Return to Sender

by Julia Alvarez
María Antonia Santos Cruz, or Mamá is the wife of Papá and the mother of Mari, Ofie, and Luby. Her parents are Abuelito and Abuelita. Having crossed the border illegally in search of work when Mari was just four years old, Mamá lives the precarious life of an undocumented immigrant. She is the loving, grounding center of her family, at least until her mother falls ill and she returns to Mexico to be with Abuelita as she dies. On the return trip to the United States, Mamá is kidnapped, held hostage, and forced into servitude by unscrupulous human traffickers. Despite this, she never stops looking for a way to escape. When she has the chance, she starts making secret phone calls, first to North Carolina and then later to the Paquette family farm. Although she is traumatized by her captivity, she is happy to be returned to her family and grateful to Aunt Roxie, Uncle Tony, Tyler, and Mrs. Paquette for all they’ve done for her and her family.

Mamá Quotes in Return to Sender

The Return to Sender quotes below are all either spoken by Mamá or refer to Mamá . For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
).

Chapter 1 Quotes

It is difficult to be the one different from my sisters. Some boys at my old school made fun of me, calling me an “illegal alien.” What is illegal about me? Only that I was born on the wrong side of a border? As for “alien,” I asked the teacher’s helper, and she explained that an alien is a creature from outer space who does not even belong on this earth! So, where am I supposed to go?

Even at home, I feel so alone sometimes. I cannot tell Papá about the boys making fun because he would pull us out of school, especially now that he is so protective after you left. I cannot speak to my little sisters, as I don’t want to worry them any more than they are. […] And how could any of them understand why I feel so lonely? I am not like my sisters, who are little American girls as they were born here and they don’t know anything else.

Related Characters: Mari (María Delores Cruz Santos) (speaker), Ofie (María Ofelia Cruz) , Luby (María Lubyneida Cruz), Mamá , Clayton Lacroix, Ronnie Pellegrini, Papá (Mr. Cruz)
Page Number and Citation: 20-21
Explanation and Analysis:

“Mari, it is not a good idea for you to send those letters,” he began. Then, very gently, he explained how we are not legal in this country. How Mexicans getting mail might alert la migra to raid a certain address.

“But, Papá, a lot of Americans have Spanish names! Look at Luby. Look at Ofie!”

Papá just kept shaking his head. I think that having to live secretly for years in this country has made him imagine danger where it doesn’t exist. “You can save them until you see your mother again,” he said. “How wonderful it will be for her to sit down and read them over and know all the things that happened while she was away.” […] I don’t think he allows himself to miss you as much as he really does, Mamá, or we would all be too sad to continue […]

Related Characters: Papá (Mr. Cruz) (speaker), Mari (María Delores Cruz Santos) (speaker), Ofie (María Ofelia Cruz) , Mamá , Luby (María Lubyneida Cruz)
Page Number and Citation: 35
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 2 Quotes

“I meant to say hi to the girls,” Mom explains.

Tyler puts his head in his hands so he doesn’t have to see anything but his bowl of cereal. Too late he remembers his mother has told him this is rude. Horses have blinkers, not humans. But sometimes, Tyler hates to tell her, sometimes he would just as soon see less, not more, of the world around him, a world full of accidents, bad luck, and Mom’s good ideas.

But maybe because he just got home yesterday, his mom doesn’t say anything about his blinkers. Instead she starts in on the sappy stuff that always makes Tyler cave in to her good ideas. “They don’t seem to have a mother and they’re just cooped up in that trailer. It’d be really nice if you maybe just popped in and made them feel welcome.”

Related Characters: Tyler Paquette (speaker), Mom (Mrs. Connie Paquette) (speaker), Mamá , Mari (María Delores Cruz Santos) , Uncle Tony , Papá (Mr. Cruz) , Tío Armando , Tío Felipe , Ofie (María Ofelia Cruz) , Aunt Roxie , Luby (María Lubyneida Cruz)
Page Number and Citation: 40
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 4 Quotes

[Tyler’s] parents return, long-faced from the confrontation at Grandma’s house. Grandma has told her children that if they try to move her out of her house, she’ll run away, which is kind of funny, Grandma running away from home to protest being forced to leave her home.

Except that it’s not funny, Tyler thinks, wishing he could travel to another galaxy. He’d pick a planet with lots of farms and no borders or bullies bossing you around. His grandmother has told him that’s what heaven is like. But Tyler doesn’t want to have to die to go there, although it might be nice to join his grandfather and get to eavesdrop on the rest of the family plotting and planning on the earth below—without getting in trouble with his mother.

Related Characters: Tyler Paquette , Mom (Mrs. Connie Paquette) , Dad (Mr. Abelard Paquette) , Grandma , Uncle Larry , Aunt Jeanne, Gramps, Papá (Mr. Cruz) , Tío Armando , Tío Felipe , Mamá
Page Number and Citation: 120
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 6 Quotes

Ofie and Luby have spoken with you on the phone, so you probably have noticed how they’re forgetting their Spanish. Sometimes I even have to translate between Papá and them, imagine! Papá gets upset, but we can’t really blame them. All they know is the United Sates, and they spend their days at school or at Grandma’s house, speaking English. Of course, if Mamá were here, it would be different. She always was so proud of México and told us many stories about her life there. Papá works so hard, and when he gets home, all he wants to do is throw himself down on the couch and watch the Spanish channels. It makes him feel happy to be hearing his own language and seeing people who look like us even if they’re only on TV.

Related Characters: Mari (María Delores Cruz Santos) (speaker), Ofie (María Ofelia Cruz) , Mamá , Abuelota , Abuelote , Abuelito , Tío Felipe , Papá (Mr. Cruz) , Luby (María Lubyneida Cruz)
Page Number and Citation: 201
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 7 Quotes

Cargo?! Tyler can’t believe a human being would think of another human being that way! But he knows what Mari means about the demonstrations. It’s all over the news. In cities around the country, there have been big marches by people in favor of changing the laws to help immigrants. Just in Los Angelos, thousands upon thousands of people took to the street. Then, a week before Tyler’s 4-H club is supposed to go on its trip, there’s a national strike. People who support immigrants are asked to stay home from work. In D.C. there’s a huge protest march. The camera sweeps over the crowd waving American and Mexican flags and chanting “¡Sí, se puede!” which Tyler proudly translates for his family. Yes, we can! Yes, we can!

Related Characters: Mari (María Delores Cruz Santos) , Mamá , Tyler Paquette , Mr. Bicknell
Page Number and Citation: 220-221
Explanation and Analysis:

We spent the rest of the time walking around the city. Even Sara didn’t complain or ask to go shopping. But we didn’t see any demonstrators like we had seen on television. The streets were calm and full of people enjoying the beautiful spring weather. Everywhere there were so many flowers, like Nature was celebrating its quinceañera.

At first, Mamá clung to my hand, afraid she’d be picked up. But soon, she, too, relaxed as if she realized this was not just the capital of one country, but the home of everyone who loves freedom.

One of the places we visited was this stone wall engraved with the names of thousands upon thousands of soldiers who fought and died in a war not long ago. The stone was black and shiny, so you could see your reflection as well as the blooming trees and the clouds in the sky.

Related Characters: Mari (María Delores Cruz Santos) (speaker), Uncle Tony , Aunt Roxie , Sara Paquette, Tyler Paquette , Papá (Mr. Cruz) , Ofie (María Ofelia Cruz) , Luby (María Lubyneida Cruz), Mamá
Page Number and Citation: 245
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 8 Quotes

I meant to do it on Sunday, but my sisters called me down for a special program about swallows on TV. They know swallows are my favorite animal because of the song “La Golondrina.”

I didn’t realize there was so much to know about them! How they fly for days and days, eating and even making babies as they fly, so desperate are they to get where they are going. How they bring good luck to farmers when they nest in their barns (Tyler says his grandfather would never let anyone disturb a swallow’s nest, even when the milk inspector said there was too much of their poop around.) Best of all is how, like my own family, swallows have two homes, one in North America and one in South America.

Related Characters: Mari (María Delores Cruz Santos) (speaker), Tío Armando , Mr. Rossetti , Gramps, Mamá , Ofie (María Ofelia Cruz) , Luby (María Lubyneida Cruz), Papá (Mr. Cruz)
Related Symbols: Swallows
Page Number and Citation: 267
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 9 Quotes

What’s funny, well, not so funny, is that a yar ago, I just wouldn’t have accepted the idea of not living here. It kind of drove me crazy, if you want to know the truth. My parents had to ship me off to my aunt and uncle’s just to get my mind off the worry.

But now, I don’t know. I still think this has to be one of the most beautiful places on earth—like you yourself said. But somehow, though the idea of not farming still makes me real sad, I can accept it a lot better. Maybe losing Gramps helped me practice losing? Or just knowing what you and your family have gone through makes me feel like it could be a lot worse. Also, I guess I’m seeing other sides that might be fun, like having more time for things I love besides farming.

Related Characters: Tyler Paquette (speaker), Papá (Mr. Cruz) , Ofie (María Ofelia Cruz) , Uncle Larry , Uncle Tony , Aunt Roxie , Dad (Mr. Abelard Paquette) , Mom (Mrs. Connie Paquette) , Mari (María Delores Cruz Santos) , Mamá , Tío Felipe , Tío Armando , Luby (María Lubyneida Cruz)
Related Symbols: Swallows
Page Number and Citation: 300
Explanation and Analysis:

We sat quietly savoring the name like it was a taste in our mouths. Stars and Swallows. Estrellas y Golondrinas.

“In a few weeks, they’ll be back,” Abuelote broke the silence. It took me a second to realize what he was talking about.

“We wait and wait,” Abuelota agreed. “And our hearts are not complete till we see those golondrinas coming back, filling the sky.”

“As numerous as stars,” Abuelito observed.

I knew then how much my grandparents had missed us, how a part of their very own hearts had been missing until now. How we were the ones they had been waiting for.

We all grew quiet again, looking up, feeling the specialness of this night before we would fly apart.

Tu amiga, para siempre and forever, too,
Mari

Related Characters: Abuelito (speaker), Mari (María Delores Cruz Santos) (speaker), Abuelote (speaker), Abuelota (speaker), Mr. Rossetti , Mamá , Ofie (María Ofelia Cruz) , Tyler Paquette , Papá (Mr. Cruz) , Luby (María Lubyneida Cruz), Grandma
Related Symbols: Stars, Swallows
Page Number and Citation: 318
Explanation and Analysis:
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Return to Sender PDF

Mamá Character Timeline in Return to Sender

The timeline below shows where the character Mamá appears in Return to Sender. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Chapter 1
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
Queridísima Mamá. On August 15, 2005, Mari (María Delores Cruz) begins a letter to Mamá, who left... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Queridísima Mamá. Four days later, on August 19, 2005, Mari writes another letter to let Mamá know... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
When they left Las Margaritas, the small Chiapas town where Mari was born, Mamá was brokenhearted to leave her family. But the trip all the way through Mexico to... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
Mari knows that this is the same trip Mamá must be making to come back to her family in the United States. She remembers... (full context)
Chapter 2
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...own grandmother died last December. Tyler asks about her mother, and Mari retorts that her Mamá is still alive. She’s just on a trip. After a while, Tyler asks Mari what... (full context)
Chapter 3
Coming of Age Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...were getting ready to go to Grandma’s house, Ofie tried to place a picture of Mamá on the family’s altar. Mari was horrified. Their mother isn’t dead, she insisted, and putting... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Coming of Age Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...do together, American democracy style. He started by pointing out it’s been a year since Mamá left. Not so! Mari interjected. It’s been 10 months, 2 weeks, and 2 days. Still,... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Home and Belonging Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...apartment had been picked up by immigration and deported. Afraid of what might happen if Mamá turns up at the apartment to find it empty, Mari took the phone from Papá... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
...the trailer that Mari remembered it was Halloween. She and her sisters have never participated. Mamá considered it disrespectful to beg for candy, and, like many others in the undocumented immigrant... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...knew about Halloween. As Papá chivalrously walked Mrs. Paquette back home, a horrified Mari imagined Mamá knocking on the door of the old apartment and being ignored by another family of... (full context)
Chapter 4
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...doesn’t stop. But after she hangs up, Mari wonders aloud if it might be her Mamá. After all, they left the Paquettes’ phone number in North Carolina for her. Tyler is... (full context)
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...Mary to keep Tío Felipe out of prison and to make sure that her family, Mamá included, will be reunited again soon, whether in America or in Mexico. (full context)
Chapter 5
Coming of Age Theme Icon
Home and Belonging Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...being lost comes up, Mari is instantly interested. And now, finally, she tells Tyler how Mamá went back to Mexico and never returned, and how Papá went looking for her but... (full context)
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...Mom get home to find Sara speaking in Spanish into the phone. She thinks it’s Mamá! Tyler races to the trailer to fetch Mari. (full context)
American Values Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...him feel close to her, just as it does when she writes to Abuelita or Mamá. From Mrs. Paquette, she knows that Tío Felipe is the only Spanish speaker currently in... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...back to describe the past week. On Christmas Eve, the mystery person who might be Mamá calls the Paquette’s house. But by the time Mari gets there, the caller has hung... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
American Values Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...even started teasing her about her White boyfriend. The Cruz family still hasn’t heard from Mamá, but Papá has spoken to a friend in North Carolina who says that he has... (full context)
Chapter 6
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Coming of Age Theme Icon
Home and Belonging Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...rather than “Abuelo” and “Abuela.” Mari explains that they use the diminutive forms (Abuelito/Abuelita) for Mamá’s parents, and the others for Papá’s parents—because they’re fat! Luby interjects. Not fat, Mari backtracks,... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
...Mari says how much she still misses Abuelita, and how worried she still is about Mamá. The Paquette family have received more mysterious phone calls, but they still don’t know if... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Home and Belonging Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...their Spanish that one day they won’t be able to talk to their grandparents. When Mamá was with them, she did a lot to keep their Mexican heritage alive, but it’s... (full context)
Chapter 7
Coming of Age Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...going on, but he learns from Grandma that the coyotes who were supposed to help Mamá cross the border have been holding her hostage and are asking for a $3,000 ransom.... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
...surprise, either. The coyotes call back with one final deal. Now they’re offering to bring Mamá up to North Carolina, but they’ve upped the price again by $500. Tyler doesn’t even... (full context)
Coming of Age Theme Icon
Home and Belonging Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...permission, Tyler, Sara, and Mari set out with Aunt Roxie and Uncle Tony to bring Mamá home. (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Coming of Age Theme Icon
...envelope of cash to the rude, stressed-looking Mexican man inside. She catches a glimpse of Mamá in the backseat before the coyote rolls up the window to count the money. When... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Coming of Age Theme Icon
American Values Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...Uncle Tony that they’re not meeting friends but the human smugglers who have been holding Mamá hostage. Under the circumstances, no one wastes any time hanging around after the coyotes leave.... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Coming of Age Theme Icon
As they drive back toward their hotel, Mamá tells Mari what happened to her over the past 16 months. The original coyotes whom... (full context)
American Values Theme Icon
That afternoon, Aunt Roxie takes Sara (who has been desperate to go shopping), Mari, and Mamá to the mall, where they buy Mamá necessities like underwear and a toothbrush. Then she... (full context)
Democracy Theme Icon
American Values Theme Icon
...day and a half in Washington, D.C. on the way home. Tyler, Mari, Sara, and Mamá visit the National Air and Space Museum where they sit in a planetarium and learn... (full context)
Chapter 8
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Home and Belonging Theme Icon
...parlor. When he sees Mr. Cruz, Tyler can’t help but notice how stressed he looks. Mamá’s return wasn’t the simple happy ending Tyler had expected. Whatever happened during her captivity is... (full context)
Coming of Age Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
Tyler starts to worry that maybe adulthood is like Mamá’s return, an endlessly uncomfortable mix of happy and sad. And with Gramps gone, the only... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
...4, 2006). More than two weeks after receiving the diary as a birthday present from Mamá, Mari begins to write in it. It’s taken her so long, she says, in part... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...helpless, as the agents pull Papá—who is wildly swinging his fists—out the door and catch Mamá as she dives out a window. Only Tío Armando comes peacefully. Mr. Paquette and Mrs.... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Democracy Theme Icon
...by with an update. Papá is at a detention center in New York state, and Mamá is somewhere else. When Mrs. Paquette and Ms. Ramírez leave for an appointment with Mr.... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Democracy Theme Icon
American Values Theme Icon
...thinks it would help if she went and told ICE about what really happened to Mamá. Tyler doesn’t think they’ll care. After all, their hearts are as cold as ice, just... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Democracy Theme Icon
American Values Theme Icon
...her. And then, looking at Tyler for emotional support, Mari tells him what happened to Mamá as simply and clearly as she can. She also confesses that she herself is not... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Democracy Theme Icon
American Values Theme Icon
...June 30, 2006). Mari’s plan bears fruit. The Department of Homeland Security agrees to release Mamá into Aunt Roxie and Uncle Tony’s custody while the family waits for the outcome of... (full context)
Home and Belonging Theme Icon
Love, Friendship, and Human Connection  Theme Icon
...car in preparation for driving Mari, Ofie, and Luby to Boston where they’ll stay with Mamá until it’s time to go back to Las Margaritas. Mari is relieved, but she’s also... (full context)
Chapter 9
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
...was before and that he doesn’t even bother her for writing to a boy. And Mamá is slowly healing, too. (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Home and Belonging Theme Icon
...they don’t like helping with chores. Ofie protests a lot. But when Ofie insists that Mamá and Papá can’t make her do something because she’s American and she has rights, Papá... (full context)
Immigration in America  Theme Icon
Democracy Theme Icon
American Values Theme Icon
...Mari to the question of the name. Papá likes the sound of “Amigos Farm,” while Mamá suggests “Buenos Amigos” or “Good Friends Farm.” Ofie and Luby like “Three Marías Farm.” But... (full context)