The Natural

by

Bernard Malamud

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The Natural: Batter Up! Part 2 Summary & Analysis

Summary
Analysis
The next morning in the locker room, the Knights are glum and fighting among themselves. When Hobbs enters, though, they look up at him with interest. Hobbs discovers that his teammates have scattered his belongings: his uniform is knotted up, soaking wet, his stockings and socks are slashed, and his other things are smeared with shoe polish; his jock strap, with two red apples in it, is hanging from the ceiling, where his shoes have also been nailed. Hobbs’s teammates start laughing, and he smacks Bump in the face with his wet pants. Bump dries himself off and gives Hobbs a cigarette that explodes in his face. The Knights howl with laughter. Allie Stubbs, the second baseman, dances around the room, imitating a “naked nature dancer” playing the trombone. Hobbs then realizes that his bassoon case is missing.
The Knights’ cruelty is on full display in this hazing episode: the players’ actions toward Hobbs mock his masculinity (putting two “red apples” in his jock strap), demonstrating baseball’s close relationship to both vice and inflated masculine ideals. 
Themes
Baseball and American Vice Theme Icon
Hobbs spies Bump with a hacksaw, about to attack his bat, called “Wonderboy.” Hobbs retrieves the bat, and he and Bump scuffle. Hobbs tells Bump that he doesn’t like being pranked, especially after Bump asked him for a favor the night before; Bump says he heard Hobbs “had a swell time.” Pop and Doc Casey, the trainer, break up the fight, and Pop tells Hobbs that fighting between players will be punished. Hobbs feels sorry for making trouble because he wanted to ask Bump if he was expecting the redheaded woman in his room.
Bump recognizes that Hobbs’s bat—which he guards fiercely throughout the novel—has special powers and attempts to destroy it in order to undermine Hobbs, again demonstrating the cut-throat cruelty of baseball. Moreover, Hobbs’s interest in the redheaded woman—who draws his attention away from his squabble with Hobbs—indicates the power women continue to hold over his life, actions, and decisions.
Themes
Baseball and American Vice Theme Icon
Mythology, Heroism, and Stardom Theme Icon
Femininity, Stereotypes, and Destruction Theme Icon
Hobbs goes outside with Wonderboy and into the batting cage. The players, including Earl Wilson, Allie Stubbs, Cal Baker, Hank Benz, Emil Lajong, Hinkle, Hill, and McGee, are practicing without much energy, but they perk up when they see Hobbs enter the cage. Fowler, a southpaw Pop has ordered to throw batting practice “for not bearing down in the clutches” the day before, is in a “nasty mood” and throws a ball at Hobbs’s head in spite; Roy hits his next three pitches spectacularly well.
This is Hobbs’s first time batting with Wonderboy in the novel, and unsurprisingly, he performs well, despite Fowler’s vengeful behavior; Hobbs proves that he possesses the natural talents he claimed to have, though it is not yet clear whether these talents—which he has demonstrated only in practice—will be enough to help him lead the Knights to victory.
Themes
Ambition, Failure, and the American Dream Theme Icon
Baseball and American Vice Theme Icon
Pop asks Hobbs about his bat, and Hobbs tells him that as a child, he carved it out of wood from a tree that was struck by lightning near the river where he lived; he branded the name “Wonderboy” on it himself and keeps its pale white wood “oiled with sweet oil.” When Pop asks Hobbs why he didn’t get into the game as a teenager, Hobbs is elusive, noting that he “got sidetracked.” Pop says that Red will measure and weigh the bat to make sure it meets specifications. Red then asks Pop if they can start Hobbs in the line-up soon.
“Wonderboy” has mythical significance: like King Arthur, who pulled Excalibur from a stone, Hobbs “discovered” Wonderboy—crafting it out of a tree near his childhood home. Wonderboy is a symbol of Hobbs’s prowess as a sports star (as well as a phallic symbol, attesting to Hobbs’s masculinity). Again, Hobbs is reluctant to reveal why he didn’t become a professional player sooner, since he hopes to leave his troubled past behind. Nevertheless, he is persistently plagued by the questions and curiosity of those around him.
Themes
Ambition, Failure, and the American Dream Theme Icon
Mythology, Heroism, and Stardom Theme Icon
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Pop sends Hobbs out to left field, where he proves to be a good field player, and Bump—as well as the other players—begin to play with more gusto, encouraged by Hobbs’s performance. Though Bump does not typically “exert” himself in practice, he hits Fowler’s pitches hard; he runs for and catches long fly balls, including some that end up close to the outfield wall, though he doesn’t like to run near the wall as a rule. Pop is pleased with the team’s work and tears up.
Even before Hobbs plays a game, his skills seem to improve the Knights’ performance, helping to redeem the team (following the Fisher King legend Malamud alludes to). Additionally, Bump’s superstition about the outfield wall foreshadows the injuries he sustains by running into the wall at the end of this chapter—again, Malamud subtly develops plot details that will be reintroduced later.
Themes
Mythology, Heroism, and Stardom Theme Icon
Before Hobbs’s first game that day, the team sits around in the locker room, trying to hide their nerves but looking up whenever someone enters the room. Red introduces Hobbs to players Dave Olson, Juan Flores, and Gabby Laslow, and they walk past Bump anxiously performing his pre-game ritual: he is sewing a red thread into a sanitary sock, which Red tells Hobbs is a superstitious practice that Bump believes “keeps him hitting.” Pop gives the team a pep talk, reading notes from an old, worn-in notebook, but he doesn’t insult the players—like he did in his last pep talk.
The Knights rely on superstition to reassure themselves before games: unlike Hobbs, who consistently attests to his own drive and motivation, the Knights do not depend on their own determination and force of will to succeed, turning to rituals instead. In the novel, Malamud shows that ultimately, both Hobbs’s and the Knights’ approaches are only marginally successful—baseball is too corrupt, dangerous, and cut-throat a game to afford its players real success, instead creating a never-ending cycle of celebrity players who achieve fame and then burn out quickly, replaced by the next new star (not unlike the Whammer).
Themes
Ambition, Failure, and the American Dream Theme Icon
A short man in a green suit enters the room. The players arrange their chairs and benches in rows in front of the man, who the catcher, Olson, tells Hobbs is named Doc Knobb. The players seem less nervous around Doc, who begins to give a prolonged, hypnotic oration about relinquishing weakness and visualizing their own success: “If you think you are winners, you will be,” he tells the team, asking them to imagine the Pirates, their opponents, as “mortals,” “not supermen,” to envision themselves as “the sun shining calmly on a blue lake” instead of “a flock of bats flying around in a coffin.” Finally, he entreats the team to relax and “sleep.”
Doc Knobb is a psychotherapist who works to “relax” the players through mesmerism and autosuggestion. His tactics suggest a parallel between baseball and psychological struggle: the players are encouraged to perform well in the game in order to complete the process of identity construction that Knobb guides them through. This episode is one of several points in which Malamud uses baseball as an allegory: more than just a form of entertainment, baseball symbolizes human conflict more generally.
Themes
Mythology, Heroism, and Stardom Theme Icon
The Knights begin to look less nervous and are lulled into a sleepy state as Knobb raises his arms and makes wave-like motions with them. Hobbs begins to dream that he is swimming in deep water, searching for a mermaid; there isn’t enough light underwater to find her, and he panics and wakes up abruptly. Jarred, Hobbs decides to leave the room, damning Knobb’s hypnosis, but Pop tells him that he is supposed to attend the doctor’s sessions, per his contract.
Hobbs’s dream parallels the nightmare Sam Simpson experiences before his death: that he imagines himself drowning, as Sam did, indicates his own deep-seated fear about himself and his own identity (just as Sam, too, felt fearful about his future and his disappointing lot in life). Again, Hobbs’s confidence and ambition are undermined by his own anxiety and uncertainty.
Themes
Ambition, Failure, and the American Dream Theme Icon
Quotes
After Hobbs walks out on Doc Knobb’s speech, Pop benches Hobbs as punishment, but Hobbs remains steadfast, refusing to attend subsequent hypnosis sessions. Hobbs tells Red that he has “been a long time getting here” and “wants to do it,” playing baseball, on his own terms, without Knobb’s help; he never joins his team except for batting practice.
By refusing Knobb’s hypnosis, Hobbs asserts his own self-reliance and independence, a version of the American Dream: he wants to succeed “on his own terms,” though as the novel will later show, Hobbs’s ambitions are not ultimately successful.
Themes
Ambition, Failure, and the American Dream Theme Icon
Baseball and American Vice Theme Icon
Mythology, Heroism, and Stardom Theme Icon
Hobbs begins to feel weakened while he waits to play, some days feeling so fragile “he could hardly lift Wonderboy,” but whenever he goes into the batting cage to practice, he performs well, in contrast to his teammates, who are often clumsy and overly reliant on superstition. The Knights become sloppier when they are already losing a game and when they have not been hypnotized by Doc Knobb. Even Red and Pop have rituals: Pop has a rabbit’s foot, and Red never changes his clothes during a “winning streak.”
Hobbs’s bat continues to provide him with supernatural, mythical abilities on the playing field, which contrasts sharply with the Knights’ own failures. It’s notable that their superstitions are so ineffective; Malamud seems to draw a distinction between this false magic and the true magic of Hobbs’s mythic status.
Themes
Mythology, Heroism, and Stardom Theme Icon
Certain players have superstitious rituals about their fans, too: Emil Lajong does a “flip” whenever he sees “a cross-eyed fan” in the stands, and Olson spits when he spots a woman in a “drab brown-feathered hat.” Hobbs is put off by the Knights’ fans, who resemble a “zoo full of oddballs,” including gamblers, prostitutes, and physically grotesque people, all obsessed with certain players—including Otto Zipp, a dwarf who roots for Bump using a loud horn. One fan, however, stands out to Hobbs: Memo Paris, Pop’s niece and Bump’s on-again-off-again girlfriend, who has treated him coldly ever since she accidentally got into his bed during his first night at the Midtown Hotel.
Malamud portrays baseball as a grotesque circus, evidenced by “oddball” fans obsessed with different players: in the novel, baseball is not the sort of glamorous spectacle it is often made out to be, but rather something brutal and bizarre. Additionally, Hobbs learns the identity of the redheaded woman who accidentally came into his bed during his first night at the hotel. Though the fans are obsessed with the players, Hobbs is obsessed with Memo, who represents the fulfillment of his deeply-felt lust—a lust he has not been able to satisfy so far, since Harriet shot him (thereby emasculating him) instead of having sex with him.
Themes
Baseball and American Vice Theme Icon
Femininity, Stereotypes, and Destruction Theme Icon
Quotes
Hobbs has tried to apologize to Memo, but she blames him for the incident, ignoring his letters and phone calls. Bump finds the situation humorous—he tells Memo that he let Hobbs have his room out of pity, because he was going to spend the night “at the apartment of [his] he cousin from Mobile,” and that he wasn’t trying to play a prank on her—but Memo refuses to speak to either Bump or Hobbs. Nonetheless, Hobbs’s infatuation with Memo deepens, and he resolves to “wait” for her.
Bump has clearly deceived Memo—he was with another woman the night that she entered Hobbs’s room—but Hobbs had no way of knowing that Memo had mistaken him for Bump. Memo’s cold, cruel behavior toward Hobbs foreshadows the behavior she will consistently display throughout the narrative, adding to the negative portrayal of women in the novel: like Harriet, Memo is presented as callous and one-dimensional.
Themes
Femininity, Stereotypes, and Destruction Theme Icon
Pop informs Hobbs that because of his refusal to attend Knobb’s sessions, he is going to be sent to a Class B (minor league) team in the Great Lakes. Knobb offers to hypnotize Pop in order to rid him of his abrasive behavior, but Pop takes offense and fires him. Without Knobb’s monologues, the Knights perform well, up until a point: Bump fails to make a routine catch, and Pop decides to put Hobbs in as a pinch-hitter for Bump, asking Hobbs to “hit the cover off of the ball.” Hobbs faces a pitch and reflects that he is “sick to death of waiting.” Using Wonderboy, Hobbs hits a homerun, literally knocking the cover off of the ball pitched to him; the bat flashes in the sun.
Again, Wonderboy provides Hobbs with otherworldly powers, allowing him to perform unbelievable feats—hitting the cover off of a baseball—and suggesting Hobbs’s mythical status as a breakout star.
Themes
Ambition, Failure, and the American Dream Theme Icon
Mythology, Heroism, and Stardom Theme Icon
As soon as Hobbs makes it to home base, the Knights and their opponents, the Phils, contest the umpire’s calling Hobbs safe; it also begins to rain heavily. The game is recorded as a tie, and Pop asks Hobbs to explain why the cover came off of the ball. Hobbs replies that that was what Pop asked him to do. Pop withdraws Hobbs’s release, and the next day, during practice for a game against the Redbirds, Hobbs looks “tremendous;” so, too, does Bump, who warns Hobbs to “get out of [his] way.” Pop puts Bump back in his usual position—fourth slot in the batting order—but tells him to start hustling or risk resting on the bench.
Keeping with the Fisher King myth, Hobbs’s success prompts the Knights’ “kingdom”—their baseball field—to become fertile again, since it begins to rain as soon as Hobbs wins the game; Hobbs is on his way to redeeming Pop Fisher and the Knights, though this success prompts competition between Bump and Hobbs.
Themes
Mythology, Heroism, and Stardom Theme Icon
In the next game, Bump performs admirably but is not satisfied by his own well-executed catches; he chases a hard-hit ball and runs full tilt toward the outfield wall. Bump feels his legs slowing down, then envisions himself as the league’s best outfielder, adored by fans, players, and Pop. He catches the ball between his fingers but does not hear Otto Zipp’s horn, nor Memo’s shrieking, and collides with the wall, severely injuring himself and ending up on the critical list at the hospital.
Though Bump has a superstition to avoid the outfield wall, he runs square into it in an attempt to outdo Hobbs and gain the status he, like Hobbs, desires—success as a great player of the game. Like Sam and the Whammer, Bump becomes a character whose talents and motivation are ultimately inadequate; his ambition backfires and his “American dream” eludes him.
Themes
Ambition, Failure, and the American Dream Theme Icon
Quotes
After Bump is hospitalized, the newspapers speculate that Hobbs may have conspired with Pop to tear the cover off of the ball during his spectacular homerun. Max Mercy suggests that Wonderboy is “suspicious,” but Red Blow insists that the bat is legitimate and quashes Mercy’s rumors. Hobbs keeps Wonderboy hidden away when Mercy comes to search the clubhouse.
At times, the novel’s mythological structure—its allusion to supernatural events or items, like Wonderboy—chafes against reality: Hobbs’s talents are not believed, building conflict in the plot and contributing to his own sense of anxiety about his skills.
Themes
Ambition, Failure, and the American Dream Theme Icon
Mythology, Heroism, and Stardom Theme Icon
Hobbs plays the next game against the Redbirds for Bump. In the stands, Otto Zipp looks “worn and aged,” his face “like a pancake with a cherry nose;” Hobbs passes him by without giving him Bump’s customary kiss on the head (another one of his superstitions). Hobbs bats and fields successfully; he is adept at judging the way a ball might carry on the wind or bounce on different places on the field, and the fans in the bleachers enjoy his acrobatics. The Redbirds’ pitchers try to trip him up with different types of difficult pitches, but Hobbs is unflappable.
Hobbs proves that he is talented even without Wonderboy, as a fielder; still determined to do things “his own way,” motivated by his own independent ambition, he refuses to participate in Bump’s pre-game ritual (kissing Otto Zipp on the head).
Themes
Ambition, Failure, and the American Dream Theme Icon
Red says to Pop that Hobbs is a “natural,” but Pop says that he mistrusts “bad ball hitters;” Hobbs sometimes swings at poorly-pitched balls, and Pop remarks that hitters like Hobbs often make “some harmful mistakes.” Nonetheless, Hobbs earns a record for the number of triples hit in a major league debut, and everyone agrees that the Knights have found “something special.” At the end of the game, Hobbs accidentally kills a bird that flies out of a window of an apartment overlooking the stadium by mistaking it for a ball.
Even as Hobbs triumphs on the field, cracks are beginning to emerge in his façade of strength and determination: Pop sees flaws in his hitting style, and by killing a bird by accident—mistaking it for a ball—Hobbs foreshadows his own eventual decline. Though Hobbs feels free at this moment in this career, like the bird as it escapes from the apartment, he, too, will see this sense of freedom crushed.
Themes
Ambition, Failure, and the American Dream Theme Icon