There Are No Children Here
by Alex Kotlowitz
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Preface Quotes

I asked Lafeyette what he wanted to be. “If I grow up, I’d like to be a bus driver,” he told me. If, not when. At the age of ten, Lafeyette wasn’t sure he’d make it to adulthood.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Lafeyette Rivers
Page Number and Citation: x
Explanation and Analysis:
This conversation between Alex Kotlowitz and Lafeyette highlights the two speakers’ completely different conceptions of childhood and life. While Kotlowitz assumes that all children dream and think about their future in a carefree way, Lafeyette proves that some children are unable to project themselves so far ahead. Violence, insecurity, and the general unpredictability of life threatens children’s abilities to consider the future and have big aspirations. Kotlowitz, therefore, is less shocked by Lafeyette’s low ambition to become a bus driver—which might be an incongruous aspiration for a twelve-year-old—than by his belief that he might die before then. Kotlowitz’s first-person presentation Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa

They have joined gangs, sold drugs, and, in some cases, inflicted pain on others. But they have also played baseball and gone on dates and shot marbles and kept diaries. For, despite all they have seen and done, they are—and we must constantly remind ourselves of this—still children.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Lafeyette Rivers, Pharoah Rivers, Rickey, Calvin “Bird Leg” Robinson
Page Number and Citation: xi
Explanation and Analysis:
In this passage, Kotlowitz describes the difficult situations that children at Horner can find themselves in. He explains that not all children have succeeded in avoiding death or staying away from violence, but that some have actively taken part in harmful activities. While he does not necessarily argue that children lack agency, will, or the capacity to separate right from wrong, Kotlowitz does insist on children’s inherent innocence. His goal is to make the reader view the children’s actions with compassion and understanding. In contrast to the title of this book, Kotlowitz insists that there are, in fact, children here. Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit u

Chapter 2 Quotes

LaJoe had watched and held on as the neighborhood slowly decayed, as had many urban communities like Horner over the past two decades. First, the middle-class whites fled to the suburbs. Then the middle-class blacks left for safer neighborhoods. Then businesses moved, some to the suburbs, others to the South.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), LaJoe Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 10
Explanation and Analysis:
Aiming to explain why LaJoe looks so tired and worn-out at the young age of thirty-five, Kotlowitz does not focus on the details of LaJoe’s life but, instead, on the area’s larger socioeconomic history. Implicitly, Kotlowitz is arguing that no one is uniquely responsible for Horner’s decline, since it was spurred by socioeconomic developments that took place across the entire country. At the same time, the government has been unable to provide a solution to these problems and to protect the lives of its most vulnerable citizens. In this way, Horner residents feel not only that their living conditions have Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At a deserunt. Sint aperiam consequatur. Minima porro perferendis. Sit neque odit. Tenetur qui digniss

But though the isolation and the physical ruin of the area’s stores and homes had discouraged LaJoe, it was her family that had most let her down. Not that she could separate the two. Sometimes she blamed her children’s problems on the neighborhood; at other times, she attributed the neighborhood’s decline to the change in people, to the influx of drugs and violence.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), LaJoe Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 13
Explanation and Analysis:
The isolation that Horner residents suffer from is the result of fear, which leads them to keep to themselves instead of interacting with their neighbors. Reflecting on people’s alienation from each other, LaJoe wonders whether the lack of positive social interactions, combined with pervasive poverty, have been the leading factors impacting her children’s life choices. She becomes convinced that it is impossible to separate her family’s fate from the neighborhood’s pressures. In LaJoe’s view, her efforts to build a united, loving family unit seem to have been in vain, since her three oldest children have all experienced a variety of Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perfere

Chapter 3 Quotes

Cleaning house was the only way she could clear her mind, to avoid thinking about what might happen or what might have been. It was cathartic in demanding focus and concentration. She scrubbed and washed and rearranged furniture, particularly when things got tense—with family problems, shootings, and deaths. The kids knew to stay out of her way, except for Lafeyette, who, like his mother, also found cleaning a useful distraction.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Lafeyette Rivers, LaJoe Rivers, Pharoah Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 26
Explanation and Analysis:
While Pharoah is the family member who seems most inclined to give in to escapism through daydreaming, LaJoe and Lafeyette also seek ways to escape the negativity of their environment—in this case, by cleaning the house. This activity might not aim to solve the problem of violence or to provide long-term comfort, but it does succeed at alleviating the weight of the present moment. Lafeyette’s imitation of his mother’s behavior shows that he is just as affected by the neighborhood’s violence as she is. It presents him on the same level as his mother—as an adult capable of taking care Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessi

Chapter 4 Quotes

Lafeyette, Pharoah, and the other children knew to keep their distance from Jimmie Lee. But they also knew that he and no one else—not the mayor, the police, or the housing authority—ruled Henry Horner. The boys never had reason to speak to Lee or to meet him, but his very presence and activities ruled their lives.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Jimmie Lee, Pharoah Rivers, Lafeyette Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 34
Explanation and Analysis:
The fact that Jimmie Lee, the head of the Conservative Vice Lords gang, is more powerful than any other local institution shows how defenseless Horner residents are to chaos and violence. Instead of being ruled by authorities whose power can be checked and who are accountable in some way, Horner residents have fallen prey to the tyrannical power of gangs. The summer of 1987, in particular, proves extremely violent and reveals the lack of power that Horner residents have in their own lives: although they have no control over gangs’ actions, gangs have the power to completely change—and, often, destroy—their Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessit

Even at Horner, the viciousness of this slaying unnerved people. By summer’s end, as the Vice Lords established their dominance, the war had touched the lives of almost everyone living in Henry Horner. Lafeyette and Pharoah, as well as the adults, began talking of the “death train” that drove smack through their community.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Pharoah Rivers, Lafeyette Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 42
Explanation and Analysis:
During the summer of 1987, in order to assert their dominance over Horner, the Vice Lords attack a rival gang in a particularly violent way, killing even innocent members of the community indiscriminately—in one case, for example, shooting an unarmed man for thirty seconds. Residents’ inability to defend themselves leads them to describe such violence in an impersonal way, as a seemingly inevitable phenomenon: a “death train,” something that no one can control. However, Horner residents never get used to the violence. Just like Lafeyette and Pharoah, the entire neighborhood remains traumatized by such events, fearing both for their safety Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi

Chapter 6 Quotes

Lafeyette confided to LaJoe, who tried vainly to get him to verbalize his grief, that talking wasn’t going to help him, that everything that “goes wrong keeps going on and everything that’s right doesn’t stay right.”

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Lafeyette Rivers (speaker), Calvin “Bird Leg” Robinson, LaJoe Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 55
Explanation and Analysis:
After his friend Bird Leg’s death, Lafeyette becomes more withdrawn, keeping his thoughts and emotions to himself, even though he is visibly upset by what has happened. His reluctance to share his feelings comes from an underlying belief that sharing emotions should be useful in some way. If, on the other hand, reality is bound to stay the same and disappoint him, there is no purpose to sharing his emotions, since this will only make him feel bad about something he cannot change. Lafeyette’s cynicism at such an early age can be seen as a similar reaction to Pharoah’s daydreaming: Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupt

Chapter 7 Quotes

“The kids want this orderliness,” Ms. Barone reasoned. “They appreciate it. They like it. It gives them a sense of being in an environment that is safe and comfortable.”

Related Characters: Diana Barone (speaker), Pharoah Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 67
Explanation and Analysis:
Pharoah’s teacher, Ms. Barone, forces her students to adhere to a strict set of rules in her classroom, influenced by her training in the military. Children follow a set procedure to go to their desks and can only go to the bathroom twice a day, along with the entire class. While these measures might seem draconian in another environment, Ms. Barone considers that children who live in such chaotic neighborhoods appreciate having to follow rigid rules, because they lack any sense of order in their home environments, where life is violent and unpredictable. Pharoah thrives so much in this environment Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium e

Chapter 8 Quotes

Often, when Rickey became embroiled in a fight, he began to relive Bird Leg’s last minutes, and as he did so, his anger turned to rage. In class, he once choked another child so long and hard that, in the words of Pharoah, “he put him to sleep.” These flashbacks, which were nor unlike those of a traumatized war veteran, haunted Rickey for well over a year after Bird Leg’s death.

Related Characters: Pharoah Rivers (speaker), Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Calvin “Bird Leg” Robinson, Rickey
Page Number and Citation: 73
Explanation and Analysis:
Pharoah’s new friend Rickey seems like Pharoah’s polar opposite. If Rickey is tough and aggressive, Pharoah is shy and soft-spoken. Rickey is rebellious and disobedient, whereas Pharoah enjoys the order that school provides him. However, beyond these appearances lie a similar sensitivity and trauma. Like both Lafeyette and Pharoah, Rickey is deeply upset by Bird Leg’s death, which strikes him as unfair and unacceptable. Instead of retreating into himself, though, he projects his anger and pain outward, thus harming others in the process. This shows the underlying, long-term effects of violence on young children. In this case, violence breeds pain Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessita

He secretly wished his mother would push him more, make him go to sleep early, make him do his homework. LaJoe conceded that she could be too soft on her children, though she wanted nothing more than to see Lafeyette and Pharoah graduate from high school.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Pharoah Rivers, LaJoe Rivers, Lafeyette Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 75
Explanation and Analysis:
While Lafeyette is proud of his younger brother Pharoah’s success at school, he finds himself personally unable to devote the same amount of time and energy as his younger brother to his school work. If Pharoah is driven by strong internal motivation, Lafeyette finds himself needing the help of others, such as LaJoe, to push him to perform well. Despite his status as older brother and the impression of self-reliance he tries to project, Lafeyette proves more vulnerable than his brother and more dependent on the encouragement of his family. This places a lot of pressure on his family, making Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mo

Chapter 10 Quotes

Because he had lately responded to nearly every instance of violence and family trouble with the same refrain—“I’m too little to understand”—she feared that the problems, when he was at last ready to confront them, would be too deeply buried for him to resolve. Now, though, she was convinced that Pharoah’s attitude gave him some peace of mind and the strength to push on, so she avoided burdening him with stories of hardship.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), LaJoe Rivers, Pharoah Rivers
Related Symbols: Pharoah’s Stutter
Page Number and Citation: 97
Explanation and Analysis:
When LaJoe loses her welfare benefits, she confides her anguish to Lafeyette but decides to spare Pharoah such worries. Recently, Pharoah has adopted an attitude of denial toward violence—and, in general, toward adult problems—which translates into a fierce desire to cling to his childhood and keep from thinking about issues such as pain and injustice. Instead of making him weaker, this attitude allows him to retain a measure of stability in his life, convincing him that he does not have to worry about anything. At the same time, this attitude does not completely shield Pharoah from the psychological effects of Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occ

“The things I should of been talking to Paul about I was talking to Lafie,” LaJoe said. “I put him in a bad place. But I didn’t have anyone to talk to. Lafie,” she said, regretfully, “became a twelve-year-old man that day.”

Related Characters: LaJoe Rivers (speaker), Lafeyette Rivers, Paul Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 100-101
Explanation and Analysis:
After LaJoe loses her welfare benefits, she realizes that the only person who can listen to her worries is her son Lafeyette. When Lafeyette adopts an attitude that oscillates between anger, frustration, and disappointment, he begins to lose all hope in the future, concluding that everyone and everything is bound to disappoint him. LaJoe realizes that, in sharing her adult problems with her young son, she has helped turn him into a premature adult—a child overburdened with worries and responsibilities, unable to enjoy the carefree joys of childhood. LaJoe attributes this in part to Paul’s absence since, as the other Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum vo

Chapter 12 Quotes

“Pharoah is Pharoah. He’s going to be something. […] When he was a baby, I held him up and asked him if he’d be the one. I’ve always wanted to see one of my kids graduate from high school. I asked him if he’d be the one to get me a diploma.”

Related Characters: LaJoe Rivers (speaker), Pharoah Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 116
Explanation and Analysis:
After Pharoah loses his first spelling bee, his mother does not give up on him. Instead, she reminds him how much she loves and admires him. To friends, she affirms her trust in Pharoah’s abilities. Even though her first three children have all dropped out of high school, LaJoe remains convinced that Pharaoh is special and will achieve unprecedented academic success. Although LaJoe’s emphasis on the importance of school does not always translate into practice, as Lafeyette complains that he wishes his mother would push him more, her encouragement does give her children moral support—which, in the case of family Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut

Chapter 14 Quotes

“To treat this as a cause célèbre, to give this man some long, long term in prison, is not going to change the narcotics problem. I wish I knew the answer—maybe some form of legalization, something to take the profit out of it. I don’t know. But I know it doesn’t stop it by giving people long terms in prison.”

Related Characters: Jimmie Lee’s Lawyer (speaker), Jimmie Lee
Page Number and Citation: 137-138
Explanation and Analysis:
While There Are No Children Here does not necessarily discuss the problem of gang violence and drug trafficking from a national perspective, focusing instead on the effect these problems have on individual lives, it does highlight the fact that such issues are larger than the individuals themselves. Jimmie Lee’s process serves as such an opportunity for reflection. Even though his lawyer is self-interested and, to a certain extent, disingenuous, as his goal is primarily to win his client’s trial, he does accurately highlight that drug trafficking is a societal problem. While sentencing Jimmie Lee might serve a symbolic purpose, it Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupt

Chapter 16 Quotes

Pharoah became more alert and prudent. He had never stolen anything. Nor had he ever gotten into any trouble other than talking in class. He wanted it to stay that way. The best way was to hang out more by himself. Pharoah decided he no longer had any friends. Like his brother, he just had associates.

“You don’t have no friends in the projects,” he said. “They’ll turn you down for anything.”

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Pharoah Rivers (speaker), Rickey, Lafeyette Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 154
Explanation and Analysis:
After Lafeyette is caught shoplifting with Rickey, Pharoah realizes that Rickey is not necessarily a good influence on his brother. Since he trusts in Lafeyette’s good intentions, knowing that his brother would not have tried to shoplift if he had been on his own, Pharoah places a large part of the blame for what has happened on Rickey. His conclusion is that friends are unreliable. Out of self-protection, one should therefore learn to distance oneself from people in general. This distrustful attitude is surprising in Pharoah, who, up until this point, has shown an innocent ability to trust in other Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus

Chapter 18 Quotes

They didn’t listen. They didn’t understand. So if they thought he was a bad guy, if they wanted him to be a bad guy, then he’d be a bad guy. If they wanted to put him away for something he didn’t do, then he’d give them something to put him away with. It was a tangled and tragic life that had got him into trouble. It was his own confused method of seeking justice.

Related Characters: Terence Rivers (speaker), Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Rickey
Page Number and Citation: 154
Explanation and Analysis:
After Terence is arrested then released on bond for a crime he did not commit, he adopts a paradoxical attitude in which his anger at being wrongly convicted leads him to misbehave and then to become rightly convicted. The outcome is the same—Terence is ultimately convicted—but, this time, at least relies on factual evidence, not error. Terence’s attitude mirrors Rickey’s, as both youths use their anger against a larger “system” to commit criminal acts. Both boys feel that society categorizes them prematurely, constraining them to behaving like criminals because that is how people expect them to behave. To fight such Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. Eligendi atque placeat. Molestiae earum eum. Libero sit beatae. At

Chapter 19 Quotes

In preparation for the singing of the national anthem, the emcee yelled, “Don’t you love this country?”

“Nooooooo,” the crowd roared, drowning out Pharoah’s meekly spoken “yes.” Only a few in the crowd, including Pharoah, placed their hands on their hearts during the anthem’s singing.

Related Characters: Pharoah Rivers (speaker), Alex Kotlowitz (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 181
Explanation and Analysis:
At the Boys Club annual talent show, which Lafeyette and Pharoah attend, gangs take part in a short-lived truce to allow everyone to enjoy themselves. However, this event does not mean that people are able to forget about their problems. Rather, while Horner residents might be angry about the violence that gang rivalry brings to their lives, they remain lucid about other source of harm in their lives: the state’s neglect. People’s resentment not only toward local institutions, but also toward the entire country, reveals their outrage about the isolation they suffer from. Their refusal to celebrate their American identity Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occ

There were some words Pharoah had trouble pronouncing because of his stutter. “I can’t say this right,” he’d cry out in frustration. “No such thing as can’t,” Clarise would remind him, like a mother encouraging her son. And the two would work at sounding out the word, syllable by syllable.

Related Characters: Pharoah Rivers (speaker), Clarise Gates (speaker)
Page Number and Citation: 185
Explanation and Analysis:
In preparation for his second spelling bee, Pharoah partners up with the class’s star pupil, Clarise, so that the two of them can practice together. Pharoah’s greatest obstacle is not necessarily spelling itself, but, rather, the difficulty for him to remain calm and to articulate his words slowly so that he might not stutter. Clarise’s kind yet firm words encourage Pharoah not to give up on himself, but to keep on trying hard. More than intelligence itself, this is ultimately what will matter most during the contest itself. Indeed, Pharoah lost his first spelling bee not to problems with spelling, Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non invento

Chapter 21 Quotes

Pharoah realized that something was terribly wrong. He didn’t want to ask. No one seemed to care about his spelling bee triumph. No one wanted to hear what he had to say. Dutt was weeping. Lafeyette, while he had one ear to the conversation, stared vacantly out the window; he didn’t even congratulate Pharoah. LaJoe tucked Pharoah’s red ribbon into her pocketbook.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Craig Davis, Dutt, Lafeyette Rivers, LaJoe Rivers, Pharoah Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 203
Explanation and Analysis:
After Pharoah finishes second at the school’s spelling bee, he returns home excitedly, expecting to be congratulated on this impressive achievement. However, instead of being greeted with joy, he soon realizes that the neighborhood has once again been affected by tragedy: Craig Davis’s death. The injustice of this scene is twofold. Pharoah’s family laments the unjust death of such a promising young man, whom everyone in the neighborhood loved and who was killed because of a policeman’s mistake. In addition, this death is also unjust in that it keeps Pharoah from celebrating one of the most important successes in his Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. Voluptatem accusantium est. Mollitia eaque ipsa. Perferendis consectetur et. Dicta impedit ut. Ducimus possimus quo. Non inventore in. E

It was not that they wanted the horrible bloodshed. Nor was it that they wanted to rise up in arms against the police again. It was just that they ached for a time when the community had a collective conscience, when neighbors trusted one another and had enough confidence in their own powers of persuasion to demand a better and more peaceful life. Everyone now seemed timid and afraid.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), The Soto Brothers, Craig Davis
Page Number and Citation: 207
Explanation and Analysis:
After Craig Davis’s funeral, Horner residents recall another example of injustice from the past: the death of the Soto brothers, who were killed because of the police’s mistakes. While that event had led to collective outrage and rioting against the police, Craig’s death is marked by silence, as members of the neighborhood are no longer capable of organizing collectively in the name of truth and justice. This does not imply that residents no longer care about such issues but, rather, that gang rivalry and violence have led to widespread distrust in the community. Changing this situation would require living in Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium

Memories for Lafeyette became dangerous. He recalled nothing of Bird Leg’s funeral. He couldn’t remember the names of any of the performers at the talent show. He sometimes had trouble recounting what he had done just the day before in school. Shutting out the past was perhaps the only way he could go forward or at least manage the present. Besides, he knew, nothing could bring Craig back.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Calvin “Bird Leg” Robinson, Lafeyette Rivers, Craig Davis
Page Number and Citation: 209
Explanation and Analysis:
After Craig Davis’s death, Lafeyette’s mind and body react to grief in unconscious ways. He begins to lose his memory, as though his mind could simply erase unpleasant episodes from the past in order to feel better. This erasure affects not only memories of trauma and injustice, such as Craig or Bird Leg’s death, but also neutral or positive memories, such as his day at school. Such reactions prove that the trauma of living in a violent environment is uncontrollable and can have long-term effects on a person’s mind. However uncontrollable, though, these reactions follow a logic that Lafeyette has Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo minus tempore. Nostrum dolor asperiores. Ut aliquam officiis. Unde enim nesciunt. Commodi necessitatibus voluptas. Accusamus eaque omnis. Velit eaque error. Possimus corrupti soluta. Qui aut a. Rerum voluptas debitis. V

Chapter 24 Quotes

She had seen Terence change in the year she had known him. He had hardened. The weight lifting made him look older and more menacing. He seemed more defiant. “When I first saw him he was a little kid. He was soft-looking and soft-spoken,” she said. She didn’t think a long sting in jail would do him any good.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Audrey Natcone (speaker), Terence Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 232
Explanation and Analysis:
When Terence’s lawyer, Audrey Natcone, tells him that she is only going to be able to reduce his sentence to eight years, Terence becomes frustrated and upset, almost to the point of tears. Audrey feels bad for her client, not only because Terence’s initial arrest was unfair (although he later committed another robbery), but because prison can turn innocent, vulnerable boys into hardened young men. The justice system, then, can harm young people not only in failing to correctly identify who is guilty and who is innocent, but also through the form of punishment it entails. Indeed, instead of redeeming Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Ac

Chapter 28 Quotes

The judge looked bewildered. “Did we have a case by that name?” Someone in the courtroom stifled a giggle. Three minutes had passed and he didn’t even remember Lafeyette. LaJoe felt as if no one cared. It was as if they were invisible. No one saw them or heard them or cared enough to treat them like human beings.

Related Characters: Alex Kotlowitz (speaker), Lafeyette Rivers, LaJoe Rivers
Page Number and Citation: 274
Explanation and Analysis:
After the judge hands Lafeyette his court date, LaJoe realizes that her son has received a different appointment from that of the other four boys arrested with him. When she returns to the judge after barely a few minutes to clarify this issue, though, the judge shows no sign of recognizing Lafeyette’s name. His judge’s surprise highlights the mechanical nature of these legal processes, in which people are treated not as individuals with a life and story worthy of respect, but as impersonal cases to which no one seems to pay real attention. This episode highlights what young, innocent people Dolorem et quae. Exercitationem non aut. Eveniet dolor non. Incidunt dolores sunt. Ad dolor at. Quia aperiam eligendi. Ut veniam voluptatem. Aperiam consequuntur mollitia. Provident expedita delectus. Occaecati ea suscipit. Optio ut iste. Voluptas aut occaecati. Accusantium recusandae voluptates. Explicabo
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