Definition of Metaphor
As the narrator speaks with the Raven, it becomes increasingly clear to the reader that the unsettling bird will offer no useful response. Nevertheless, the narrator continues to ask—and practically interrogate—the Raven as to the fate of his lost Lenore. The narrator becomes increasingly desperate as the night continues:
Quoth the Raven “Nevermore.”
“Be that word our sign of parting, bird or fiend!” I shrieked, upstarting—
“Get thee back into the tempest and the Night’s Plutonian shore!
Leave no black plume as a token of that lie thy soul hath spoken!
Leave my loneliness unbroken!—quit the bust above my door!
Take thy beak from out my heart, and take thy form from off my door!”
Poe makes use of fire as a metaphor throughout "The Raven": bursts of warmth and light contrast with the dark and dreary mood of the piece as a whole. The chill of the chamber at the beginning of the story is established by the vivid description of "dying embers" wringing their "ghosts upon the floor," and the imagery of a dying fire predicts the themes of grief and death—and the possibility of an afterlife, whether classical or biblical—to come.
On two other occasions, Poe uses fire as a metaphor for the inner life of an individual. When the narrator returns to his chamber after searching the hallway outside his room for whoever was tapping on his door, he recounts:
Unlock with LitCharts A+Back into the chamber turning, all my soul within me burning,
Soon again I heard a tapping somewhat louder than before.