The Secret History
by Donna Tartt

Richard Papen Character Analysis

Richard Papen is the narrator of The Secret History. Richard attends Hampden College after deciding that he cannot stomach his pre-med classes or the stifling presence of his parents in California, where he’s from. During his first semester at Hampden, Richard becomes a Greek student and meets Henry, Bunny, Charles, Camilla, Francis, and Julian. Richard spends much of the semester pretending to be wealthy to fit in with the other Greek students, who quickly become his friends. Richard enjoys the company of the other Greek students, particularly that of Charles and Camilla, though he knows that there is something that they are not telling him. During his second semester at Hampden Richard discovers that the other Greek students, excluding Bunny, accidentally killed someone during a bacchanal. The Greek students are worried that they will be caught because Bunny found out about the murder and is now blackmailing them. In response, the Greek students, along with Richard, murder Bunny by pushing him off a cliff. Once it is discovered that Bunny is missing, a manhunt takes place to find his body. During this time, Richard is incredibly stressed and racked with guilt. He tries to cope using sex and drugs, but his dreams continue to be filled with nightmarish images that relate to Bunny’s death. Ultimately, Richard and his fellow Greek students get away with the murder, but Richard never fully recovers. He ends the novel in a sort of purgatory, unsure of how he can ever move on from the events of the past.

Richard Papen Quotes in The Secret History

The The Secret History quotes below are all either spoken by Richard Papen or refer to Richard Papen . For each quote, you can also see the other characters and themes related to it (each theme is indicated by its own dot and icon, like this one:
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
).

Prologue Quotes

I suppose at one time in my life I might have had any number of stories, but now there is no other. This is the only story I will ever be able to tell.

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Bunny (Edmund Corcoran)
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 4
Explanation and Analysis:
The Secret History begins with a brief prologue that sets up the story Richard is about to tell. This quote comes at the end of the prologue and emphasizes the impact of the story on Richard’s life. Among other things, The Secret History is novel about identity formation and Richard’s desire to transcend his lower-class background. When he arrives at Hampden college, he has his whole life ahead of him and can take any number of potential paths. However, the path Richard ultimately chooses narrows the trajectory of his life to the point where he can now think of nothing Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Exp

Chapter 1 Quotes

Plano. The word conjures up drive-ins, tract homes, waves of heat rising from the blacktop. My years there created for me an expendable past, disposable as a plastic cup. Which I suppose was a great gift, in a way. On leaving home I was able to fabricate a new and far more satisfying history, full of striking, simplistic environmental influences; a colorful past, easily accessible to strangers.

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Bunny (Edmund Corcoran)
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 7
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote comes from the beginning of Chapter 1, as Richard gives the reader a brief glimpse at his background. Clearly, Richard is unsatisfied with where he grew up. His parents are from the working class, and he feels that his past lacks a certain mystique or romantic quality that he observes in his peers. On the one hand, Richard is a typical college student who wants to make his own way in the world without the baggage given to him by his parents. On the other hand, the glee with which he utterly erases his past, which he finds Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non in

The Greeks, you know, really weren’t very different from us. They were a very formal people, extraordinarily civilized, rather repressed. And yet they were frequently swept away en masse by the wildest enthusiasm—dancing, frenzies, slaughter, visions—which for us, I suppose would seem clinical madness, irreversible. Yet the Greeks—some of them, anyway—could go in and out of it as they pleased [. . .] The revelers were apparently hurled back into a non-rational, pre-intellectual state, where the personality was replaced by something completely different – and by ‘different’ I mean something to all appearances not mortal. Inhuman.

Related Characters: Julian Morrow (speaker), Richard Papen
Page Number and Citation: 40
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote comes from Richard’s first lesson with Julian. In his lecture, Julian discusses Dionysian madness, and this quote is part of the description he gives for it. Indeed, the description Julian provides is in line with what scholars believe happened in parts of ancient Greece. There were ceremonies performed dedicated to Dionysus that were meant to cast off all social constraints. However, although Julian’s lesson is based in fact, he is also playing a dangerous game, much of which isn’t revealed until later in the novel. Not only does Julian tell his students that the Greeks “weren’t very different Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus volupt

Beauty is terror. Whatever we call beautiful, we quiver before it. And what could be more terrifying and beautiful, to souls like the Greeks or our own, than to lose control completely? To throw off the chains of being for an instant, to shatter the accident of our mortal selves?

Related Characters: Julian Morrow (speaker), Bunny (Edmund Corcoran) , Richard Papen
Page Number and Citation: 42
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote is from Richard’s first lesson with Julian. Here, Julian provides his thesis on beauty, which he takes from Aristotle. Aristotle says that things that are often terrifying or horrific in real life can seem beautiful when experienced as art. However, Julian’s claim—at least in this moment—is that things that are terrifying or horrific in real life can also be beautiful in real life. It is this thesis that leads him to encourage his students to attempt a bacchanal. It is also this idea that allows him to find Bunny’s disappearance more exciting than concerning. Julian treats life as Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam

Chapter 2  Quotes

Then Henry spoke. His words were low but deliberate and distinct. “Should I do what is necessary?”

To my surprise, Julian took both Henry’s hands in his own. “You should only, ever, do what is necessary,” he said.

Related Characters: Julian Morrow (speaker), Henry Winter (speaker), Richard Papen
Page Number and Citation: 71
Explanation and Analysis:
Wondering if he truly belongs in Greek studies, Richard goes to see Julian and ends up overhearing this strange conversation between Julian and Henry. Of all the Greek students, Henry is clearly Julian’s favorite; they lunch together, talk often, and Henry treats Julian like a father. However, Julian clearly abuses his position of power. In this case, Henry and Julian are almost certainly discussing the Dionysian rituals the Greek students are performing, although this is never confirmed. Henry comes to Julian asking for advice, likely because the rituals are not working, and he is afraid to do “what is necessary.” Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque erro

The chronological sorting of memories in an interesting business. Prior to this first weekend in the country, my recollections of that fall are distant and blurry: from here on out, they come into a sharp, delightful focus. It is here that the stilted mannequins of my initial acquaintance begin to yawn and stretch and come to life. It was months before the gloss and mystery of newness, which kept me from seeing them with much objectivity, would wear entirely off [. . .] but it is here, in my memory, that they cease being totally foreign and begin to appear, for the first time, in shapes very like their bright old selves.

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 79
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote comes after Richard describes the first weekend the Greek students spend together at Francis’s country house. Although it is made clear at several points in the novel leading up to this, it is here that Richard openly reveals himself as an unreliable narrator, which is a key feature of the novel that changes how it should be interpreted. Already, Richard has narrated a large portion of the novel, and he does so while largely exuding a sense of objectivity. Yet, here, he states that his recollections are “distant and blurry.” In addition, although Richard claims that the rest Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Ex

There is a recurrent scene from those dinners that surfaces again and again, like an obsessive undercurrent in a dream. Julian, at the head of the long table, rises to his feet and lifts his wineglass. “Live forever,” he says.

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Julian Morrow (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 91
Explanation and Analysis:
During Richard’s first semester at Hampden, the Greek students would regularly hold dinners at Francis’s country house, and on occasion Julian would join them. At each dinner, Julian did exactly what this quote describes. There are several moments in Richard’s past that often recur in his memory, and this is one of them. Julian’s toast to eternal life is ironic, given that, by the end of the novel, two of his six students will end up dead. Meanwhile, those who are still living spend the rest of their lives in a hellish purgatory, each of them stricken with guilt because Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commod

It was like a painting too vivid to be real—every pebble, every blade of grass sharply defined, the sky so blue it hurt me to look at it. Camilla was limp in Henry’s arms, her head thrown back like a dead girl’s, and the curve of her throat beautiful and lifeless.

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Henry Winter , Camilla Macauley
Page Number and Citation: 99
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote is from the scene in which Camilla cuts her foot before being saved by Henry. While everyone else is shocked by the sight of blood, Henry sweeps Camilla up into his arms. Upon witnessing this sight, Richard experiences a confluence of real life and art that he finds hard to describe. His description is reminiscent of Julian’s claim that beauty and terror are two sides of the same coin. Though Richard finds beauty in the image, it is also painful to look at and Camilla’s head looks like “a dead girl’s.” Additionally, this is a moment in the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo m

Out on the lawn, Bunny had just knocked Henry’s ball about seventy feet outside the court. There was a ragged burst of laughter; faint, but clear, it floated back across the evening air. That laughter haunts me still.

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Bunny (Edmund Corcoran) , Henry Winter , Francis Abernathy
Page Number and Citation: 103
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage describes one of Richard’s memories from his time at Francis’s country house. Outdoors, Bunny and Henry are playing croquet, while Richard sits inside watching them. The laughter that he hears emanates from Bunny, who is elated with himself for blasting Henry’s ball outside the court. Though it is a happy moment for Bunny, it is unclear whether the same can be said for Henry. Henry and Bunny’s relationship is difficult to pin down. On the one hand, Charles and Camilla insist that they are best friends. On the other hand, there is little evidence to demonstrate this fact Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error.

Chapter 3 Quotes

If I threw myself off, I thought, who would find me in all that white silence? Might the river beat me downstream over the rocks until it spat me out in the quiet waters, down behind the dye factory, where some lady would catch me in the beam of her headlights when she pulled out of the parking lot at five in the afternoon?

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 119
Explanation and Analysis:
After his first semester at Hampden, Richard spends winter break isolated from his friends and living in squalor. During this period of his life, Richard becomes depressed and contemplates suicide. After spending a semester of hearing Julian say that humanity’s greatest desire is to live forever, Richard feels the exact opposite. Instead, he is drawn to the depths of the river, and he fantasizes about his own death, as well as what would happen after it. Additionally, this moment is highly reminiscent of a scene from William Faulkner’s The Sound and the Fury, in which another isolated college student contemplates Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessita

Chapter 4 Quotes

And the horrible thing was, somehow, that I did know. “You killed somebody,” I said, “didn’t you?”

“Good for you,” he said. “You’re just as smart as I thought you were. I knew you’d figure it out, sooner or later, that’s what I’ve told the others all along.”

Related Characters: Henry Winter (speaker), Richard Papen (speaker), Francis Abernathy , Charles Macauley , Camilla Macauley , Julian Morrow
Page Number and Citation: 163
Explanation and Analysis:
After a significant build up, the novel’s big reveal finally arrives in the form of Henry confirming to Richard that he, along with Francis, Charles, and Camilla, killed someone. In this climactic moment, Richard’s answer and Henry’s response reveal a lot about their respective characters. In Richard’s case, it is telling that he knew the answer to his question before he asked it. This comes as a shock to the reader because previously Richard never mentions murder when reciting his story, except in the prologue. As such, it is unclear how long Richard has suspected his friends of murder. Meanwhile, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur e

Things started to come back. I looked down at my hand and saw it was covered in with blood, and worse than blood. Then Charles stepped forward and knelt at something at my feet, and I bent down, too, and saw that it was a man. He was dead. He was about forty years old and he had on a yellow plaid shirt—you know those woolen shirts they wear up here—and his neck was broken, and, unpleasant to say, his brains were all over his face. Really, I do not know how that happened. There was a dreadful mess. I was drenched in blood and there was even blood on my glasses.

Related Characters: Henry Winter (speaker), Richard Papen
Related Literary Devices:
Page Number and Citation: 169
Explanation and Analysis:
In this quote, Henry describes what he saw after regaining his sanity following the Dionysian ritual. Although the details of the murder are not clear, Henry obviously played a critical role in murdering the man, given that he is drenched in blood. In addition to the description provided here, Camilla will later tell Richard that she remembers a deep cut across the man’s stomach that oozed blood. This does not contradict Henry’s description, but it does indicate that he’s left out some details, but perhaps not intentionally. A key question in the novel is whether or not to believe Henry Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem

Chapter 5 Quotes

“Tell me,” Bunny said, and I thought I detected for the first time a note of suspicion. “Just what the Sam Hill are you guys doing out here anyway?”

The woods were silent, not a sound.

Henry smiled. “Why, looking for new ferns,” he said, and took a step towards him.

Related Characters: Bunny (Edmund Corcoran) (speaker), Richard Papen (speaker), Henry Winter (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 269
Explanation and Analysis:
These are the closing words of Chapter 5, and this is the last moment before Bunny is killed. What is most striking about this passage is that Henry moves forward with the intention of killing Bunny with a smile on his face. Up until this point, Richard has maintained that the Greek students decide to kill Bunny because they must in order to save themselves. While this may be true for the others, it is difficult, given this description, to imagine that self-preservation is Henry’s only motivation. In this passage, he is not upset that he has to kill his Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. U

Chapter 6 Quotes

Just for the record, I do not consider myself an evil person (though how like a killer that makes me sound!). Whenever I read about murders in the news I am struck by the dogged, almost touching assurance with which interstate stranglers, needle-happy pediatricians, the depraved and guilty of all descriptions fail to recognize the evil in themselves; feel compelled, even to assert a kind of spurious decency. “Basically I am a very good person.” This from the latest serial killer—destined for the chair, they say—who, with incarnadine axe, recently dispatched half a dozen registered nurses in Texas. I have followed his case with interest in the papers.

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Bunny (Edmund Corcoran)
Page Number and Citation: 275
Explanation and Analysis:
Before Richard describes Bunny’s death, he includes this brief aside, which comments on the morality of the situation. However, he does so in an odd way. Essentially, he defends himself by demonstrating how his response to murdering Bunny is unlike that of the typical murderer. Yet, like much of what Julian says, this is nothing more than a rhetorical trick. Richard seems to believe that his self-awareness makes him better than “interstate stranglers” and “needle-happy pediatricians,” but it doesn’t. Perhaps it makes him cleverer than these other people, but cleverness has nothing to do with morality. A similar attitude is Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo min

You see, then, how quick it was. And it is impossible to slow down this film, to examine individual frames. I see now what I saw then, flashing by with the swift, deceptive ease of an accident: shower of gravel, wind-milling arms, a hand that claws at a branch and misses. A barrage of frightened crows explodes from the underbrush, cawing and dark against the sky. Cut to Henry stepping back from the edge. Then the film flaps up in the projector and the screen goes black. Consummatum est.

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Bunny (Edmund Corcoran) , Henry Winter
Page Number and Citation: 276
Explanation and Analysis:
This quote comes from the beginning of Chapter 6, and it is the only description Richard provides of Bunny’s death. The Latin at the end of the passage roughly translates to “It is finished.” Notably, these are the words Christ uttered while dying on the cross. Although Bunny is far from Jesus Christ, he does die for his friends’ sins. Additionally, what is notable about this passage is that Richard narrates Bunny’s death as though it is a work of art—a film, in this case. In doing so, he invokes Aristotle’s idea that beauty and terror are one in the Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim

Henry took a sip of his tea. “How,” he said, “can I possibly make the Dean of Studies understand that there is a divinity in our midst?”

Related Characters: Henry Winter (speaker), Richard Papen , Julian Morrow
Page Number and Citation: 317
Explanation and Analysis:
While waiting for Bunny’s body to be found, Richard and Henry fill out surveys that ask them to describe Julian as a professor. Henry fails to complete the survey and cites as his reason the above quotation. Here, it is apparent how deeply the cult of Julian Morrow has affected Henry. Not only does Henry view Julian as a sort of father figure, but he also sees him as a god. Of course, this is a wildly inappropriate power dynamic for a student/teacher relationship, and it speaks to just how much Julian abuses his authority. Julian knows that his students Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostru

He was looking over the hills, at all that grand cinematic expanse of men and wilderness and snow that lay beneath us; and though his voice was anxious there was a strange dreamy look on his face. The business had upset him, that I knew, but I also knew that there was something about the operatic sweep of the search which could not fail to appeal to him and that he was pleased, however obscurely, with the aesthetics of the thing.

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Bunny (Edmund Corcoran) , Julian Morrow
Page Number and Citation: 341
Explanation and Analysis:
While searching for Bunny’s body, or at least pretending to, Richard comes across Julian. This quote is a description of Julian that Richard provides during the search, and it demonstrates the delusional manner in which Julian navigates the world. Before starting class, Julian always asks his students if they are ready to leave the phenomenal world to experience sublimity. However, Julian himself never seems to return to the phenomenal world. For him, everything is about aesthetics, and so even though one of his students is missing and possibly dead, Julian cannot help but feel “pleased.” This is a quality that Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore.

Chapter 7 Quotes

His gaze—helpless, wild—hit me like a blackjack. Suddenly, and for the first time, really, I was struck by the bitter, irrevocable truth of it; the evil of what we had done. It was like running full speed into a brick wall. I let go of his collar, feeling completely helpless. I wanted to die. “Oh, God,” I mumbled, “God help me, I’m sorry—”

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Mr. Corcoran , Sophie Dearbold , Francis Abernathy , Henry Winter
Page Number and Citation: 388
Explanation and Analysis:
This scene takes place when Richard, Francis, and Sophie arrive at the Corcoran house the day before Bunny’s funeral. After witnessing Mr. Corcoran break down over the death of his son, Richard has a mental collapse of his own. For a single moment, Richard’s guilt gets the best of him, and he seems as though he is on the verge of admitting the truth to Mr. Corcoran. The only thing that stops him is a sharp kick from Francis, which is why he stops talking after “I’m sorry.” Guilt remains a prominent theme in the second half of the novel, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolo

Slowly, slowly, with a drugged, fathomless calm, Henry bent and picked up a handful of dirt. He held it over the grave and let it trickle from his fingers. Then, with terrible composure, he stepped back and absently dragged the hand across his chest, smearing mud upon his lapel, his tie, the starched immaculate white of his shirt.

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Henry Winter
Page Number and Citation: 420
Explanation and Analysis:
This quotation comes in the closing moments of Chapter 7, after Bunny’s casket is lowered into the ground. There is an open question throughout the novel surrounding Henry and Bunny’s relationship. Although Bunny obviously liked Henry at one point, it is unclear whether Henry liked Bunny or merely tolerated him. This scene maintains that sense of ambiguity. On one hand, it could be argued that Henry smears the dirt on himself because he is so overcome with what he has done that he loses himself in the moment. However, because Richard describes his movements as “drugged,” there is also a Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Acc

Chapter 8 Quotes

Do you know how hard that was? Do you think Henry would lower himself to do something like that? No. It was all right, of course, for me to do it but he couldn’t be bothered. Those people had never seen anything like Henry in their lives. I’ll tell you the sort of thing he worried about. Like if he was carrying around the right book, if Homer would make a better impression than Thomas Aquinas.

Related Characters: Charles Macauley (speaker), Julian Morrow , Camilla Macauley , Richard Papen , Henry Winter
Explanation and Analysis:
Charles says this to Richard after Richard gets him out of jail. Charles is angry with Henry and starts to turn on him by questioning his leadership. Importantly, Charles’s anger at Henry is dually motivated. Though he does think that Henry’s leadership has failed the group, he is also angry at Henry for becoming romantically involved with his sister. Even though it comes from a place of anger, Charles’s critique of Henry rings true. Like Julian, Henry does care at least as much about appearances as anything else. Whenever there is something he would rather not do, he delegates that Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim

I had always thought Henry’s coldness essential, to the marrow, and Julian’s only a veneer for what was, at bottom, a warm, kind-hearted nature. But the twinkle in Julian’s eye as I looked at him now, was mechanical and dead. It was as if the charming theatrical curtain had dropped away and I saw him for the first time as he really was: not the benign old sage, the indulgent and protective good-parent of my dreams, but ambiguous, a moral neutral, whose beguiling trappings concealed a being watchful, capricious, and heartless.

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Henry Winter , Bunny (Edmund Corcoran) , Julian Morrow
Page Number and Citation: 508
Explanation and Analysis:
This quotation describes Julian’s reaction when he learns the truth about the bacchanal and Bunny’s death. In this moment, Richard realizes that Julian is not the person he pretends to be. Despite his many toasts to eternal life, Julian is “mechanical and dead.” He does not care for his students or other people. He is only concerned with himself, and now that his students can no longer amuse him, he abandons them. In fact, Richard’s comparison between Henry and Julian is actually unfair to Henry. Though Henry is cold and admits that he has few feelings, he does care for Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempor

It has always been hard for me to talk about Julian without romanticizing him. In many ways, I loved him the most of all; and it is with him that I am most tempted to embroider, to flatter, to basically reinvent. I think that is because Julian himself was constantly in the process of reinventing the people and events around him, conferring kindness, or wisdom, or bravery, or charm, on actions which contained nothing of the sort. It was one of the reasons I loved him: for that flattering light in which he saw me, for the person I was when I was with him, for what it was he allowed me to be.

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Julian Morrow
Page Number and Citation: 510
Explanation and Analysis:
This passage comes after Julian makes a sudden departure from Hampden, abandoning his students and his post. In retrospect, Richard attempts to explain why Julian still holds an important place in his heart; even after realizing that Julian is “capricious” and “heartless,” Richard cannot bring himself to hate him. Even if everything that Julian did was all part of an act, it still helped Richard to become the person he wished to be. Previously, Richard had no one whom he looked up to in his life, but then Julian came along and revealed new possibilities to him. Richard modeled his Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. C

“I can’t marry you [. . .] because I love Henry.”

“Henry’s dead.”

“I can’t help it. I still love him.”

I loved him, too,” I said.

For a moment, I thought I felt her waver. But then she looked away.

“I know you did,” she said. “But it’s not enough.”

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Camilla Macauley (speaker), Henry Winter , Sophie Dearbold
Page Number and Citation: 555
Explanation and Analysis:
This is the final conversation between Richard and Camilla in the novel, and it occurs after both of them fly to Boston to see Francis after his failed suicide attempt. At this point in his life, Richard is desperate for anyone and anything he can cling to. He’s lost Sophie and he has no one else in his life. His proposal to Camilla comes from a place of desperation more than one of love, and Camilla is smart to turn it down. Not only does she still love Henry, but she also realizes that marrying Richard will not solve anything Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam offic

Epilogue Quotes

“Are you happy here?” I said at last.

He considered this for a moment. “Not particularly,” he said. “But you’re not very happy where you are, either.”

Related Characters: Richard Papen (speaker), Henry Winter (speaker), Bunny (Edmund Corcoran)
Related Symbols: The Museum Exhibit
Page Number and Citation: 559
Explanation and Analysis:
These are the final lines of dialogue in the novel, and they occur in a dream Richard has featuring Henry. In the dream, Richard and Henry are in a museum surrounded by men who are staring at an exhibit, which is constantly changing its shape to resemble great feats of classical and medieval architecture. In other words, the museum exhibit is a symbolic representation of the past, and it is a place where both Richard and Henry appear to be stuck. Henry is stuck in the past because he’s fixated on the great civilizations of the past. Even while alive, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minu
Get the entire The Secret History LitChart as a printable PDF.
"My students can't get enough of your charts and their results have gone through the roof." -Graham S.
The Secret History PDF

Richard Papen Character Timeline in The Secret History

The timeline below shows where the character Richard Papen appears in The Secret History. The colored dots and icons indicate which themes are associated with that appearance.
Prologue
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Guilt Theme Icon
Richard Papen recounts the FBI’s discovery of a dead man named Bunny. Bunny’s disappearance led to... (full context)
Chapter 1
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Richard Papen is now 28 years old, and he is recalling the events that led up... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Richard finds his upbringing unsatisfactory compared to those of his friends. He is jealous of Charles... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
After graduating high school, Richard spent two years studying Greek at a local college while majoring in pre-med. While there,... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
When he arrives at Hampden, Richard falls in love with his living accommodations, which he describes as “a white room with... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
The Greek professor’s name is Julian Morrow and Georges tells Richard that Julian is independently wealthy and doesn’t accept payment to teach. He also informs Richard... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Over his first week at Hampden, Richard meets some acquaintances, but no one he considers a close friend. When he asks people... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
During his second week, Richard overhears a conversation between Bunny, Charles, and Camilla while in the library. They are having... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
After his conversation with the Greek students, Richard heads to Dr. Roland’s office. Dr. Roland is a psychology teacher whom Richard works for... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
The next day, Richard returns to Julian’s office. This time, to Richard’s surprise, Julian lets him in and begins... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
At the end of their conversation, Julian offers to take Richard on as his student, though he has two conditions. First, Richard must go to the... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Richard heads to his first class with Julian, which is held in Julian’s office. On the... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Henry questions Richard about his knowledge of Greek literature. Though Richard has read some of the works Henry... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Beauty and Terror Theme Icon
Richard is fascinated by Julian’s lectures. Julian begins by talking about the Furies who drove people... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Beauty and Terror Theme Icon
...Camilla recites the speech, light streams in from the window and onto her face, causing Richard to take note of her beauty. Julian asks his pupils why the passage is so... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
...the most to repress their pre-civilized selves, which, if not confronted, can result in violence. Richard is impressed and disturbed by Julian’s lecture and can only imagine what other people would... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
After class, Richard’s head is still spinning from what he’s experienced. Heading to the post office to send... (full context)
Chapter 2 
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Richard gets ready for his lunch with Bunny but is concerned that his best clothes will... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
When Bunny sees Richard, he immediately complements his jacket but tells him it’s not appropriate for the time of... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Bunny asks Richard how often he goes to The Polo, the nicest restaurant in town. Richard responds, “Not... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Bunny orders a gaudy drink and tells Richard that he first drank one while in Jamaica. Richard changes the subject and asks Bunny... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Bunny shifts the conversation back to Richard by asking him what his father does. Richard responds with, “Oil,” which is technically true,... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Bunny tells Richard that he has a girlfriend who is an elementary-education major and is “a real girl.”... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Bunny and Richard spend their entire afternoon in the restaurant, eating expensive food and drinking expensive drinks. By... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Henry gives Richard and Bunny a ride home from the restaurant. During the ride, Bunny repeatedly tries to... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
The next day, Charles and Camilla invite Richard to take a walk with them. He agrees and they start to walk and talk... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Near the end of their walk, Charles and Camilla invite Richard over for dinner. At first, he declines, but he ultimately accepts after they assure him... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Charles and Camilla tell Richard that Hampden is the “last place on earth for the worst people in the world.”... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Before the conversation can continue, Bunny and Henry arrive. Richard excuses himself to the kitchen, where he gets himself a glass of water. Charles follows... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
When Henry notices that Richard doesn’t look well, Richard tells him it’s “just a headache.” Meanwhile, Charles chastises Bunny for... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Richard wakes up late the following morning and has to rush to Julian’s office to make... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Beauty and Terror Theme Icon
Richard starts to think that he’s made a mistake by joining Julian’s classes. He wonders whether... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
The following week is isolating and bizarre for Richard. The weather gradually gets colder, and he feels completely detached from those around him. He... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
At the party, Richard talks to a girl he finds attractive but annoying. When she realizes Richard is a... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Francis, Camilla, and Richard ride in a Mustang convertible until they reach the country house. The house is immense—it... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Richard admits that his memories of the past are “distant and blurry” before his arrival at... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
On Saturday, Henry and Camilla take Richard out in a rowboat on the nearby lake. As Henry rows, he talks about a... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
The next morning, Richard wakes up early and goes outside where he finds Henry. Henry is working on a... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Richard believes that his Fall semester at Hampden made him who he is as a person.... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Richard’s favorite memories of his first semester are of the time he spends in the countryside.... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Richard finds himself wondering how he spent so much time with the Greek students, “yet knew... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
One day, late into the Fall semester, Richard goes outside and finds Francis and Bunny drinking prairie oysters to cure their hangovers. After... (full context)
Beauty and Terror Theme Icon
...rescue and takes charge. He orders Francis to get the first aid kit and tells Richard to make a tourniquet while he holds Camilla in his arms. Though Richard is shocked,... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Guilt Theme Icon
Later in the day, Charles and Richard talk about their desire to stay in the countryside home forever. Charles tells Richard that... (full context)
Chapter 3
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Richard dreads the end of his first semester at Hampden. As the weather starts to get... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
The last week of the semester is busy for everyone except Richard. In particular, Bunny is occupied by a paper on John Donne, which Richard describes as... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
In the following days, everyone leaves campus except Richard. The twins are the last to leave, and Richard sees them off on a cold,... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Richard packs up all of his things—which don’t amount to much—and begins a trek through the... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Only in retrospect does Richard recognize how dangerous these living arrangements were. It would’ve been fairly easy for him to... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
To combat his terrible living conditions, Richard spends as much time elsewhere as possible. He works long hours for Dr. Roland, who... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Throughout the winter, Richard receives mail from his friends. Charles and Camilla send him cookies from their grandmother and... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Guilt Theme Icon
Richard doesn’t interact within anyone over the course of winter break—mostly by choice—and this only makes... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Eventually, the temperature drops so low that Richard is forced to stay in a cheap motel. He is the only resident other than... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
February arrives and the cold begins to make Richard delirious. While working, he thinks he sees Henry outside, but he decides that it must... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Richard enters the warehouse and is shocked to find Henry. Henry looks jovial until he registers... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Richard spends four nights in the hospital with Henry by his side. Henry brings him books... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
When Richard is discharged from the hospital, Henry takes him to his apartment, which is large but... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
The next few days are uneventful. Richard finds Henry easy to live with because he spends much of his time working. They... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
The Saturday before college resumes, Richard hears a loud banging on the door. He answers it and finds Bunny who is... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
That night, Richard wakes up to more loud banging on the front door. He gets up to see... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Francis enters and then goes into the back of the apartment to talk to Henry. Richard only catches fragments of what they are saying, but both sound unhappy. They are concerned... (full context)
Chapter 4
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Richard is concerned that school is about start and he’s only heard from Henry and Bunny.... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Restless, Richard stays up reading. After a few hours, he leaves his room to go to the... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Richard wakes up the next day planning to do some Greek homework but then realizes he... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Classes begin the same day, Thursday, though Richard doesn’t have class with Julian until the following Monday. Richard spends his day wondering what... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Shortly after the phone call, Richard runs into Bunny, who asks him whether he’s seen anyone else. Richard says he hasn’t.... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Richard spends the weekend thinking about his fellow Greek students while eagerly anticipating his first class... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
First, Henry and Richard go to an estate sale and then to dinner. At dinner, Henry abruptly asks, “Don’t... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
When they arrive at Francis’s place, Francis is not home. Henry tells Richard that he is out at a movie with Bunny. Then, Henry explains that he and... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Beauty and Terror Theme Icon
Richard’s guess turns out to be correct. Henry admits that he and the other Greek students—excluding... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
...rituals. Shortly after Bunny’s expulsion, the Greek students succeeded in inducing Dionysian madness. Henry tells Richard that the experience was amazing and indescribable. Richard interrupts to inquire about the sexual nature... (full context)
Chapter 5
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
...walks in the door and is immediately concerned when he realizes that Henry has told Richard what happened. Henry tells Francis that Richard already knew anyway, and Richard reassures him by... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
...Bunny remains an issue because “he just can’t keep his mouth shut.” Henry explains to Richard that, although Bunny wasn’t part of the crime, he has knowledge of it. He hasn’t... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Francis tells Richard that he and Bunny were at a movie together the night of the murder. Richard... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
...out of the ordinary. He calls and invites the other Greek students to dinner, including Richard. After dinner, he sees that Henry’s car looks fine, despite having supposedly hit a deer.... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
...limits, and soon they will no longer be able to afford Bunny’s silence. They tell Richard that he shouldn’t let Bunny know what he’s just learned, lest Richard be implicated in... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Richard spends the night in Francis’s apartment. The next morning when he wakes up, he wonders... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
After finishing his Greek homework, Richard heads to Bunny’s room. Bunny tells him that he and Henry are planning a lengthy... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
...Bunny makes a misogynistic comment about Camilla that everyone is forced to ignore. After class, Richard returns to his room and takes a sleeping pill. Later in the day, he is... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
...restaurant where Bunny would never come looking for them. Their meal is largely uneventful, though Richard does take note of how quickly Henry strikes up a conversation with their server, a... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
As time progresses, Richard is shocked by how little he thinks about the murder his friends committed. Instead, he... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
...of the group. He attacks Charles for how much he drinks, Francis for his homosexuality, Richard for his relative poverty, and Camilla for being female. Additionally, in one particularly nasty moment,... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
While everyone endures Bunny’s attacks, Henry is plotting, though Richard doesn’t yet know what he has in mind. One day, while driving around high on... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
A few days after the head shop incident, Henry shows up at Richard’s door. Richard invites him in, and Henry begins asking questions about “a formula for dosage.”... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Richard is impressed by the plan because, “if anything could be relied upon with almost mathematical... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Ultimately, Richard agrees to help Henry. His rationale is as follows: “emotional appeals, I knew, were useless,... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Henry isn’t satisfied with Richard’s answer. He continues his line of questioning and asks if it would help if he... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
The next day, Richard meets up with Charles and asks him if he knows about Henry’s plan. Charles reveals... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
...more precarious. Even Francis and Henry are running out of money. One day, Julian invites Richard to a one-on-one lunch. Richard is concerned and asks Henry what Julian knows. Henry tells... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
After lunch, Julian asks Richard if he’s noticed anything unusual about Bunny. Julian thinks that something is wrong with Bunny,... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
...weather around Hampden starts to improve. On one particularly nice night, Bunny shows up at Richard’s door, drunk and ready to spill all of the secrets that he doesn’t think Richard... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
When Richard arrives at the twins’ place, Charles hasn’t managed to get ahold of Henry. However, Camilla... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Henry arrives and Richard recaps the situation for him. After, he asks Henry if he plans to poison Bunny.... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
In the evening, Richard goes to Henry’s place, where he finds Henry, Charles, and Francis. They tell him that... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
...everyone is convinced that they have no other option but to kill Bunny, Henry tells Richard that he should leave; the less Richard knows, the better for everyone involved. Richard wishes... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Richard doesn’t wake up until the following afternoon. Before long, he runs into Judy, who informs... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Richard tries to get ahold of Henry but is unsuccessful. Not knowing what else to do,... (full context)
Chapter 6
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Guilt Theme Icon
Richard doesn’t describe the moment of Bunny’s murder in detail. Instead, he momentarily pauses the story... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
...students drive back to Francis’s place, where they come up with a plausible alibi for Richard. Meanwhile, it begins to snow. Henry tells Richard that, if he’s asked, he should say... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
As Richard walks home, the snow starts to come down hard, despite the fact it is almost... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Still searching for relief from his racing thoughts, Richard seeks out Judy, who gives him what she says is a sleeping pill. During a... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
By the time Richard gets to the party, the pill Judy gave him starts to work. As it turns... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
After having sex with the girl he does not know, Richard falls asleep and dreams that he and Charles are on a train, attempting to avoid... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Guilt Theme Icon
Francis is alarmed by Richard’s presence but ultimately lets him in and makes him some tea. Francis tells him that... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
...Henry is in a bad mood because of the weather. He also reminds Francis and Richard that they have Greek homework due for class the following day. Everyone attempts to sober... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
...suggests that they wait a few minutes, though, of course, Bunny never arrives. After class, Richard runs into Judy, who is angry at him because he “went home with Mona Beale.”... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
The next night, Richard goes to the twin’s house for dinner. Henry asks him to go see two movies... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
...fields his questions and tells him that they do not know what’s happened to Bunny. Richard worries that Julian knows that this is a lie. That night, Francis and Henry show... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Henry, Francis, and Richard arrive at the twins’ place to find Charles, Camilla, and Cloke. Cloke tells everyone that... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Henry drives Richard back to school, and the two of them check their mailboxes. There, they find faculty... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
That night, Richard is wracked with nerves and is unable to sleep. He calls Camilla to make himself... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
When Richard goes outside, he realizes just how insane the situation has become. The media, the police,... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
On Friday, everyone drives to Julian’s house together. Richard has never been to Julian’s place and is curious to see where he lives. Indeed,... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
After the others leave, Richard watches TV until he is drunk and tired enough to fall asleep. Francis wakes Richard... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Shortly after their conversation about the Corcorans, Henry calls and tells Richard and Francis to come join the search party. Francis is exhausted and doesn’t want to... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Beauty and Terror Theme Icon
...talked to Bunny’s family, whom he clearly finds abhorrent, although he doesn’t outwardly say so. Richard believes that Julian is genuinely concerned for Bunny, though he also thinks that Julian secretly... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
While walking home from the twins’ place, Richard is suddenly punched in the face and kicked in the ribs by a large man... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Richard spends Monday night alone with Camilla, whom he asks, “What really happened, that night in... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Guilt Theme Icon
The search for Bunny continues to drag on. Richard hears a rumor that “the police had brought in a psychic, a fingerprint expert” and... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
While eating at the restaurant, Richard and Charles take notice of a television program featuring William Hundy. The program largely consists... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Guilt Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
The next day, Bunny’s body is found. Richard and Camilla jump up when they notice an ambulance parked below their window. It turns... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
...away with Camilla, they try to change the subject and make her feel better. Meanwhile, Richard starts to disassociate from his surrounds. He describes this feeling as “an incomplete dreamscape that... (full context)
Chapter 7
Guilt Theme Icon
Richard is shocked by how many people come out of seemingly nowhere to mourn Bunny’s death.... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
 In the days following the discovery of Bunny’s corpse, Richard doesn’t see much of his friends. Henry goes to Connecticut with the Corcorans, and Richard... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
The following Monday, Richard receives a letter from Henry inviting him to stay at the Corcorans’ house the night... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
...Next, Sophie introduces herself, though Mr. Corcoran clearly has no idea who she is. Before Richard can introduce himself, Mr. Corcoran breaks down crying. In response, Francis comforts him, and he... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
Mrs. Corcoran tells Henry to show Francis, Richard, and Sophie where they are staying. Before Henry can do so, Mr. Corcoran has another... (full context)
Class and Identity Theme Icon
Henry points Francis and Richard to the basement where they will be staying. The basement is dank, and they quickly... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
Richard describes the time he spends with the Corcorans as “one of the worst nights of... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
Together, Richard and Camilla raid one of the Corcoran’s bathrooms in search of medicine for Henry. While... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
Richard returns downstairs to find more chaos. The young children are yelling and crying, while Mr.... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
Shortly after his conversation with Francis, Richard finds Henry and gives him the pills. He tells Henry to be cautious because he... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
The next morning, Richard gets up and prepares for the funeral. Because Henry is a pallbearer, he must leave... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Guilt Theme Icon
After the church service, Richard overhears a conversation between Mr. Corcoran and his son Hugh. Hugh is excited because Paul... (full context)
Chapter 8
Guilt Theme Icon
Richard doesn’t clearly recall the events following the funeral because he took a bunch of painkillers... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
When Richard does see his friends again, he notices that the twins are still angry with each... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
One night, not long after Bunny’s funeral, Richard is awoken by a late-night call from Francis, who thinks he’s having a heart attack.... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
A few nights later, Richard is woken up again in the middle of the night, this time by Henry. Henry... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Richard waits around until morning and then calls Henry and explains the situation. He asks Henry... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Charles asks Richard to come home with him because he doesn’t want to be alone. While walking home,... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
When Charles and Richard arrive at the twins’ place, Charles kisses his sister, aggressively and romantically, in front of... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
A few days after his conversation with Francis, Richard runs into Cloke, who asks Richard about Camilla’s new place. Richard doesn’t know what Cloke... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
The same night, Richard goes out and parties with Cloke, Judy, and Sophie Dearbold. He wakes up the next... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
When they are alone, Francis tells Richard the important news: Camilla has indeed moved out of her place with Charles. She is... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
The next night, while on a walk, Richard finds Charles drunk and passed out on a playground at the Early Childhood Center. Concerned... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
When Charles regains consciousness, he asks Richard to go to his house and get him some of his things, including a bottle... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Richard returns to his room, where he finds Camilla. At first, he treats her coldly, but... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Guilt Theme Icon
A few days later, Richard has a heated conversation with Henry. He is annoyed that Henry continues to act like... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
The same day, Francis and Richard go to see Julian, hoping he will lift their spirits. When they find him, Julian... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Francis and Richard try and fail to lure Julian away from the letter. Upon leaving, they decide to... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
...think you better keep this.” Afterwards, he leaves the room; it is the last time Richard ever sees him. In retrospect, Richard cannot bring himself to fully love or hate Julian.... (full context)
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
The next day, Charles is released from the hospital, so Richard and Francis take him to lunch. However, Charles refuses to eat anything and only orders... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
...regardless of if he fails. Charles is annoyed by Henry’s headstrong attitude and mocks him. Richard worries that things are spiraling too far out of control between Henry and Charles. Soon,... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Hoping to mollify Charles, Francis and Richard convince him to ride with them out to the country house. Charles worries that this... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Manipulation and Paranoia Theme Icon
Francis and Richard look everywhere for Charles but fail to find him. They realize that if they don’t... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Henry, Francis, Camilla, and Richard try to calm Charles down, but they fail. They do manage to get the gun... (full context)
Epilogue
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Henry’s mother comes to see Richard in the hospital to thank him for trying to save her son. Richard quickly works... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Guilt Theme Icon
Richard fails to keep in close contact with his former friends. However, he does start dating... (full context)
The Human Capacity for Violence Theme Icon
Guilt Theme Icon
Class and Identity Theme Icon
While writing his dissertation, Richard gets a letter from Francis that is essentially a suicide note. Richard travels to Boston,... (full context)
Guilt Theme Icon
...day, Camilla arrives, and the three friends share a brief reunion. Camilla tells Francis and Richard that she is no longer on speaking terms with Charles and does not know his... (full context)
Intellectual Pursuits and Reasonability   Theme Icon
Guilt Theme Icon
Richard ends his story by relating a dream he had recently. The dream takes place in... (full context)