The titular character of The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, Tom Jones, often takes the world at face value, but as the narrator and other more experienced characters know, appearances don’t always reflect reality. Near the beginning of the novel, for example, Mr. Partridge loses his teaching job simply because it appears that he had an illegitimate child (Tom) with Jenny Jones. As it turns out, Mr. Partridge had no such affair and Jenny Jones (later Mrs. Waters) didn’t even give birth to a child, and yet this rumor will continue to have effects that reverberate until the truth of Tom’s parentage comes out when he’s a young man. The novel is full of cases of mistaken identity, tricks, and characters who are hypocritical. While Partridge and Jenny Jones are innocent of what they are accused of (though Jenny was complicit in the ruse), there are other characters like Black George who manage to hide their darker side, as the gamekeeper pretends to be Tom’s friend while secretly stealing 500 pounds from him.
However, the novel acknowledges that sometimes a person’s external appearance does, in fact, reveal something about them as a person. Tom’s appearance as a gentleman, for example, is plainly obvious to people even when he is in dire financial situations and is otherwise believed to be illegitimate. People’s perceptions of him foreshadow the revelation that he is actually the gentleman Mr. Allworthy’s biological nephew. Similarly, Sophia’s outer beauty signals her inner purity and morality. More often, however, characters in Tom Jones use their external appearances to hide something about their true nature. Thwackum, for example, uses his schoolteacher persona to hide his more brutal and vindictive side, while Mr. Blifil hides his selfish desire to possess Sophia by claiming that his actions are a way to show loyalty to his uncle, Mr. Allworthy. As Tom matures, he begins to understand that he can’t always trust external appearances. The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling depicts how surface-level details, like a person’s appearance or reputation, can reveal deeper truths about a person. And yet, the novel acknowledges that perhaps even more often, these external details are misleading, allowing hypocrites or manipulators to present false versions of themselves to the world—at least until they get caught.
Appearance vs. Reality ThemeTracker
Appearance vs. Reality Quotes in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling
Book 1, Chapter 3 Quotes
Mr Allworthy had been absent a full quarter of a year in London, on some very particular business, though I know not what it was; but judge of its importance by its having detained him so long from home, whence he had not been absent a month at a time during the space of many years. He came to his house very late in the evening, and after a short supper with his sister, retired much fatigued to his chamber. Here, having spent some minutes on his knees—a custom which he never broke through on any account—he was preparing to step into bed, when, upon opening the cloathes, to his great surprize he beheld an infant, wrapt up in some coarse linen, in a sweet and profound sleep, between his sheets.
Book 4, Chapter 2 Quotes
But lest this should not have been thy fortune, we will endeavour with our utmost skill to describe this paragon, though we are sensible that our highest abilities are very inadequate to the task.
Book 8, Chapter 6 Quotes
“It is possible,” cries Benjamin, “for it is so: but though it is natural enough for men to hate even the innocent causes of their sufferings, yet I am of a different temper. I have loved you ever since I heard of your behavior to Black George, as I told you; and I am convinced, from this extraordinary meeting, that you are born to make me amends for all I have suffered on that account.
Book 11, Chapter 2 Quotes
News arrived that the rebels had given the duke the slip, and had got a day's march towards London; and soon after arrived a famous Jacobite squire, who, with great joy in his countenance, shook the landlord by the hand, saying, “All’s our own, boy, ten thousand honest Frenchmen are landed in Suffolk. Old England for ever! ten thousand French, my brave lad!”
Book 12, Chapter 4 Quotes
“Lookee, friend,” cries Jones, “the right owner shall certainly have again all that she lost; and as for any farther gratuity, I really cannot give it you at present.”
Book 16, Chapter 10 Quotes
Jones was a little staggered by the blow, which came somewhat unexpectedly; but presently recovering himself he also drew, and though he understood nothing of fencing, priest on so boldly upon Fitzpatrick, that he beat down his guard, and sheathed one half of his sword in the body of the said gentleman, who had no sooner received it than he stept backwards, dropped the point of his sword, and leaning upon it, cried, “I have satisfaction enough: I am a dead man.”
Book 18, Chapter 8 Quotes
“Harkee, sir, do you find out, before my return, the letter which your mother sent me on her death-bed.” Allworthy then departed, and left Blifil in a situation to be envied only by a man who is just going to be hanged.
Book 18, Chapter 13 Quotes
To conclude, as there are not to be found a worthier man and woman, than this fond couple, so neither can any be imagined more happy. They preserve the purest and tenderest affection for each other, an affection daily encreased and confirmed by mutual endearments and mutual esteem. Nor is their conduct towards their relations and friends less amiable than towards one another. And such is their condescension, their indulgence, and their beneficence to those below them, that there is not a neighbour, a tenant, or a servant, who doth not most gratefully bless the day when Mr Jones was married to his Sophia.



