The Girl Who Smiled Beads
by Clemantine Wamariya
✓

or to save your progress

Themes and Colors
Trauma and Faith Theme Icon
Narrative, Memory, and Fragmentation  Theme Icon
Displacement and Identity  Theme Icon
Women, War, and Survival Theme Icon
Charity vs. Sharing  Theme Icon
LitCharts assigns a color and icon to each theme in The Girl Who Smiled Beads, which you can use to track the themes throughout the work.
Trauma and Faith Theme Icon
Trauma and Faith Theme Icon

Set largely during the Rwandan Genocide, The Girl Who Smiled Beads depicts a trauma that tragically altered the way people conceive of the world. Clemantine is six years old when the Rwanda Genocide breaks out and she suddenly becomes a refugee. At such a young age, the horrors she witnesses—hunger, degrading comments, bombs exploding, dead bodies floating in a river—seem to her like illogical, evil acts that she can’t wrap her head around. When Clemantine later learns the complete history of the Rwanda Genocide from a textbook, it is no more logical than was her experience of it as a young girl. She cannot comprehend the idea that a group of human beings could kill another group of human beings—it is categorically wrong. The Rwandan Genocide—both her firsthand experience and secondhand knowledge of it—ruins Clemantine’s faith. Not only does she no longer believe in God as she once did, but she can barely find cause to view the world as a kind, just, and peaceful place. In this way, the memoir shows how trauma can fundamentally change people’s beliefs and worldviews, even long after the traumatic event occurred.

Although some survivors of the genocide maintain their faith in various ways, these outlooks now seem naïve and irrational to Clemantine. For instance, when she visits Rwanda after the genocide has ended, she is appalled that, to achieve peace, Rwandan citizens are uniting with the very neighbors who killed and raped their families as if nothing happened. Along these lines, Clemantine’s sister Claire maintains that people should forgive the crimes of the genocide aggressors so as to achieve their own personal peace. Clemantine strongly disagrees, believing that it is impossible to ask people to forgive when they’ve experienced such fundamental wrongs. Similarly, Clemantine opposes her mother’s stubborn religious outlook that refuses to question why such bad things happened in a good world. In this way, the Rwandan Genocide disrupts Clemantine’s conceptions of the world so radically that her ability to forgive and her faith in the world are permanently compromised.

Related Themes from Other Texts
Compare and contrast themes from other texts to this theme…

Trauma and Faith ThemeTracker

The ThemeTracker below shows where, and to what degree, the theme of Trauma and Faith appears in each chapter of The Girl Who Smiled Beads. Click or tap on any chapter to read its Summary & Analysis.
How often theme appears:
chapter length:
Get the entire The Girl Who Smiled Beads LitChart as a printable PDF.
"My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." -Graham S.
The Girl Who Smiled Beads PDF

Trauma and Faith Quotes in The Girl Who Smiled Beads

Below you will find the important quotes in The Girl Who Smiled Beads related to the theme of Trauma and Faith.

Chapter 5 Quotes

I now felt I’d made a mistake in Uvira. I’d let my guard down. I’d allowed myself to feel I belonged. But there was no real belonging—not anymore. There was only coming and going and coming and going and dying. There was no point in letting anybody get close.

Related Characters: Clemantine Wamariya (speaker), Claire, Rob
Page Number and Citation: 89
Explanation and Analysis:
When conflict in Zaire has escalated, Clemantine, Claire, and Rob are forced to evacuate Uvira. Clemantine explains that, after being torn away from Uvira, where she’d started to feel at home, she determined never to allow herself to feel at home or get close to people again. In this quote, Clemantine contrasts the state of belonging with a state of coming, going, and dying. A state of belonging is a state of being in place, stable, and at rest. It is also a state in which people have a spot they fit into, and someone or something that owns and Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Accusantium iusto voluptas. Totam quae corporis. Impedit non u

Chapter 6 Quotes

I resent and revile [the word genocide]. The word is tidy and efficient. It holds no true emotion. It is impersonal when it needs to be intimate, cool and sterile when it needs to be gruesome. The word is hollow, true but disingenuous, a performance, the worst kind of lie.

Related Characters: Clemantine Wamariya (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 93
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote appears when Clemantine’s high school teacher puts the word “genocide” on a vocabulary list. In this quote, Clemantine expresses her frustration that the word genocide is far too small to contain everything that it claims to mean. She feels that the word genocide is “tidy and efficient”—that it is too succinct and easy to convey the true extent and horror of what the horror it describes. She would prefer the word to be intimate instead of impersonal, since the word itself can’t possibly capture each individual’s experience with genocide. She also wants the word to be gruesome, perhaps Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. E

I wanted to piece [the] world back together, but the idea of one group of people killing another group of people—people they lived with, people they knew—that chunk of knowledge could never fit itself in my mind. It was categorically, dimensionally, fundamentally wrong. It was like trying to store a tornado in a chest of drawers. That was not how the universe worked.

Related Characters: Clemantine Wamariya (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 97
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage occurs when Clemantine studies the history of the Rwandan Genocide in high school in the United States. Although she lived through the Rwandan Genocide, this is the first time she has read the textbook version of its history. In this quote, Clemantine explains how the history of the Rwandan Genocide posed a problem in her conception of the world. Trying to make sense of her new chunk of knowledge—that the Hutus killed the Tutsis, their very own neighbors—is like trying to fit a square peg in a round hole; or, as she explains, like trying to stuff a Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusan

Chapter 7 Quotes

To be a refugee was to be a victim—it was tautological. And not just a victim due to external forces like politics or war. You were a victim due to some inherent, irrevocable weakness in you. You were a victim because you were less worthy, less good, and less strong than all the non-victims of the world.

Related Characters: Clemantine Wamariya (speaker), Claire
Page Number and Citation: 118
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage occurs shortly after Clemantine and Claire settle in another refugee camp after leaving Uvira, and Clemantine reflects on how refugees are treated by the camp workers. In this quote, Clemantine points out that the refugees in Africa during this time are in fact only victims because of external forces—the Rwandan Genocide in Rwanda and violence sweeping over other large regions. Therefore, the lifestyle of the refugees that resembles a life of the worst poverty is not their fault but rather a life they are forced into against their will. However, this quote goes on to explain that the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore labo

Chapter 8 Quotes

It felt surreal and awful. I’d lost track of who I was and who we were to each other. None of us were the same people who’d lived together in that house in Kigali. Those people had died. We had all died.

Related Characters: Clemantine Wamariya (speaker), Clemantine’s Mother, Clemantine’s Father, Pudi, Claire
Page Number and Citation: 129
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote occurs shortly after Clemantine and Claire discover that their family is alive in Rwanda and call them on the phone. In this quote, Clemantine describes her painful realization that the people whose voices she hears on the phone are practically strangers. To illustrate this, the quote makes an acute separation between Clemantine’s family in the past and Clemantine’s family in the present. Although Clemantine and Claire miraculously survived the Rwandan Genocide and are amazed to discover that their family also survived, Clemantine now realizes that a different kind of death occurred to them all. Their old selves and Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eu

Chapter 10 Quotes

I understand that forgiveness is utilitarian, that it is likely even the missing piece in my life, the keystone that will allow me to balance and stabilize and keep the bricks of my life from tumbling down. But I can’t do it. To me it feels false.

Related Characters: Clemantine Wamariya (speaker), Claire
Page Number and Citation: 139
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote occurs long after Claire and Clemantine have immigrated to the United States, and they sit in a park in San Francisco and argue about forgiveness. In this quote, Clemantine explains her attitude towards forgiveness and asserts her priorities when it comes to confronting her past. Clemantine sees forgiveness as a kind of stabilizer, a piece that would cohere all the other scattered bricks of her life. Many times before, Clemantine has described her life and memories as an assortment of fragments that she wishes she could arrange into a sequential, cohesive whole. In this quote, she describes forgiveness Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Accusantium iusto voluptas. Totam quae corporis. Impedit non ut. Incidunt rerum est. Aperiam doloremqu

Chapter 16 Quotes

The plot provided by the universe was filled with starvation, war, and rape. I would not—could not—live in that tale.

Instead, I would be the girl who smiled beads, my version of the girl who smiled beads, one who had power and agency over her life, one who did not get caught.

Related Characters: Clemantine Wamariya (speaker), Mukamana
Related Symbols: Beads
Page Number and Citation: 210
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote appears when Clemantine returns to Rwanda and is reminded of the story her nanny Mukamana used to tell her about the girl who smiled beads. Recalled after years of forgetting it, this story helps Clemantine process her trauma. This quote explains that Clemantine views life as an interaction between characters and plots. Fortunately, Mukamana’s story about the girl who smiled beads provided only a character who could interact with any given plot and still be who she was. This separation between character and plot helps Clemantine resist being defined by the plot of her life: one that involves Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Accusantium iusto voluptas. Totam quae corporis. Impedit non ut. Incidunt rerum est. Aperiam doloremque eu

Chapter 17 Quotes

I need more than the artifacts stuffed into a suitcase. I need to comprehend my history, a deep history. I know the facts about the genocide […] But that is not enough. The past, that story, cannot fill me. I need a longer, broader, more fully human backstory, a history not all soaked in blood. I need clarity, perspective, joy, beauty, originality, intelligence, a wide-angle view.

Related Characters: Clemantine Wamariya (speaker)
Related Symbols: Mickey Mouse Backpack
Page Number and Citation: 220
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage occurs long after Clemantine has immigrated to the United States and is considering the proper way to heal from her past. In this quote, Clemantine makes a distinction between two kinds of histories: a history of facts and a human history. The Rwandan Genocide’s factual history—how it started, how long it lasted, how many people died—isn’t expansive enough to fill all of Clemantine. In other words, she feels that she is a lot more than all the gruesome facts of the genocide. The alternative history she describes—the “fully human backstory”—seems to transcend this history of facts. It is Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Accusantium iusto voluptas. Totam quae corporis. Impedit non ut. Incidunt rerum est. Aperiam doloremque eum. Animi soluta perspiciatis. Ut minima autem. Modi omnis iure. Sint qui qui. Qui similique praesentium. Ex consequatur magnam. Aliquid iste enim. Sequi aut maxime. Adipisci voluptate et. Volupta

Chapter 18 Quotes

[Rwandans] needed to find a way to tolerate an intolerable truth. We needed to acknowledge facts that are incompatible with a stable faith in humanity, incompatible even with any sane definition of God.

Related Characters: Clemantine Wamariya (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 233
Explanation and Analysis:
When Clemantine returns to Rwanda for the 20th anniversary of the Rwandan Genocide, she observes how the country has struggled to recover from its history. In this quote, Clemantine uses an oxymoron to point out the difficult place Rwandans are in following the genocide. In order to move on, Rwandans need to “tolerate an intolerable truth.” After the genocide has ended, Rwandans want to bring peace back to their country. To do this, they have to “tolerate” a truth that is fundamentally “intolerable”: that the genocide happened, and that Rwanda’s people killed and raped their own neighbors. This oxymoron—tolerating an Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque

Chapter 21 Quotes

Insist on knowing the backstory to your gifts and your pain. Ask yourself how you came to have all the things you carry; your privilege, your philosophy, your nightmares, your faith, your sense of order and peace in the world.

Related Characters: Clemantine Wamariya (speaker), Clemantine’s Mother
Page Number and Citation: 261
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage occurs when Clemantine is in Europe with her mother and considers how people can accept each other and their differences. Clemantine explains that attitudes, such as one’s philosophy or their faith, are like physical objects; they were picked up somewhere along one’s life, and one now carries them through life. Many people might consider their philosophy or their sense of order and peace in the world as given—as intrinsic to their character. However, in describing these feelings and beliefs as objects, Clemantine shows that they shouldn’t be taken for granted and that they come from a person’s lived Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corpo