The Fountainhead

The Fountainhead

by

Ayn Rand

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The Fountainhead: Part 2: Chapter 13 Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
Stoddard wins the case, and Roark is ordered to pay the costs of the Temple’s alterations. Stoddard is turning it into a home for subnormal children. 
Roark’s rationality doesn’t work at the Stoddard trial, and Toohey ends up winning against Roark and against Stoddard who is turning the temple into a home for children, just a Toohey had wished.
Themes
Rationality vs. Emotion Theme Icon
Religion and Morality Theme Icon
Dominique wants to publish most of her court testimony in her column for the Banner, but Alvah Scarret says they can’t print it since the paper has been against Roark. Dominique says she will quit if they don’t print it. Alvah cables Wynand, who is in Bali, to ask what he should do, and Wynand writes back, “Fire the bitch.” Toohey intercepts the message before Scarret can talk to Dominique and is pleased to be able to break the news to her. On her way out, Dominique proclaims to Scarret that “nothing that [they] can do to [her]—or to [Roark]—will be worse than” what she will do to herself. 
As Dominique leaves the Banner, she proclaims that she will hurt herself much more than the world can hurt either her or Roark. Since she is afraid of the world and fears her powerlessness before it, the only way she feels she can stay in control is by choosing her pain rather than having it imposed on her by the world.
Themes
Love and Selfishness Theme Icon
A few days after the trial, Toohey is relaxing at home when Catherine says she wants to talk to him. She looks much older than her 26 years and very tired. In the last few years, Toohey had helped her get a job as a social worker, and she had a job at a settlement house. While he barely noticed her in recent years, she seems to cling to his advice even more strongly than before. She tells Toohey that she is “no good” and is “terribly unhappy.” Toohey tells her to “be [herself]” and Catherine says that is what she is most afraid of because she is “vicious.” 
Catherine has lived her life as Toohey has said she should—selflessly—and is surprised that it has made her “terribly unhappy.” Instead of blaming her unhappiness on her self-sacrificing lifestyle, Catherine blames herself. Toohey will tell Keating later in the novel that the best way to destroy a person’s self-respect is to insist on selflessness, since human nature rebels against this and the person will end up feeling guilty and broken due to not being able to achieve this impossible idea. Catherine is a clear example of this.
Themes
Individualism Theme Icon
Love and Selfishness Theme Icon
Catherine says that she has tried to be unselfish because she knows that “one can find true happiness only in dedicating oneself to others,” as Toohey always says. Despite doing this, she is “unhappy in such a horrible, nasty, undignified way.” She knows she is turning into a hypocrite. The only emotion she has felt in years is tiredness, “as if there were nobody there to feel any more.” She admits that there is something even worse—she is beginning to hate people, and she is becoming “cruel and mean and petty” in a way she never was before. She “demand[s] gratitude” from the people she helps and finds herself liking the servile ones more. She suspects she is “vicious by nature and incapable of leading a good life,” but she also admits that she doesn’t know “a single selfless person in the world who’s happy—except [Toohey.]”
Catherine has always been a gentle person, but by being forced to practice self-abnegation, she is becoming hard and cruel. Her only happiness comes from others’ servile gratitude, which she recognizes as problematic. Though she blames herself for her unhappiness, she also perceptively points out that she doesn’t know any happy, selfless people, with the exception of Toohey.
Themes
Individualism Theme Icon
Love and Selfishness Theme Icon
Quotes
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Toohey tells Catherine that she has been complaining about her personal unhappiness this whole time, and that she has been very selfish since she chose a “noble career” not for the good she could do, but for the personal happiness she wanted to find in it. He says she has been egotistical in seeking to be virtuous. Catherine wonders if it is wrong to want to have self-respect, and Toohey says one mustn’t want anything—she “must forget how important Miss Catherine Halsey is.” People are not important in themselves, but only in relation to others. She might feel some anger and pain as she works towards this, but he dismisses them as growing pains.
Characteristically, Toohey’s solution to Catherine’s unhappiness is to suggest that she become even more selfless and desire absolutely nothing for herself, even self-respect.
Themes
Individualism Theme Icon
Integrity vs. Conformity Theme Icon
Love and Selfishness Theme Icon
Catherine wonders whether her identity will be lost, but Toohey assures her she would have just “acquired a broader one, an identity that will be part of everybody else and of the whole universe.” When Catherine wants to know what exactly that means, he says he “can’t be too literal when [dealing] in abstractions.” He urges her to trust “[her] heart, not [her] brain,” to “not think,” but to “feel” and “believe.”
When Toohey is questioned too much—as in this passage—he has no answers and relies on hackneyed abstractions.
Themes
Rationality vs. Emotion Theme Icon
The following evening, Keating comes to visit Catherine. She hasn’t seen him in six months. For the past three years, they have met sometimes in public places but haven’t spoken of marriage in a long time. Catherine sees that Keating looks awful, and he admits he’s been drinking. He says “he couldn’t take any more,” and the one thing he wanted to do was to see her. He says he behaved in a rotten way towards someone “who can’t be hurt and so can’t forgive.” She says she can see he is struggling and that she forgives him, and Keating is grateful. He asks her to marry him once again and says that they should go ahead and do it by themselves, without announcing it to anyone, including his mother or her uncle. He says he’ll pick her up in the morning the day after the next. After he leaves, Catherine sobs “exultantly” and tells Toohey, “I’m not afraid of you, Uncle Ellsworth!”
Keating feels immense guilt for testifying against Roark, and feels that he can’t stand any more of the lies and posturing required to maintain his popularity. He and Catherine decide to marry—the one thing that they both have wanted and that will give them great happiness—and after he leaves, Catherine proclaims her freedom from Toohey’s ideas of selflessness. Catherine is thrilled at her opportunity for happiness.
Themes
Individualism Theme Icon
Love and Selfishness Theme Icon