The Return of the Soldier

by

Rebecca West

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The Return of the Soldier: Verbal Irony 1 key example

Definition of Verbal Irony
Verbal irony occurs when the literal meaning of what someone says is different from—and often opposite to—what they actually mean. When there's a hurricane raging outside and someone remarks "what... read full definition
Verbal irony occurs when the literal meaning of what someone says is different from—and often opposite to—what they actually mean. When there's a hurricane raging... read full definition
Verbal irony occurs when the literal meaning of what someone says is different from—and often opposite to—what they actually mean... read full definition
Chapter 6
Explanation and Analysis—Kitty's "Peculiar Use":

When Dr. Gilbert Anderson, a psychiatrist, comes to Baldry Court to examine Chris, Jenny uses verbal irony to describe the welcome Kitty gives him. As a married woman of the upper class, Kitty looks down on middle-class professionals like Dr. Anderson. Nevertheless, she makes sure to dress and behave attractively when he visits. Jenny says that beautiful women of Kitty's class behave this way because: 

[...] they are obscurely aware that it is their civilizing mission to flash the jewel of their beauty before all men, so that they shall desire it and work to get the wealth to buy it [...]. There is, you know, really room for all of us; we each have our peculiar use.

This passage, especially Jenny's sly assertion that "we each have our peculiar use," is an example of verbal irony because she means exactly the opposite of what she is saying. Jenny does not actually believe that Kitty's vanity is a commendable trait or a means of serving the broader society. In fact, she's highlighting the fact that Kitty's snobbery, demonstrated by her lack of genuine regard for men like Dr. Anderson, can only be overcome by her personal pride and need for admiration. The elevated narrative register displayed in phrases like "civilizing mission" combines with the Jenny's biting tone to point out Kitty's worst characteristics in a passage that seems to be praising her. 

It's important to note that at the beginning of the novel, Jenny seemed to uncritically admire Kitty and to genuinely believe that her beauty had a "peculiar use." By carefully tending to her appearance and home, Jenny initially suggests, Kitty is both creating a serene domestic atmosphere for Chris and fulfilling the standards of behavior for women of her class, thus serving a broader social purpose. By this point in the novel, Jenny has come to value and envy the authenticity of Chris and Margaret's love affair, and she has come to see that Kitty's relationships are hollow and superficial by contrast. That Jenny ironically states an argument she might earlier have put forward sincerely emphasizes the mental transformation she has experienced over the course of the novel.