Small Things Like These

by Claire Keegan

Humanity vs. Selfishness Theme Analysis

Themes and Colors
Subjugation of Women and Girls  Theme Icon
Religious Hypocrisy and Abuse of Power  Theme Icon
Complicity  Theme Icon
Humanity vs. Selfishness  Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in Small Things Like These, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Humanity vs. Selfishness  Theme Icon

At the core of Small Things like These lies the question of what obligation a person has to help their fellow humans, and how a person’s relationship to others gives their life meaning. In particular, the novel considers whether one should prioritize helping oneself and one’s people, or whether the moral obligation to help others—regardless of how doing so might benefit oneself—is more important than self-preservation. Most people in New Ross seem to believe the former. Bill Furlong is an anomaly in this regard. Throughout the book, he repeatedly observes people who only seem interested in taking care of their own people and turn a blind eye when others are in trouble, and he thinks there’s something deeply wrong and inhuman about such selfishness. Furlong’s belief in a shared humanity is ultimately why he chooses to take in Sarah Redmond, a young woman committed to the Magdalene laundry, despite the ostracization his family might face as a result.

Furlong’s past may inform his compassionate outlook. The illegitimate son of an unwed, teenaged mother, Furlong comes from nothing and understands what it’s like to have no people of his own to look after him—his mother’s family disowned her after she fell pregnant. It was only due to the generosity of Mrs. Wilson, his mother’s employer, who chose to take on Furlong and his mother, that Furlong had a chance at making a better life for himself. But Mrs. Wilson’s situation was notably quite different from that of Furlong’s family and many other families in Ireland in the 1980s, when many lived in poverty. Mrs. Wilson, a widow, had financial stability due to her late husband’s pension. This, in turn, allowed her to be selfless without having to worry about the potential consequences to her own welfare. Furlong, as he struggles to with the moral question of whether to help Sarah Redmond and risk ostracizing his family, faces considerably higher stakes. He can do the unquestionably morally right thing and help Sarah—but doing so may create great, unrecoverable hardship for his own family. The novel thus presents a complicated portrait of humanity and selflessness. While it suggests that a person’s life is made meaningful by their relationships and by the compassion and generosity they show others, its ambiguous ending—with Bill doing the right thing, but possibly on the cusp of ruin nevertheless—shows that a meaningful, moral life is not necessarily the same as a good life devoid of suffering.

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Humanity vs. Selfishness ThemeTracker

The ThemeTracker below shows where, and to what degree, the theme of Humanity vs. Selfishness appears in each chapter of Small Things Like These. Click or tap on any chapter to read its Summary & Analysis.
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Humanity vs. Selfishness Quotes in Small Things Like These

Below you will find the important quotes in Small Things Like These related to the theme of Humanity vs. Selfishness .

Chapter 2 Quotes

As he grew, Mrs Wilson, who had no children of her own, took him under her wing, gave him little jobs and helped him along with his reading. She had a small library and didn’t seem to care much for what judgments others passed but carried temperately along with her own life, living off the pension she received on account of her husband having been killed in the War, and what income that came from her small herd of well-minded Herefords, and Cheviot ewes.

Related Characters: Mrs. Wilson, Furlong’s Mother, Bill Furlong
Page Number: 6
Explanation and Analysis:

‘You know some of these bring the hardship on themselves?’

‘Tis not the child’s doing, surely.’

‘Sinnott was stotious at the phone box on Tuesday.’

‘The poor man,” Furlong said, ‘whatever ails him.’

Related Characters: Bill Furlong (speaker), Eileen (speaker), Mick Sinnott
Page Number: 11
Explanation and Analysis:

Some nights, Furlong lay there with Eileen, going over small things like these. Other times, after a day of heavy lifting or being delayed by a puncture and getting soaked out on the road, he’d come home and eat his fill and fall into bed early, then wake in the night sensing Eileen, heavy in sleep, at his side—and there he’d lie with his mind going round in circles, agitating, before finally he’d have to go down and put the kettle on, for tea.

Related Characters: Bill Furlong, Mick Sinnott, Eileen
Page Number: 11-12
Explanation and Analysis:

The times were raw but Furlong felt all the more determined to carry on, to keep his head down and stay on the right side of people, and to keep providing for his girls and see them getting on and completing their education at St Margaret’s, the only good school for girls in the town.

Related Characters: Bill Furlong, Eileen, Furlong’s Mother
Page Number: 15
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 3 Quotes

Always it was the same, Furlong thought; always they carried mechanically on without pause, to the next job at hand. What would life be like, he wondered, if they were given time to think and reflect over things? Might their lives be different or much the same—or would they just lose the run of themselves?

Related Characters: Bill Furlong, Eileen
Page Number: 21
Explanation and Analysis:

‘You’re a credit to yourself,’ she’d told him. And for a whole day or more, Furlong had gone around feeling a foot taller, believing, in his heart, that he mattered as much as any other child.

Related Characters: Mrs. Wilson (speaker), Furlong’s Mother, Bill Furlong
Page Number: 29
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 4 Quotes

‘Just take me as far as the river. That’s all you need do.’

She was dead in earnest and the accent was Dublin.

‘To the river?’

‘Or you could just let me out at the gate.’

‘It’s not up to me, girl. I can’t take you anywhere,’ Furlong said, showing her his open, empty hands.

‘Take me home with you, then. I’ll work til I drop for ya, sir.’

‘Haven’t I five girls and a wife at home.’

‘Well, I’ve nobody—and all I want to do is drown meself. Can you not even do that fukken much for us?’

Related Characters: Bill Furlong (speaker), The Dublin Girl (speaker)
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number: 43-44
Explanation and Analysis:

Furlong pulled up and bade the man good evening.

‘Would you mind telling me where this road will take me?’

‘This road?’ The man put down the hook, leant on the handle, and stared in at him. ‘This road will take you wherever you want to go, son.’

Related Characters: Bill Furlong (speaker)
Page Number: 46
Explanation and Analysis:

‘What is it you know?’ Furlong asked.

‘There’s nothing, only what I’m telling you,’ she answered. ‘And in any case, what do such things have to do with us? Aren’t our girls well, and minded?’

‘Our girls?’ Furlong said. ‘What has any of this to do with ours?’

‘Not one thing,’ she said. ‘What have we to answer for?’

Related Characters: Bill Furlong (speaker), Eileen (speaker)
Page Number: 47
Explanation and Analysis:

‘Where does thinking get us?’ she said. ‘All thinking does is bring you down.’ She was touching the little pearly buttons on her nightdress, agitated. ‘If you want to get on in life, there’s things you have to ignore, so you can keep on.’

Related Characters: Eileen (speaker), Bill Furlong
Page Number: 48
Explanation and Analysis:

‘Weren’t Mrs Wilson’s cares far from any of ours?’ Eileen said. ‘Sitting out in that big house with her pension and a farm of land and your mother and Ned working under her. Was she not one of the few women on this earth who could do as she pleased?’

Related Characters: Eileen (speaker), Bill Furlong, Furlong’s Mother, Mrs. Wilson, Ned
Page Number: 49
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 5 Quotes

When he managed to get her out, and saw what was before him—a girl just about fit to stand, with her hair roughly cut—the ordinary part of him wished he’d never come near the place.

Related Characters: Bill Furlong, Sarah Redmond, Eileen
Page Number: 62
Explanation and Analysis:

‘And we see another of yours in the choir now. She doesn’t look out of place.’

‘They carry themselves well.’

‘Won’t they all soon find themselves next door, in time to come, God willing.’

‘God willing, Mother.’

‘It’s just that there’s so many nowadays. It’s no easy task to find a place for everyone.’

Related Characters: The Mother Superior (speaker), Bill Furlong (speaker), Sarah Redmond
Page Number: 69
Explanation and Analysis:

Deciding to say no more, Furlong went on out and pulled the door closed, then stood on the front step until he heard someone inside, turning the key.

Related Characters: The Mother Superior, Sarah Redmond, Bill Furlong
Related Symbols: Doors and Doorways
Page Number: 76
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 6 Quotes

‘Have ye change for the collection box?’ Eileen asked the girls, smiling, as they were entering the chapel grounds. ‘Or has your daddy given it all away?’

Related Characters: Eileen (speaker), Mick Sinnott, Bill Furlong
Page Number: 79
Explanation and Analysis:

What most tormented him was not so much how she’d been left in the coal shed or the stance of the Mother Superior; the worst was how the girl had been handled while he was present and how he’d allowed that and had not asked about her baby—the one thing she had asked him to do—and how he had taken the money and left her there at the table with nothing before her and the breast milk leaking under the little cardigan and staining her blouse, and how he’d gone on, like a hypocrite, to Mass.

Related Characters: The Mother Superior, Sarah Redmond, Bill Furlong
Page Number: 92
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 7 Quotes

People could be good, Furlong reminded himself, as he drove back to town; it was a matter of learning how to manage and balance the give-and-take in a way that let you get on with others as well as your own. But as soon as the thought came to him, he knew the thought itself was privileged and wondered why he hadn’t given the sweets and other things he’d been gifted at some of the houses to the less well-off he had met in others. Always, Christmas brought out the best and worst in people.

Related Characters: Bill Furlong, Sarah Redmond
Page Number: 95-96
Explanation and Analysis:

‘Take no offence, Bill,’ she said, touching his sleeve. ‘Tis no business of mine, as I’ve said, but surely you must know these nuns have a finger in every pie.’

He stood back and faced her. ‘Surely they’ve only as much power as we give them, Mrs Kehoe?’

‘I wouldn’t be so sure.’ She paused then and looked at him the way hugely practical women sometimes looked at men, as though they weren’t men at all but foolish boys. More than once, maybe more than several times, Eileen had done the same.

‘Don’t mind me,’ she said, ‘but you’ve worked hard, the same as myself, to get to where you are now. You’ve reared a fine family of girls—and you know there’s nothing only a wall separating that place from St Margaret’s.’

Related Characters: Bill Furlong (speaker), Mrs. Kehoe (speaker), The Mother Superior
Page Number: 98-99
Explanation and Analysis:

As they carried on along and met more people Furlong did and did not know, he found himself asking was there any point in being alive without helping one another? Was it possible to carry on along through all the years, the decades, through an entire life, without once being brave enough to go against what was there and call yourself a Christian, and face yourself in the mirror?

Related Characters: Bill Furlong, Sarah Redmond
Page Number: 113
Explanation and Analysis:

The worst was yet to come, he knew. Already he could feel a world of trouble waiting for him behind the next door, but the worst that could have happened was also already behind him; the thing not done, which could have been—which he could have to live with for the rest of his life. Whatever suffering he was now to meet was a long way from what the girl at his side had already endured, and might yet surpass. Climbing the street towards his own front door with the barefooted girl and the box of shoes, his fear more than outweighed every other feeling but in his foolish heart he not only hoped but legitimately believed that they would manage.

Related Characters: Sarah Redmond, Bill Furlong, Eileen
Related Symbols: Feet and Shoes , Doors and Doorways
Page Number: 114
Explanation and Analysis: