Definition of Irony
In true keeping with de Maupassant’s style, "The Necklace" relies on irony to depict the difficult realities of its characters’ world. In addition, irony plays a crucial role in developing the theme of illusion and false appearances in this piece. Much of the irony in this story is situational, such as the scene in which Madame Forestier reveals that the diamond necklace is not made of diamonds at all:
"Oh, my poor Mathilde! My necklace was paste. It was worth at most five hundred francs! ..."
The key moment of dramatic irony in the story is the ball, in which the reader knows that Mathilde has dressed up in imitation of a wealthy woman, when she in fact is not. This fact is known to the reader, though not to the other characters in the scene:
Unlock with LitCharts A+Madame Loisel was a grand success. She was lovelier than any other woman […]. All the men gazed at her, asked for her name, and tried to get introduced. All the cabinet attachés wanted to waltz with her. The minister noticed her.