The Rape of the Lock
by Alexander Pope

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An earthly gnome who delights in wreaking havoc. He descends to the Cave of Spleen to collect a bag of “Sighs, sobs and passions,” which he dumps over Belinda and Thalestris, and vial of “fainting fears, / Soft sorrows, melting griefs, and flowing tears,” which he pours over Belinda, spurring them on to confront the Baron for snipping off Belinda’s lock. A more tangibly malicious figure than Ariel, Umbriel’s name recalls the Latin umbra, meaning “shadow,” suggesting to the reader that there is a real darkness to his character. But, like that of Ariel, Umbriel’s interference in the mortals’ actions also allows Pope to return to the question of how people create moral judgements. Instead of presenting a straightforward situation where Belinda and Thalestris behave aggressively of their own accord, Pope creates one where they are almost being played with like puppets and clearly cannot be held accountable for the things that they say and do.

Umbriel Quotes in The Rape of the Lock

The The Rape of the Lock quotes below are all either spoken by Umbriel or refer to Umbriel. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
The Triviality of Court Life Theme Icon
).

Canto I Quotes

For when the fair in all their pride expire,
To their first elements their souls retire:
The sprites of fiery termagants in flame
Mount up, and take a Salamander's name.
Soft yielding minds to water glide away,
And sip with Nymphs, their elemental tea.
The graver prude sinks downward to a Gnome,
In search of mischief still on earth to roam.
The light coquettes in Sylphs aloft repair,
And sport and flutter in the fields of air.

Related Characters: Ariel (speaker), Belinda, Umbriel
Page Number and Citation: I.61-3
Explanation and Analysis:
This is part of the sylph Ariel’s speech to the sleeping Belinda, in which he outlines to her where the sylphs come from and what their function is. Here he explains that after they die, women’s souls return to their “first elements.” Contrary to the idea of a Christian afterlife in which souls are sorted into good and bad, Pope’s fantasy afterlife for women is basically amoral, making no effort to judge women on their merits. Based around the ancient idea of the four elements of fire, water, earth and air, Ariel explains that all women’s souls are sorted into Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Accusantium iusto voluptas. Totam quae corporis. Impedit non ut. Incidunt rerum est. Aperiam doloremque eum. Animi soluta perspiciatis. Ut minima autem. Modi omnis iure. Sint qui qui. Qui similique praesentium. Ex consequatur magnam. Aliquid iste enim. Sequi aut maxime. Adipisci voluptate et. Voluptas suscipit alias. In et eveniet. Eaque et repellendus. Dolores aut voluptatibus. Voluptatem qui voluptatum. Voluptatibus sed placeat. Aut tenetur autem. Fugit voluptates in. Quidem impedit sunt. Excepturi ullam nobis. Ducimus odio quo. Ut autem harum. Omnis vel voluptatum. Assumenda officia maiores. Voluptatem sint velit. Q

Canto IV Quotes

Here stood Ill Nature like an ancient maid,
Her wrinkled form in black and white arrayed;
With store of prayers, for mornings, nights, and noons,
Her hand is filled; her bosom with lampoons.

Related Characters: Umbriel, The Queen of Spleen, Belinda
Page Number and Citation: IV. 26-30
Explanation and Analysis:
This description occurs in Canto IV when Umbriel descends to the subterranean Cave of Spleen, ruled over by the Queen of Spleen, in a parody of the epic trope of the hero’s journey to the underworld. In this cave, Umbriel passes by a number of strange creatures, their bodies warped by spleen—a force that was, in Pope’s day, believed to be the cause of female bodily disfunction. Although the Cave of Spleen episode is one of the poem’s more fantastical sections and should be read rather lightheartedly, it also reveals much about the gender politics of the world Pope has Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti n

There Affectation, with a sickly mien
Shows in her cheek the roses of eighteen,
Practiced to lisp, and hang the head aside,
Faints into airs, and languishes with pride;
On the rich quilt sinks with becoming woe,
Wrapped in a gown, for sickness, and for show.

Related Characters: Umbriel, The Queen of Spleen, Belinda
Page Number and Citation: IV.31-6
Explanation and Analysis:
As with the description of “Ill Nature,” the description of “Affectation” occurs when Umbriel descends to the subterranean Cave of Spleen. This journey is a comic version of the epic convention of the hero’s journey to the underworld (e.g. Aeneas’ descent to the Underworld in Book VI of Virgil’s Aeneid), and so it includes mention of all kinds of fantastical creatures. In Pope’s Cave of Spleen, ruled over by the Queen of Spleen, Umbriel passes by bodies corrupted by spleen (which was, at Pope’s time, believed to be the cause of all kinds of bodily disfunction, particularly among women). The Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corpor

Here living teapots stand, one arm held out,
One bent; the handle this, and that the spout:
A pipkin there like Homer’s tripod walks;
Here sighs a jar, and there a goose-pie talks;
Men prove with child, as powerful fancy works,
And maids turned bottles, call aloud for corks.
Safe passed the Gnome through this fantastic band,
A branch of healing spleenwort in his hand.
Then thus addressed the power: “Hail, wayward Queen!
Who rule the sex to fifty from fifteen,
Parent of vapors and of female wit,
Who give the hysteric, or poetic fit”

Related Characters: Umbriel (speaker), The Queen of Spleen, Belinda
Page Number and Citation: IV.47-60
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage continues Umbriel’s journey through the Cave of Spleen, a fantastical subterranean world filled with bodies warped by spleen. (Spleen was a medical term of the period describing what was believed to be the source of much female bodily dysfunction.) Filled with ghoulish creatures which darkly mirror the glittering world of the court above, the creatures in the Cave of Spleen are often read as a kind of collection of the outcasts from the world above, the casualties of a world which demands that, like Belinda, its women all be beautiful, distinctly feminine and chaste. This passage in particular Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Accusantium iusto voluptas. Totam quae corporis. Impedit non ut. Incidunt rerum est. Aperiam doloremque eum. Animi soluta perspiciatis. Ut minima autem. Modi omnis iure. Sint qui qui. Qui similique praesentium. Ex consequatur magnam. Aliquid iste enim. Sequi aut maxime. Adipisci voluptate et. Voluptas suscipit alias. In et eveniet. Eaque et repellendus. Dolores aut voluptatibus. Voluptatem qui voluptatum. Voluptatibus sed placeat. Aut tenetur autem. Fugit voluptates in. Quidem impedit sunt. E

A wondrous bag with both her hands she binds,
Like that where once Ulysses held the winds;
There she collects the force of female lungs,
Sighs, sobs, and passions, and the war of tongues.
A vial next she fills with fainting fears,
Soft sorrows, melting griefs, and flowing tears.
The Gnome rejoicing bears her gifts away,
Spreads his black wings, and slowly mounts to day.
Sunk in Thalestris’ arms the nymph he found,
Her eyes dejected and her hair unbound.
Full o’er their heads the swelling bag he rent,
And all the furies issued at the vent.
Belinda burns with more than mortal ire,
And fierce Thalestris fans the rising fire.

Related Characters: Umbriel, The Queen of Spleen, Belinda, Thalestris
Related Symbols: The Lock
Page Number and Citation: IV. 81-94
Explanation and Analysis:
Towards the end of Canto IV, Umbriel acquires a “wondrous bag” and a “vial” from the Queen of Spleen, the ruler of a subterranean world. Her world is filled with nightmarish creatures contorted by the effects of spleen (thought in Pope’s day to be the medical cause behind a variety of forms of bodily dysfunction, particularly those pertaining to women’s bodies). At his request, the queen fills the bag with all kinds of female despair (“the force of female lungs, / Sighs, sobs, and passions, and the war of tongues”) while she fills the vial with “fainting fears, / Soft Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui dignissimos. Qui et ut. Voluptate labore corporis. Hic tempore laborum. Nisi quia ea. Quia soluta itaque. Deleniti nisi earum. Ad tenetur laboriosam. Eum accusamus harum. Accusantium iusto voluptas. Totam quae corporis. Impedit non ut. Incidunt rerum est. Aperiam doloremque eum. Animi soluta perspiciatis. Ut minima autem. Modi omnis iure. Sint qui qui. Qui similique praesentium. Ex consequatur magnam. Aliquid iste enim. Sequi aut maxime. Adipisci vo
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Umbriel Character Timeline in The Rape of the Lock

The timeline below shows where the character Umbriel appears in The Rape of the Lock. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Canto IV
The Triviality of Court Life Theme Icon
Religion and Morality Theme Icon
Umbriel, the gnome, a “dusky melancholy sprite,” appears and descends to the subterranean Cave of Spleen.... (full context)
Gender Theme Icon
As he moves deeper into the Cave, Umbriel sees the Queen of Spleen’s two handmaids—Ill-Nature and Affectation. Ill-Nature is a withered old maid... (full context)
Gender Theme Icon
Umbriel continues through the Cave. A strange vapor hangs in the air, out of which strange... (full context)
Gender Theme Icon
Religion and Morality Theme Icon
Eventually Umbriel reaches the Queen of Spleen herself. He hails her as the ruler of women between... (full context)
The Triviality of Court Life Theme Icon
Although it seems like the Queen of Spleen will reject Umbriel’s request, she does grant it. She binds together a bag for him like the one... (full context)
Beauty vs. Poetry Theme Icon
When Umbriel returns, he finds Belinda in the arms of Thalestris, a lady at court, who is... (full context)
The Triviality of Court Life Theme Icon
Religion and Morality Theme Icon
Umbriel is not satisfied, however, and breaks the vial of “sorrows” over Belinda, who appears dejected.... (full context)
Canto V
The Triviality of Court Life Theme Icon
...fight, and it resembles a battle between “Pallas, Mars; Latona, Hermes” and Jove and Neptune. Umbriel is delighted with what’s going on and watches gleefully, while the other “sprites” either watch... (full context)