The City We Became

by N. K. Jemisin

Matthew Houlihan Character Analysis

Aislyn’s father and Kendra’s husband, Matthew is a controlling, abusive man who, constantly warns Aislyn against leaving her own borough, monitors how many miles she drives, and may have installed a GPS tracker in her car. He still mourns Kendra’s first pregnancy, which he believes would have been a son called Conall. Though Matthew believes Kendra miscarried, she in fact had an abortion because she wanted to go to Julliard and knew Matthew would never accept her working while a mother. A police officer, Matthew is both bigoted and corrupt. Early in the novel, he racially profiles a man and fabricates an assault charge against him. Later, the novel reveals that he fixed parking tickets for the head librarian at a Staten Island library to get Aislyn hired for a job for which she lacked the required qualifications. After he invites his friend, neo-Nazi Conall McGuiness, to stay at the family home, Conall tries to sexually assault Aislyn. Aislyn doesn’t tell Matthew about the attempted assault because she’s heard him mocking rape victims in the past. Matthew’s controlling, abusive behavior toward Aislyn—which he justifies as “protection”—and the racism he has instilled in her condition her to accept the Woman in White’s manipulations and to reject the boroughs’ avatars, all non-white, who ought to be Aislyn’s allies. The novel’s most prominent police officer character, Matthew is a prime example of how police officers in the novel symbolize abusers who claim to be protecting or defending their victims.

Matthew Houlihan Quotes in The City We Became

The The City We Became quotes below are all either spoken by Matthew Houlihan or refer to Matthew Houlihan. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Cities and Gentrification Theme Icon
).

Chapter 3 Quotes

“Just getting sick of these immigrants,” he says. He’s always careful to use acceptable words when he’s on the job, rather than the words he says at home. That’s how cops mess up, he has explained to her. They don’t know how to keep home words at home and work words at work.

Related Characters: Matthew Houlihan (speaker), Aislyn Houlihan (Staten Island)
Related Symbols: Police
Page Number and Citation: 92
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 7 Quotes

“Not sure I love New York enough to die for it. Definitely don’t love it enough to sacrifice my family for it.”

[…]

“Anything I can do to help your family, I will.”

Her expression softens. Maybe she likes him a little more. “And I hope you get to become the person you actually want to be,” she says, which makes him blink. “This city will eat you alive, you know, if you let it. Don’t.”

Related Characters: Brooklyn Thomason (Brooklyn) (speaker), Manny (Manhattan) (speaker), Aislyn Houlihan (Staten Island), New York City’s Avatar, Matthew Houlihan
Page Number and Citation: 201
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 10 Quotes

Aislyn loves her father; of course she does, but Conall is right on one level: her whole life, Aislyn has had to scrape and struggle to maintain her own emotional real estate. If she doesn’t leave this house soon, her father will snatch it all up and double the rent on anything he doesn’t want her to feel.

Conall is very, very wrong, however, about something important. He thinks that the meek, shy girl that her father has described, and whom he is currently terrorizing, is all there is to Aislyn. It isn’t.

The rest of her? Is as big as a city.

Related Characters: The Woman in White (The Enemy) (R’lyeh), Aislyn Houlihan (Staten Island), Matthew Houlihan, Conall McGuiness
Page Number and Citation: 279
Explanation and Analysis:

Everything that happens everywhere else happens on Staten Island, too, but here people try not to see the indecencies, the domestic violence, the drug use. And then, having denied what’s right in front of their eyes, they tell themselves that at least they’re living in a good place full of good people. At least it’s not the city.

[…]

Evil comes from elsewhere, Matthew Houlihan believes. Evil is other people. She will leave him this illusion, mostly because she envies his ability to keep finding comfort in simple, black-and-white views of the world. Aislyn’s ability to do the same is rapidly eroding.

Related Characters: Matthew Houlihan, Aislyn Houlihan (Staten Island), Paolo (São Paolo), The Woman in White (The Enemy) (R’lyeh), Conall McGuiness
Related Symbols: Tendrils, Better New York Foundation
Page Number and Citation: 281
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 12 Quotes

There is an instant in which Aislyn’s mind tries to signal an alarm, doom, existential threat, all the usual fight-or-flight signals that are the job of the lizard brain. And if the gush of substance had been different somehow—something hideous, maybe—she would have started screaming.

Three things stop her. The first and most atavistic is that everything in her life has programmed her to associate evil with specific, easily definable things. Dark skin. Ugly people with scars or eyepatches or wheelchairs. Men. The Woman in White is the visual opposite of everything Aislyn has been taught to fear, and so . . . Even though intellectually Aislyn now has proof that what she’s seeing is just a guise, and the Woman in White’s true form could be anyone or anything . . .

. . . Aislyn also thinks, Well, she looks all right.

Related Characters: Aislyn Houlihan (Staten Island), Matthew Houlihan, The Woman in White (The Enemy) (R’lyeh), Conall McGuiness
Related Symbols: Tendrils
Page Number and Citation: 333
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 14 Quotes

“I know an apology don’t make up for it […] I know it don’t, okay? I damn sure got called a dyke enough myself just for stepping into a ring that dude rappers thought was theirs by default. Motherfuckers tried to rape me, all because I didn’t fit into what they thought a woman should be—and I passed that shit on. I know I did. But I got better. I had some friends slap some sense into me, and I listened when they did. And I figured out that the dudes were fucked in the head, so maybe it wasn’t the best idea to imitate them.”

Related Characters: Brooklyn Thomason (Brooklyn) (speaker), The Woman in White (The Enemy) (R’lyeh), Matthew Houlihan, Bronca Siwanoy (The Bronx), Aislyn Houlihan (Staten Island)
Related Symbols: Police
Page Number and Citation: 377-378
Explanation and Analysis:

Chapter 15 Quotes

[Aislyn] can see [Hong’s] filthy, foreign foot planted square on the dill.

The anger comes on faster than Aislyn’s ever gotten angry in her life. It is as if Conall has broken a dam within her, and now every bit of fury she has ever suppressed over thirty years just needs the barest hair trigger to explode forth.

Related Characters: Conall McGuiness, Aislyn Houlihan (Staten Island), The Woman in White (The Enemy) (R’lyeh), Brooklyn Thomason (Brooklyn), Bronca Siwanoy (The Bronx), Padmini Prakash (Queens), Hong (Hong Kong), Matthew Houlihan
Page Number and Citation: 403
Explanation and Analysis:
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Matthew Houlihan Character Timeline in The City We Became

The timeline below shows where the character Matthew Houlihan appears in The City We Became. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Chapter 3: Our Lady of (Staten) Aislyn
Beliefs, Concepts, and Stereotypes Theme Icon
...flees the ferry. As Aislyn runs, a police officer yells at her. Though her father (Matthew Houlihan) has told her “only criminals run,” she keeps going, terrified that, having scratched someone,... (full context)
Community, Diversity, and Prejudice Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
Aislyn gets a call from her father Matthew. When he asks where she is, she tells him she’s shopping and changes the subject... (full context)
Abuse Theme Icon
Aislyn—who often asks Matthew questions and then ignores him “to make space for her own thoughts”—asks whether he’s okay.... (full context)
Community, Diversity, and Prejudice Theme Icon
Ethics and Nature Theme Icon
As Matthew monologues, Aislyn notices the Woman in White petting her shoulder. Aislyn realizes she’s barely reacting... (full context)
Community, Diversity, and Prejudice Theme Icon
Ethics and Nature Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
Matthew, still talking, mentions he heard something over police radio about a woman matching Aislyn’s description... (full context)
Community, Diversity, and Prejudice Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
...them by missing the ferry, and wonders why they didn’t come to her. She recalls Matthew yelling at someone: “Who’s gonna help you? Nobody gives a shit. You don’t fucking matter.”... (full context)
Chapter 10: Make Staten Island Grate Again(st São Paolo)
Community, Diversity, and Prejudice Theme Icon
Art Theme Icon
Aislyn reflects that Matthew almost caught her despite her precautions. She’s wondering how she can admit that she wanted... (full context)
Community, Diversity, and Prejudice Theme Icon
Art Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
Aislyn has heard about Kendra’s miscarriage; Matthew believed the baby was a son and called him Conall. Aislyn asks why Kendra couldn’t... (full context)
Community, Diversity, and Prejudice Theme Icon
Ethics and Nature Theme Icon
Art Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
...ordered Aislyn New York City college brochures for that reason. Aislyn recalls that her father Matthew believed she, Aislyn, had ordered them and yelled at her, suggesting that the city was... (full context)
Abuse Theme Icon
When Aislyn reenters the house, she finds Matthew laughing in the dining room with a tattooed man who looks to Aislyn like “antifa”... (full context)
Cities and Gentrification Theme Icon
Community, Diversity, and Prejudice Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
Conall asks about the nickname “Apple.” Matthew says he calls Aislyn his “little apple, here in the Big Apple,” and claims she... (full context)
Cities and Gentrification Theme Icon
Beliefs, Concepts, and Stereotypes Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
Aislyn is disturbed by the thought that Matthew is friends with Conall because Conall is “also a beer-swilling, controlling boor” who wants to... (full context)
Community, Diversity, and Prejudice Theme Icon
Ethics and Nature Theme Icon
Beliefs, Concepts, and Stereotypes Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
...Aislyn walks away, she feels Staten Island making sure no one notices her. Behind her, Matthew, with a shotgun, goes to investigate his back yard. She reflects that in Staten Island,... (full context)
Ethics and Nature Theme Icon
Beliefs, Concepts, and Stereotypes Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
At Aislyn’s house, Matthew and Conall are talking to the police outside. No one notices Aislyn return to her... (full context)
Chapter 12: They Don’t Have Cities There
Beliefs, Concepts, and Stereotypes Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
...tendrils, is an alien thing only she can see. Walking to her car—a Ford hybrid Matthew loathes for anti-environmentalist reasons but helped her buy “because at least it’s American”—she sees another... (full context)
Beliefs, Concepts, and Stereotypes Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
...destroyed him. Aislyn thinks back to that morning’s breakfast, where she learned Conall had convinced Matthew that he heroically fought off a trespasser. She clarifies that the Woman knows how Conall... (full context)
Community, Diversity, and Prejudice Theme Icon
Ethics and Nature Theme Icon
Beliefs, Concepts, and Stereotypes Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
...like a good person to Aislyn. Second, Aislyn subconsciously worries that if she screams and Matthew comes to police his property, the Woman may put a tendril in him—and Aislyn’s terrified... (full context)
Chapter 15: “And lo, the Beast looked upon the face of Beauty”
Community, Diversity, and Prejudice Theme Icon
Beliefs, Concepts, and Stereotypes Theme Icon
Art Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
Meanwhile, Aislyn wakes up, hearing yelling outside her house. She knows Matthew is working, Conall is gone, and Kendra has drunk herself nearly unconscious. In her yard... (full context)
Community, Diversity, and Prejudice Theme Icon
Beliefs, Concepts, and Stereotypes Theme Icon
Abuse Theme Icon
...demands to know whether Aislyn knows what the Woman plans to do. Aislyn, whose father Matthew frequently calls her (and women in general) crazy, reacts with anger that she doesn’t allow... (full context)