The River Between

by

Ngugi wa Thiong’o

Teachers and parents! Our Teacher Edition on The River Between makes teaching easy.

Joshua Character Analysis

Joshua is Muthoni and Nyambura’s father and a Gikuyu Christian pastor who lives in Makuyu. Joshua accepts everything that the white missionaries say and believes that they speak with the authority of God. As such, he rejects all elements of tribal culture and considers them evil pagan rites and the work of Satan. As the foremost Christian leader amongst the Gikuyu, Joshua militaristically governs his family and demands they abide by his Christian rules. He views female circumcision as the ultimate unforgivable sin and forbids his daughters from undergoing the procedure, even though it is the most important Gikuyu cultural tradition. Joshua hates that his wife, Miriamu, was circumcised before they married, and he often beats her for it in the present even though she can do nothing to change it. When Muthoni rebels and decides to be circumcised, Joshua disowns her as his daughter and acts as if she does not exist—he’s even unmoved when he hears of her death. When Nyambura decides to be with Waiyaki, Joshua tries to forbid it, since Waiyaki was involved with the Kiama and is thus his mortal enemy, an agent of Satan. When Nyambura defies Joshua anyways, he disowns her as well. His stubborn opposition to Nyambura’s happiness suggests that he is more preoccupied with wielding his authority over his family than their actual wellbeing. Although Waiyaki tries to warn Joshua that Kabonyi’s followers are considering attacking Joshua’s church, Joshua is blinded by his hatred for Waiyaki and will not listen.

Joshua Quotes in The River Between

The The River Between quotes below are all either spoken by Joshua or refer to Joshua. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Colonialism Theme Icon
).
Chapter 3 Quotes

[Waiyaki’s] eyes were large and rather liquid; sad and contemplative. But whenever he looked at someone, they seemed to burn bright. A light came from them, a light that appeared to pierce your body, seeing something beyond you, into your heart. Not a man knew what language the eyes spoke. Only, if the boy gazed at you, you had to obey.

Related Characters: Waiyaki, Kabonyi, Joshua
Page Number: 10
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 6 Quotes

“Father and Mother are circumcised. Are they not Christians? Circumcision did not prevent them from being Christians. I too have embraced the white man’s faith. However, I know it is beautiful, oh so beautiful to be initiated into womanhood. You learn the ways of the tribe. Yes, the white man’s God does not quite satisfy me. I want, I need something more.”

Related Characters: Muthoni (speaker), Nyambura, Joshua, Miriamu
Related Symbols: Circumcision
Page Number: 25
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 7 Quotes

Joshua was such a staunch man of God and such a firm believer in the Old Testament, that he would never refrain from punishing a sin, even if this meant beating his wife. He did not mind as long as he was executing God’s justice.

Related Characters: Kabonyi, Joshua, Miriamu
Related Symbols: Circumcision
Page Number: 30
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 8 Quotes

[Miriamu’s] faith and belief in God were coupled with her fear of Joshua. But that was religion and it was the way things were ordered. However, one could tell by her eyes that this was a religion learned and accepted; inside, the true Gikuyu woman was sleeping.

Related Characters: Muthoni, Joshua, Miriamu
Related Symbols: Circumcision
Page Number: 33
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 17 Quotes

As the spiritual head of the hills, [Joshua] enforced the Church’s morality with new energy. All the tribe’s customs were bad. That was final. There could never be a compromise.

Related Characters: Muthoni, Joshua
Related Symbols: Circumcision
Page Number: 82
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 19 Quotes

Day by day [Nyambura] became weary of Joshua’s brand of religion. Was she too becoming a rebel? No. She would not do what her sister had done. She knew […] that she had to have a God who would give her a fullness of life, a God who would still her restless soul; so she clung to Christ because He had died on the Tree, love for all the people blazing out from His sad eyes.

Related Characters: Waiyaki, Nyambura, Muthoni, Joshua
Page Number: 99
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 20 Quotes

Many teachers came from all over the ridge to see him, and many elders and children came to him with various problems. But in spite of all this Waiyaki was losing that contact with people that can only come through taking part together in a ritual. He was becoming too obsessed with the schools and the widening rift and divisions.

Related Characters: Waiyaki, Nyambura, Joshua
Related Symbols: Kameno
Page Number: 110
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 24 Quotes

No! It could never be a religion of love. Never, never. The religion of love was in the heart. The other was Joshua’s own religion, which ran counter to her spirit and violated love. If the faith of Joshua and Livingstone came to separate, why, it was not good. […] She wanted the other. The other that held together, the other that united.

Related Characters: Waiyaki, Nyambura, Joshua, Reverend Livingstone
Page Number: 131
Explanation and Analysis:
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Joshua Quotes in The River Between

The The River Between quotes below are all either spoken by Joshua or refer to Joshua. For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
Colonialism Theme Icon
).
Chapter 3 Quotes

[Waiyaki’s] eyes were large and rather liquid; sad and contemplative. But whenever he looked at someone, they seemed to burn bright. A light came from them, a light that appeared to pierce your body, seeing something beyond you, into your heart. Not a man knew what language the eyes spoke. Only, if the boy gazed at you, you had to obey.

Related Characters: Waiyaki, Kabonyi, Joshua
Page Number: 10
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 6 Quotes

“Father and Mother are circumcised. Are they not Christians? Circumcision did not prevent them from being Christians. I too have embraced the white man’s faith. However, I know it is beautiful, oh so beautiful to be initiated into womanhood. You learn the ways of the tribe. Yes, the white man’s God does not quite satisfy me. I want, I need something more.”

Related Characters: Muthoni (speaker), Nyambura, Joshua, Miriamu
Related Symbols: Circumcision
Page Number: 25
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 7 Quotes

Joshua was such a staunch man of God and such a firm believer in the Old Testament, that he would never refrain from punishing a sin, even if this meant beating his wife. He did not mind as long as he was executing God’s justice.

Related Characters: Kabonyi, Joshua, Miriamu
Related Symbols: Circumcision
Page Number: 30
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 8 Quotes

[Miriamu’s] faith and belief in God were coupled with her fear of Joshua. But that was religion and it was the way things were ordered. However, one could tell by her eyes that this was a religion learned and accepted; inside, the true Gikuyu woman was sleeping.

Related Characters: Muthoni, Joshua, Miriamu
Related Symbols: Circumcision
Page Number: 33
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 17 Quotes

As the spiritual head of the hills, [Joshua] enforced the Church’s morality with new energy. All the tribe’s customs were bad. That was final. There could never be a compromise.

Related Characters: Muthoni, Joshua
Related Symbols: Circumcision
Page Number: 82
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 19 Quotes

Day by day [Nyambura] became weary of Joshua’s brand of religion. Was she too becoming a rebel? No. She would not do what her sister had done. She knew […] that she had to have a God who would give her a fullness of life, a God who would still her restless soul; so she clung to Christ because He had died on the Tree, love for all the people blazing out from His sad eyes.

Related Characters: Waiyaki, Nyambura, Muthoni, Joshua
Page Number: 99
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 20 Quotes

Many teachers came from all over the ridge to see him, and many elders and children came to him with various problems. But in spite of all this Waiyaki was losing that contact with people that can only come through taking part together in a ritual. He was becoming too obsessed with the schools and the widening rift and divisions.

Related Characters: Waiyaki, Nyambura, Joshua
Related Symbols: Kameno
Page Number: 110
Explanation and Analysis:
Chapter 24 Quotes

No! It could never be a religion of love. Never, never. The religion of love was in the heart. The other was Joshua’s own religion, which ran counter to her spirit and violated love. If the faith of Joshua and Livingstone came to separate, why, it was not good. […] She wanted the other. The other that held together, the other that united.

Related Characters: Waiyaki, Nyambura, Joshua, Reverend Livingstone
Page Number: 131
Explanation and Analysis: