The Alchemist
The Alchemist
by Ben Jonson

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The Philosopher’s Stone Symbol Analysis

The Philosopher’s Stone Symbol Icon
The Philosopher’s Stone Symbol Icon

Throughout The Alchemist, Ben Jonson makes repeated references to the philosopher’s stone—an alchemical substance that is said to transform base metals like copper and tin into gold and silver and also produce the elixir of life, an additional substance which promises to give eternal life and youth to anyone who consumes it. In the play, the stone represents alchemy as an entire field, but it also symbolizes deception and greed. Subtle is a con who claims to be an alchemist in possession of the philosopher’s stone, and his victims, Abel Drugger, Sir Epicure Mammon, and the Anabaptists, Ananias and Tribulation Wholesome, each want to get their hands on the stone. Subtle, of course, doesn’t have the stone, and Jonson likewise implies that no alchemist, real or imagined, has access to the stone. Jonson appears to put little stock in alchemy, especially the philosopher’s stone, which was considered a legitimate branch of study in Jonson’s time.

Each of Subtle’s victims want the philosopher’s stone to satisfy selfish and greedy ends. Abel Drugger wants the stone to bring him wealth and guarantee his new apothecary shop is successful, and Sir Epicure Mammon wants the stone to turn all the metal in his house, and all the metal in England, into gold. He also wants the stone to secure him the elixir of life, which he is hoping will give him unlimited sexual prowess and stamina. The Anabaptists, Ananias and Tribulation Wholesome, want the stone to selfishly advance their radical religious beliefs, which will be much easier with endless money and the influence that comes along with it. According to legend, the philosopher’s stone can only be created or possessed by those with pure and pious intentions that promise to serve the greater good; however, all of Jonson’s characters are lustful and greedy, and they plan to use the stone to deceptive ends that fulfil their own needs rather than those of broader society.

The Philosopher’s Stone Quotes in The Alchemist

The The Alchemist quotes below all refer to the symbol of The Philosopher’s Stone. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Alchemy and Transformation  Theme Icon
).

The Dedication Quotes

If thou beest more, thou art an understander, and then I trust thee. If thou art one that tak’st up, and but a pretender, beware at what hands thou receiv’st thy commodity; for thou wert never more fair in the way to be cozened than in this age in poetry, especially in plays: wherein now the concupiscence of dances and antics so reigneth, as to run away from Nature and be afraid of her is the only point of art that tickles the spectators.

Related Characters: Face / Jeremy the Butler, Subtle
Related Symbols: The Philosopher’s Stone
Page Number and Citation: 213
Explanation and Analysis:
Here, Jonson addresses the reader directly, which implies that Jonson intended for his play to be read as well as viewed. More importantly, this passage also reflects Jonson’s primary argument as to the deceptive nature of broader society. Jonson says that for those who try to understand “art,” they stand the chance to be “cozened,” or tricked, into believing art is good when it isn’t, “especially in plays.” He claims that plays full of “dances and antics” can confuse one as to what is good art, and he doesn’t want to trick his spectators. Jonson seems to be simply critiquing Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam co

Act 1, Scene 1 Quotes

And you, too,
Will give the cause, forsooth? You will insult
And claim a primacy in the divisions?
You must be chief? As if you only had
The powder to project with? And the work
Were not begun out of equality?
The venture tripartite? All things in common?
Without priority? ’Sdeath, you perpetual curs,
Fall to your couples again, and cozen kindly
And heartily and lovingly, as you should,
And lose not the beginning of a term,
Or, by this hand, I shall grow factious too,
And take my part, and quit you.

Related Characters: Doll Common (speaker), Face / Jeremy the Butler, Subtle
Related Symbols: The Philosopher’s Stone
Page Number and Citation: 221
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote, spoken by Doll in the first act, both underscores Face’s greed and reflects Doll’s identity as a prostitute, further highlighting sex within the play. Face and Subtle have been fighting, and Doll reveals why in this quote. Face has claimed “primacy in the divisions” and demanded a larger share of the profits. He says that he is “chief” and leader of their crew and deserves more money than the rest of them. Doll corrects him; Face doesn’t have the “powder to project with”—which means he doesn’t have Subtle’s knowledge of alchemy and the philosopher’s stone. Doll implies they Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non i

Act 1, Scene 4 Quotes

Methinks I see him entering ordinaries,
Dispensing for the pox; and plaguy houses,
Reaching his dose; walking Moorfields for lepers;
And offering citizens’ wives pomander-bracelets
As his preservative, made of the elixir;
Searching the spittle, to make old bawds young;
And the highways for beggars to make rich.
I see no end of his labours. He will make
Nature ashamed of her long sleep, when art,
Who’s but a stepdame, shall do more than she,
In her best love to mankind, ever could.
If his dream last, he’ll turn the age to gold.

Related Characters: Subtle (speaker), Doll Common, Sir Epicure Mammon
Related Symbols: The Philosopher’s Stone
Page Number and Citation: 234
Explanation and Analysis:
Here, Subtle explains to Doll why Mammon wants the philosopher’s stone. This passage reflects the transformative powers of alchemy and the philosopher’s stone, and it also emphasizes Mammon’s greed. Subtle has been conning Mammon for some time and has been taking Mammon’s money to supposedly finance the creation of the philosopher’s stone. Mammon has already been bragging about town that he has the stone, and his claims reflect the stone’s power. According to legend, the philosopher’s stone is an alchemical substance that can turn base metals to gold. The stone also produces the elixir of life, which promises to cure Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque

Act 2, Scene 2 Quotes

For I do mean
To have a list of wives and concubines
Equal with Solomon, who had the stone
Alike with me; and I will make me a back
With the elixir that shall be as tough
As Hercules, to encounter fifty a night.

Related Characters: Sir Epicure Mammon (speaker), Face / Jeremy the Butler
Related Symbols: The Philosopher’s Stone
Page Number and Citation: 239
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote occurs in the second act, when Mammon explains to Face what he really plans to do with the philosopher’s stone, and it is important because it underscores Mammon’s lustfulness and the ill intentions he has for the philosopher’s stone. With the stone, Mammon plans to use to the elixir of life to give himself unparalleled sexual strength and stamina. Solomon was said to have had 700 wives and 300 concubines, and Mammon wants just as many. Some alchemists believe Solomon’s wisdom and strength was due to his own possession of the philosopher’s stone, and Mammon refers to this Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necess

I will have all my beds blown up, not stuffed;
Down is too hard. And then mine oval room
Filled with such pictures as Tiberius took
From Elephantis, and dull Aretine
But coldly imitated. Then, my glasses
Cut in more subtle angles, to disperse
And multiply the figures as I walk
Naked between my succubae.

Related Characters: Sir Epicure Mammon (speaker), Face / Jeremy the Butler
Related Symbols: The Philosopher’s Stone
Page Number and Citation: 239
Explanation and Analysis:
Here, Mammon continues to explain to Face why he wants the philosopher’s stone, which will garner him riches and wealth. He plans to live in absolute luxury, with good beds that aren’t “stuffed” with “down,” which he claims is “too hard.” In other words, Mammon will have nothing but the best, which underscores his greediness and ill intentions for the stone. Mammon also promises to fill his room with art when the stone makes him rich, only he will display art like Tiberius did, which is a reference to a Roman emperor who was said to have displayed exotic picture Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. A

Act 2, Scene 3 Quotes

Pray you, sir, stay.
Rather than I’ll be brayed, sir, I’ll believe,
That alchemy is a pretty kind of game,
Somewhat like tricks o’the cards, to cheat a man
With charming.

Related Characters: Surly / The Spaniard (speaker), Subtle, Sir Epicure Mammon
Related Symbols: The Philosopher’s Stone
Page Number and Citation: 247
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote also occurs in the second act, when Surly tells Subtle he won’t be duped by his con. While this implies that Surly isn’t as gullible as Mammon, it also suggests that alchemy is really just nonsense. Subtle has convinced Mammon that he is an alchemist and is close to creating the philosopher’s stone, but Surly isn’t convinced. Not only does Surly insist Subtle isn’t an alchemist, he suggests that alchemy in general is a hoax. Surly says that “alchemy is a pretty kind of game,” which implies it is a scam, similar to “tricks o’the cards.” In this Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debit

Act 3, Scene 1 Quotes

Good brother, we must bend unto all means
That may give furtherance to the holy cause.

Related Characters: Tribulation Wholesome (speaker), Ananias, Subtle
Related Symbols: The Philosopher’s Stone
Page Number and Citation: 261
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote, spoken by Tribulation Wholesome, appears in the third act, and it is important because it depicts Tribulation, and all Anabaptists by extension, as hypocritical. Ananias and Tribulation both agree that they do not like Subtle, and they don’t trust him either. Tribulation even says that Subtle is unchristian, but Tribulation is willing to work with Subtle anyway if it means Tribulation can secure the philosopher’s stone and get rich. As the pastor and elder of the Anabaptists, Tribulation should be pious and holy, but he tells Ananias that they “must bend unto all means” to get the stone, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Co

Act 4, Scene 1 Quotes

Sweet Madame, let me be particular—

Particular, sir? I pray you, know your distance.

Related Characters: Sir Epicure Mammon (speaker), Doll Common (speaker), Subtle, Face / Jeremy the Butler
Related Symbols: The Philosopher’s Stone
Page Number and Citation: 281
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage, which represents an exchange between Mammon and Doll, further highlights the lustfulness and sex that pervades most of the play. Mammon has asked to meet Doll because he wants to have sex with her. Doll is a prostitute, but Mammon doesn’t know this; he simply wants to have sex with Doll because he is lustful. Mammon seems to believe that Doll has simply agreed to have sex with him, which suggests that casual sex is quite common in society, despite popular opinion during Jonson’s time that sex should be confined to marriage only.  Jonson repeatedly refers to sex Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta i
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The Philosopher’s Stone Symbol Timeline in The Alchemist

The timeline below shows where the symbol The Philosopher’s Stone appears in The Alchemist. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
The Argument
Alchemy and Transformation  Theme Icon
Sex and Greed Theme Icon
Deception and Gullibility Theme Icon
...profits. They attract much business and “much abuse,” and they sell “fortunes,” “bawdry,” and “the stone.” (full context)
Act 1, Scene 3
Alchemy and Transformation  Theme Icon
Sex and Greed Theme Icon
Deception and Gullibility Theme Icon
...saying he thinks Drugger has a good chance of coming into possession of the philosopher’s stone. Drugger is obviously excited and gives Subtle a handful of coins. As Drugger leaves, he... (full context)
Act 1, Scene 4
Alchemy and Transformation  Theme Icon
Sex and Greed Theme Icon
Deception and Gullibility Theme Icon
...change. Doll asks why, and Subtle explains that Mammon thinks Subtle has created the philosopher’s stone for him. Mammon has been talking around town for the last month as if he... (full context)
Act 2, Scene 1
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Deception and Gullibility Theme Icon
Sir Epicure Mammon enters with his friend, Surly. Mammon is excited; creating the philosopher’s stone is supposed to take years, but Subtle has done it in just 10 months. Today... (full context)
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Surly doesn’t believe Mammon. The philosopher’s stone must be a hoax, he says. When Surly sees “th’ effects of the great medicine”... (full context)
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...plague. Surly still doesn’t believe him and says he cannot be “transmuted” by the philosopher’s stone. If Surly won’t believe him, Mammon says, he will believe historical record. Mammon knows of... (full context)
Act 2, Scene 2
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...as an alchemist’s assistant. Mammon instantly asks if Subtle has been successful in creating the stone, and Face promises it will be ready soon. The “red ferment” has set about Subtle’s... (full context)
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Face goes to check on Subtle and the stone, leaving Mammon alone with Surly. Mammon continues listing all the stone will bring him, and... (full context)
Act 2, Scene 3
Alchemy and Transformation  Theme Icon
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...him to “convert.” Subtle reminds Mammon that he must have honest intentions with the philosopher’s stone. The process won’t be successful if Mammon has ill intent, and it will be a... (full context)
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...Mammon says, is whom Subtle must convince. Surly agrees; he does not believe in the stone and cannot be “gulled.” Convincing Surly will be easy, Subtle says, because his work is... (full context)
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...and asks when they plan to “make projection.” Subtle tells Mammon to be patient. The stone is in a vapor bath, and Face must add the solution, let it congeal, and... (full context)
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...“propria materia” (a specific substance). If the liquid is dried, Subtle says, it becomes a stone; however, if it retains liquid, it becomes Sulphur or quicksilver—the “parents” of all metals. This... (full context)
Alchemy and Transformation  Theme Icon
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...him and say that he is a gentleman. Face asks if he should mention the stone. Should he tell her that Mammon will make her rich like a queen, Face asks?... (full context)
Act 2, Scene 4
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...claims the “holy brethren / Of Amsterdam, the exiled saints” are searching for the philosopher’s stone, too, and “hope / To raise their disciple by it.” (full context)
Act 3, Scene 1
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...says they must make an allowance for Subtle if they are to get the philosopher’s stone. The “silenced saints” will not be restored without the stone, Tribulation says. Ananias agrees and... (full context)
Act 3, Scene 2
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...much money as he needs. Subtle says they have made the right decision. The philosopher’s stone is sure to further their cause. The elixir alone will be profitable, Subtle says. They... (full context)
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...turns metal to gold can’t help but have many friends, Subtle says again. The philosopher’s stone is a miracle he claims, “whose tradition / Is not from men, but spirits.” Ananias... (full context)
Act 4, Scene 1
Alchemy and Transformation  Theme Icon
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...is behaving in a lustful way, he will never agree to give him the philosopher’s stone. Mammon may talk to Doll about mathematics or poetry—they can even talk “bawdry”—but “no word... (full context)
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Mammon tells Doll that he is “the lord of the philosopher’s stone,” and she is “the lady.” Doll feigns shock and asks if Mammon really has the... (full context)
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Mammon tells Doll they will take the stone and run away to a “free state,” where they will live together and “enjoy a... (full context)
Act 4, Scene 5
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...their work by a month at least. Suddenly, Face enters in a panic. The philosopher’s stone, he says, has exploded in flames. (full context)
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...is angry that she has been driven into a fit. Mammon asks Face if the stone is really lost, and Face confirms there is little left. Mammon curses his punishment, but,... (full context)