Beads
Throughout The Girl Who Smiled Beads, beads symbolize the fragmented personal narrative and sense of self that is unique to the refugee experience. When Clemantine Wamariya is a girl in Rwanda, her nanny Mukamana…
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Mickey Mouse Backpack
Clemantine’s Mickey Mouse backpack—and specifically the loss of it—represents her sense of unbelonging as a refugee. Rob’s family in Uvira, Zaire initially gives her the backpack. While living with the family in Zaire…
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