed, Virgil’s epic poem The Aeneid greatly inspire Dante’s own writing.

Virgil Quotes in Purgatorio

The Purgatorio quotes below are all either spoken by Virgil or refer to Virgil. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Purgatory and the Heavenward Journey Theme Icon
).
Canto 3 Quotes

It’s madness if we hope that rational minds
should ever follow to its end the road
that one true being in three persons takes.

Content yourselves with quia, human kind.
Had you been able to see everything,
Mary need not have laboured to give birth.

You saw the fruitless yearning of those men
who might have had that yearning satisfied,
now given them eternally to mourn.

Plato, I mean, and Aristotle, too, and many more with them.’

Related Characters: Virgil (speaker), Dante
Page Number: 169
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 7 Quotes

There is a place down there not grim with pain
but only with sad shades whose deep laments
sound not as screams but melancholy sighs.

I take my place with children – innocents
in whom the bite of death set lethal teeth
before they’d been made free of human sin.

And there I stay with all who were not clothed
in those three holy virtues – though I knew,
and, guiltless, followed all the other four.

Related Characters: Virgil (speaker), Sordello
Page Number: 189
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 12 Quotes

We were, by now, ascending that great stair.
And I, it seemed, was lighter now by far
than I had seemed while still on level ground.

So, ‘Tell me, sir,’ I said, ‘what weight has now
been lifted from me, so I almost feel
no strain at all in walking on my way?’

He answered: ‘When the “P”s that mark your brow,
remaining still, though growing now more faint,
have all (as is the first) been sheared away,

your steps will then be conquered by good will
and, being thus impelled towards the heights,
will feel no strain but only sheer delight.’

Related Characters: Dante (speaker), Virgil (speaker)
Related Symbols: Journeys and Climbing
Page Number: 215
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 15 Quotes

Because your human longings point to where
portions grow smaller in shared fellowship,
meanness of mind must make the bellows sigh.

If love, though, seeking for the utmost sphere,
should ever wrench your longings to the skies,
such fears would have no place within your breast.

For, there, the more that we can speak of “ours”,
the more each one possesses of the good
and, in that cloister, caritas burns brighter.

Related Characters: Virgil (speaker), Dante
Page Number: 227
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 17 Quotes

Neither creator nor created thing
was ever, dearest son, without’ (he starts)
‘the love of mind or nature. You know that.

The natural love can never go astray.
The other, though, may err when wrongly aimed,
or else through too much vigour or the lack. […]

Hence, of necessity, you’ll understand
that love must be the seed of all good powers,
as, too, of penalties your deeds deserve.

Related Characters: Virgil (speaker), Dante
Page Number: 238
Explanation and Analysis:

If love is slack in drawing you to view –
or win – that good, then this ledge, where we’re now,
after your fit repentance, martyrs you.

And other goods will not bring happiness,
not happy in themselves, nor that good source
of being, seed and flower of all that’s good.

Related Characters: Virgil (speaker), Dante
Page Number: 239
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 21 Quotes

Tremors strike here when any soul feels pure
and rises, newly cleansed, to start its climb.
And that cry follows as the soul ascends.

The will alone gives proof of purity
when, wholly free to change its sacred place,
it aids and sweeps the soul up, willing well.

Related Characters: Statius (speaker), Dante, Virgil
Related Symbols: Journeys and Climbing
Page Number: 257
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 23 Quotes

While I, through these green boughs, fixed searching sight
as might some hunter tracking little birds,
who spends his life in vain on that pursuit),
my more-than-father spoke. ‘Dear son,’ he said,
‘do come along. The time appointed us
should be more usefully divided out.’

Related Characters: Dante (speaker), Virgil
Page Number: 265
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 27 Quotes

Over my suppliant hands entwined, I leaned
just staring at the fire, imagining
bodies of human beings I’d seen burn.

And both my trusted guides now turned to me.
And Virgil spoke, to say: ‘My dearest son,
here may be agony but never death.

Remember this! Remember! And if I
led you to safety on Geryon’s back,
what will I do when now so close to God?

Believe this. And be sure. Were you to stay
a thousand years or more wombed in this fire,
you’d not be made the balder by one hair.

Related Characters: Dante (speaker), Virgil (speaker)
Page Number: 284
Explanation and Analysis:

Then, firmly, Virgil fixed his eyes on me,
saying: ‘The temporal and eternal fires
you’ve seen, my son, and now you’re in a place
where I, through my own powers, can tell no more.

I’ve drawn you here by skill and searching mind.
Now take what pleases you to be your guide.
You’re now beyond the steeps, beyond all straits. […]

No longer look to me for signs or word.
Your will is healthy, upright, free and whole.
And not to heed that sense would be a fault.
Lord of yourself, I crown and mitre you.’

Related Characters: Virgil (speaker), Dante
Page Number: 287
Explanation and Analysis:
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Virgil Quotes in Purgatorio

The Purgatorio quotes below are all either spoken by Virgil or refer to Virgil. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Purgatory and the Heavenward Journey Theme Icon
).
Canto 3 Quotes

It’s madness if we hope that rational minds
should ever follow to its end the road
that one true being in three persons takes.

Content yourselves with quia, human kind.
Had you been able to see everything,
Mary need not have laboured to give birth.

You saw the fruitless yearning of those men
who might have had that yearning satisfied,
now given them eternally to mourn.

Plato, I mean, and Aristotle, too, and many more with them.’

Related Characters: Virgil (speaker), Dante
Page Number: 169
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 7 Quotes

There is a place down there not grim with pain
but only with sad shades whose deep laments
sound not as screams but melancholy sighs.

I take my place with children – innocents
in whom the bite of death set lethal teeth
before they’d been made free of human sin.

And there I stay with all who were not clothed
in those three holy virtues – though I knew,
and, guiltless, followed all the other four.

Related Characters: Virgil (speaker), Sordello
Page Number: 189
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 12 Quotes

We were, by now, ascending that great stair.
And I, it seemed, was lighter now by far
than I had seemed while still on level ground.

So, ‘Tell me, sir,’ I said, ‘what weight has now
been lifted from me, so I almost feel
no strain at all in walking on my way?’

He answered: ‘When the “P”s that mark your brow,
remaining still, though growing now more faint,
have all (as is the first) been sheared away,

your steps will then be conquered by good will
and, being thus impelled towards the heights,
will feel no strain but only sheer delight.’

Related Characters: Dante (speaker), Virgil (speaker)
Related Symbols: Journeys and Climbing
Page Number: 215
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 15 Quotes

Because your human longings point to where
portions grow smaller in shared fellowship,
meanness of mind must make the bellows sigh.

If love, though, seeking for the utmost sphere,
should ever wrench your longings to the skies,
such fears would have no place within your breast.

For, there, the more that we can speak of “ours”,
the more each one possesses of the good
and, in that cloister, caritas burns brighter.

Related Characters: Virgil (speaker), Dante
Page Number: 227
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 17 Quotes

Neither creator nor created thing
was ever, dearest son, without’ (he starts)
‘the love of mind or nature. You know that.

The natural love can never go astray.
The other, though, may err when wrongly aimed,
or else through too much vigour or the lack. […]

Hence, of necessity, you’ll understand
that love must be the seed of all good powers,
as, too, of penalties your deeds deserve.

Related Characters: Virgil (speaker), Dante
Page Number: 238
Explanation and Analysis:

If love is slack in drawing you to view –
or win – that good, then this ledge, where we’re now,
after your fit repentance, martyrs you.

And other goods will not bring happiness,
not happy in themselves, nor that good source
of being, seed and flower of all that’s good.

Related Characters: Virgil (speaker), Dante
Page Number: 239
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 21 Quotes

Tremors strike here when any soul feels pure
and rises, newly cleansed, to start its climb.
And that cry follows as the soul ascends.

The will alone gives proof of purity
when, wholly free to change its sacred place,
it aids and sweeps the soul up, willing well.

Related Characters: Statius (speaker), Dante, Virgil
Related Symbols: Journeys and Climbing
Page Number: 257
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 23 Quotes

While I, through these green boughs, fixed searching sight
as might some hunter tracking little birds,
who spends his life in vain on that pursuit),
my more-than-father spoke. ‘Dear son,’ he said,
‘do come along. The time appointed us
should be more usefully divided out.’

Related Characters: Dante (speaker), Virgil
Page Number: 265
Explanation and Analysis:
Canto 27 Quotes

Over my suppliant hands entwined, I leaned
just staring at the fire, imagining
bodies of human beings I’d seen burn.

And both my trusted guides now turned to me.
And Virgil spoke, to say: ‘My dearest son,
here may be agony but never death.

Remember this! Remember! And if I
led you to safety on Geryon’s back,
what will I do when now so close to God?

Believe this. And be sure. Were you to stay
a thousand years or more wombed in this fire,
you’d not be made the balder by one hair.

Related Characters: Dante (speaker), Virgil (speaker)
Page Number: 284
Explanation and Analysis:

Then, firmly, Virgil fixed his eyes on me,
saying: ‘The temporal and eternal fires
you’ve seen, my son, and now you’re in a place
where I, through my own powers, can tell no more.

I’ve drawn you here by skill and searching mind.
Now take what pleases you to be your guide.
You’re now beyond the steeps, beyond all straits. […]

No longer look to me for signs or word.
Your will is healthy, upright, free and whole.
And not to heed that sense would be a fault.
Lord of yourself, I crown and mitre you.’

Related Characters: Virgil (speaker), Dante
Page Number: 287
Explanation and Analysis: