The Duchess of Malfi
by John Webster

The Duchess of Malfi: Irony 2 key examples

Definition of Irony

Irony is a literary device or event in which how things seem to be is in fact very different from how they actually are. If this seems like a loose definition... read full definition
Irony is a literary device or event in which how things seem to be is in fact very different from how they actually are. If this... read full definition
Irony is a literary device or event in which how things seem to be is in fact very different from how... read full definition
Act 3, Scene 2
Explanation and Analysis—Secret Marriage:

In Act 3, Scene 2, the Duchess and Antonio have been secretly married and are about to act on their plans to flee the court together. In a court scene rife with dramatic irony, their final interactions are colored by the audience’s knowledge of their secret scheme. However, because the members of the court around them do not know of their love, their conversation (and Antonio’s dismissal) is full of double meanings and secret nods to their shared affection. The scene’s dramatic irony creates a sense of tension.

Act 4, Scene 1
Explanation and Analysis—Duped Duchess:

In Act 4, Scene 1, Ferdinand and Bosola play a trick on the Duchess that creates a moment of dramatic irony that ultimately leads to some foreshadowing. The Duchess is tricked into thinking that Antonio and her children have been killed, and she is devastated by the apparent loss of her family and spouse. However, the audience knows ahead of time that Antonio is still alive.

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